Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
ZOA 16-40 BEEKEEPING
The Desert Sun 750 N Gene Autry Trail Certificate of Publication Palm Springs, CA 92262 760-7784578/Fax 760-7784731 State Of California ss: County of Riverside Advertiser: CITY OF PALM DESERT 73510 FRED WARING DR PALM DESERT , CA 92260 Order# 0001118555 o A a �Orn A I am over the age of 18 years old, a citizen of Orr►1 0__ the United States and not a party to, or have Nr!1 interest in this matter. I hereby certify that the attached advertisement appeared in said 3 O G newspaper(set in type not smaller than non • �-) t, pariel) in each and entire issue of said newspaper and not in any supplement thereof ' on the following dates, to wit: Newspaper: The Desert Sun No0371: CITY OF PALM DESERT LEGAL NOTICE CASE NO.ZOA 16-40 3/13/2016 NOTICE OF INTENT O ADOPT A ZONING ORDINANCE AMEND— MENT TO MODIFIY SECTIONS OF THE PALM DESERT CODE TO AL- LOW BEEKEEPING IN RESIDEN- TIAL ZONES. CEQA:The Department of Commun- I acknowledge that I am a principal clerk of the ity Development has determined that the proposed Zoning Ordinance printer of The Desert Sun, printed and Amendment would not have a sig- nificant impact on the environment, published weekly in the City of Palm Springs, and that the amendments are ex- empt from the California Environ- County of Riverside, State of California. The mental Quality Act (CEQA), as pro- vided by Section 15061(b)(3) of the Desert Sun was adjudicated a Newspaper of CEQA Guidelines. Project Description The proposed general circulation on March 24, 1988 by the amendments will allow backyard beekeeping in certain single-family Superior Court of the County of Riverside, zones in Palm Desert. Project Location: City-wide State Of California Case No. 191236. Recommendation: Staff is recom- mending that the City Council adopt an ordinance to amended the Palm Desert Zoning Ordinance to allow residential beekeeping. Public Hearing: The public hear- ing will be held before the City Council on March 24, 2016 at I declare under penalty of perjury that the 4:00 PM. Public Review: The Zoning Ordi- foregoing is true and correct. Executed on nance Amendment is available for public review daily at City Hall. this 13th day of MARCH, 2016 In Palm Please submit written comments to the Planning Department. If any Springs, C group challenges the action in court, issues raised may be limited to only those issues raised at the public hear- ing described in this notice or in written correspondence at, or prior to, the City Council public hearing. All comments and any questions should be directed to: Tony Bagato,Principal Planner City of Palm Desert 73-510 Fred Waring Drive I Palm Desert,CA 92260 (760)346-0611 tbagatOQcityofpal mdesert.org RAr.HELLE KLASSEN,CITY CLERK Decl tit PALM DESERT,CALIFORNIA Published:3/13/16 MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 review of the California Green Code. The code requires a ratio of the overall parking development to be allocated for bike racks. They are also seeing more mandatory electric car stations on commercial development. Vice Chair Campbell commented that most of the businesses in the area close at 5:00 p.m. and she does not see a problem with parking in the evening hours. Chair Greenwood thought it was a valid project for the location. His only concern would be noise for the residential homes. He stated that if the City receives noise complaints, the applicant would be sensitive and make the necessary adjustments to meet those concerns. Vice Chair Campbell moved to waive further reading and adopt Planning Commission Resolution No. 2662, approving Case No. CUP 15-382, subject to conditions. Motion was seconded by Commissioner Pradetto and carried by a 4-0 vote (AYES: Campbell, DeLuna, Greenwood, and Pradetto; NOES: None). The Planning Commission congratulated the applicant, and thanked him for doing business in Palm Desert. B. REQUEST FOR CONSIDERATION of a recommendation to the City Council for a Zoning Ordinance Amendment (ZOA) to modify Palm Desert Municipal Code Chapter 25 to allow beekeeping in single-family residential zones with certain regulations. Case No. ZOA 16-40 (City of Palm Desert, Palm Desert, California, Applicant). Mr. Bagato gave a PowerPoint presentation, reviewing the staff report (staff report is available at www.cityofpalmdesert.org). He offered to answer any questions. Commissioner Pradetto asked how far bees travel from the beehive. Mr. Bagato responded that bees could travel up to three miles, but generally one to two miles. Commissioner Pradetto questioned if the flight path could be controlled. Mr. Bagato said that you cannot control the flight path. He noted that the beehive entrance must face away from adjacent neighbors. Commissioner Pradetto asked if a six-foot wall is significant to control the bees. Mr. Bagato replied probably not. He said other ordinances he researched required a six-foot wall. He mentioned that a wall does not have to be six feet. If a wall is four feet, they could add landscaping. 6 G:\Planning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx I MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Commissioner Pradetto inquired if re-queening every two years prevents swarming. Mr. Bagato responded that re-queening could help prevent or reduce the possibility of bees swarming. Commissioner Pradetto inquired if there were any comments related to the re- queening provision. Mr. Bagato said that one of the subcommittee members was in favor of the provision of re-queening every two years. However, he talked to a planner for the City of Santa Monica. Santa Monica, originally had the provision in the ordinance, but they decided to remove it. Experienced beekeepers wanted the flexibility of re-queening, if the beehive(s) was doing well. Commissioner Pradetto asked if the subcommittee considered that by targeting novice beekeepers, they may be penalizing some of the more seasoned and experienced beekeepers that know when the queen does need to be changed. Mr. Bagato answered that one of the subcommittee members has been a beekeeper for 30 years, and he recommended the two-year re-queening. He said the provision is meant to be an enforcement issue, if there is a nuisance with a swarm. Commissioner Pradetto questioned how the changing of a queen is monitored. Mr. Bagato explained that a beekeeper must maintain adequate records and show proof of re-queening. Commissioner Pradetto clarified that a beekeeper would be forced to buy a queen and present a receipt or records. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. Commissioner Pradetto assumed that swarming could be exacerbated by poor beekeeping practices. However, good beekeeping practices would limit swarming regardless of what other provisions are added to the ordinance. Mr. Bagato believed that to be correct. He noted that bees swarm if a beehive gets too big. There is a provision that would allow a beekeeper to bring in a temporary beehive to help eliminate a swarm or catch a swarm. He stated that the provisions are extreme precautions in the event a beehive(s) become a nuisance. Commissioner Pradetto inquired if the ordinance applies to the hillside areas. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. 7 G:\Planning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Commissioner Pradetto asked if a beekeeper had a five-acre property, would they be limited to four beehives. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. He said that currently there is no limit in the Residential Estates or Hillside zones. Staff developed one standard for two or four beehives. Commissioner Pradetto commented that for a property on the hillside and it is five acres, the ordinance states the beehives should be in the backyard which is not applicable for the hillside. Mr. Bagato agreed that the hillside is a little subjective. Commissioner Pradetto asked if there was any discussion regarding beehives in the backyard for hillside properties. Mr. Bagato replied no. He said the terrain dictates the development in general. Commissioner DeLuna pointed to a picture of a beehive in the PowerPoint presentation, and asked if that it is a typical beehive. Mr. Bagato replied that it is a type of beehive. Commissioner DeLuna inquired if there are an average number of bees in any particular beehive. Mr. Bagato replied he did not know. He mentioned that beehive supers could be added, which could increase the size of the beehive. Commissioner DeLuna stated that theoretically a beekeeper could have two beehives on a 20,000-square-foot lot; however, the beehives could be gigantic and have thousands of bees within two beehives to accomplish the same as four smaller beehives. She asked if that is correct. Or could you limit the number of bees kept in the size of the beehive? Mr. Bagato responded that they are not limiting the number of bees. If a beehive would get too big, it would probably swarm and create another beehive. He noted that he does not have that specific information. Commissioner DeLuna inquired if there are bee farms. Mr. Bagato replied that there are bee farms. Bee farms are usually associated with regular farms because they help pollinate the crops. He communicated there is still a major decline, and most of the commercial beekeeping is done on farms. He referred to an article included in the staff report, and noted that urban beekeeping is doing better than agriculture beekeeping. One reason is there is a lack of pesticides in an urban environment. 8 G:\Planning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Commissioner DeLuna asked if the City would check on the beehives that they are in compliance. What are the recourses if a beekeeper violates the ordinance? Mr. Bagato said that if the City receives a complaint, the beehive would have to be inspected by a Code Officer or a Planner to make sure the beehive(s) meet the regulations. If the beehive is considered a nuisance, the City would fine the beekeeper and could ultimately have the beehive removed. He stated that they are not going to require the registration of beehives, and they would not go out to inspect the beehive when they first come in. The only time they would inspect a beehive is when there is a complaint. Commissioner DeLuna asked how the two-year re-queening process would be monitored. Mr. Bagato communicated that if there is a complaint, the beekeeper would be asked to provide documentation of the re-queening. He noted that if the queen is purchased, the beekeeper would need to keep a copy of the receipt. Commissioner DeLuna inquired if the City could have a beekeeper remove their operation, if they do not comply. Mr. Bagato responded that if a beehive is a nuisance and not deemed appropriate to code, the City could have it removed through an abatement process. Commissioner DeLuna understood that staff researched the Administrative Use Permit and Conditional Use Permit process, and asked if staff decided against that process. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. He said the subcommittee discussed the permit process, and they felt it was best to introduce the ordinance and allow backyard beekeeping. If any issues would arise, staff could make modifications to the ordinance in the future. He mentioned that the subcommittee believes there would not be a lot of people that would want to do beekeeping. Commissioner DeLuna affirmed that staff could modify or introduce new regulations, if there was a need to change the ordinance. For example, adding the Administrative Use Permit process. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. Vice Chair Campbell asked if the only complaints would come from the surrounding neighbors. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. 9 GAPlanning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Vice Chair Campbell asked if the bees fly two to three miles, how do they know which beehive is theirs. Mr. Bagato responded that the bees are tied to the queen, and they know how to communicate with each other. Therefore, they know which beehive is theirs. Chair Greenwood questioned if there was any feedback on time that would need to be allocated by Code Compliance by having backyard beekeeping as part of the ordinance. Mr. Bagato replied no. He said that other cities allowing backyard beekeeping have not had many issues. He communicated that the biggest issue is perception. If the City required an Administrative Use Permit, they would need to notify the neighbors and consequently the neighbors would get scared without realizing what is really happening with the bees. Other Cities he talked to said it was a matter of educating the public, which he plans to work on. Chair Greenwood asked what the City is going to do in terms of educating the public. Mr. Bagato explained that once the ordinance is approved by the City Council, it would be published in the newspaper for 30 days. When the ordinance goes into effect, there would be a public release (newspaper and media), City's website, handouts, and the BrightSide. Chair Greenwood commented that if someone is going to buy a home and they do their due diligence in terms of purchasing the home, there would be nothing to let them know that an adjacent homeowner is a beekeeper by right of the zone. He asked if there was any major conflict when staff did their research. Mr. Bagato responded that other cities he spoke to did not have any issues. He stated that people have to take precautions if they are allergic to bees; bees could be anywhere in the environment. Chair Greenwood questioned if the ordinance needs to specifically state the size of a beehive. Mr. Bagato responded that he could research the size of beehives before it goes to the City Council. Commissioner DeLuna interjected that she feels the size of a beehive is a valid issue. Vice Chair Campbell asked if there is a requirement in the ordinance that a beekeeper must notify the neighbors of the beehives. Mr. Bagato replied no. 10 GAPlanning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Commissioner Pradetto asked if the City has received complaints about unpermitted beekeeping now. Mr. Bagato responded that staff received an inquiry to find out if beekeeping was allowed on a 10,000-square-foot lot because the beekeeper notified his neighbors to let them know of the beehives. He noted there was not an issue with the beehives; the neighbor was worried having a beehive next door. Commissioner Pradetto clarified that the only way they would find out about a beehive being a nuisance is through a complaint. Mr. Bagato replied yes. Commissioner DeLuna asked if beekeepers would be allowed to have a honey business out of their home. Mr. Bagato answered yes. He said it is allowed by the State of California. However, with a Home Base Business Permit, the City requires that the sale of honey is done online, at a farmer's market, or street fairs. Chair Greenwood asked if there would be a benefit for the beekeeper to notify the adjacent homeowners. Mr. Bagato responded that the subcommittee did not want to add a regulation to the ordinance that a beekeeper must notify the adjacent homeowners. In his personal opinion, it would be good for a neighbor to know. However, it would create an objection for an issue that is not an issue. He repeated again it has a lot to do with perception. Chair Greenwood voiced his concern about not being notified by a neighbor that is a beekeeper, and inquired if the subcommittee should discuss the matter further. Mr. Bagato said that at this point the subcommittee made their recommendation to not have a requirement to notify the neighbors. The Planning Commission could support the recommendation, deny the recommendation, or recommend changes to the ordinance. He explained that he would add it to the staff report to the City Council, and they could discuss the notification process to neighbors. Commissioner DeLuna asked what the subcommittee's objection to the notification or disclosure is. Mr. Bagato responded that if there is a notification, inherently the neighbor(s) would be opposed to the beehive(s). If they are not notified, there is a chance there would not be an issue. 11 G:\Planning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Vice Chair Campbell inquired if there is an issue, could the beehive be removed from the property? Mr. Bagato replied yes, if the beehive is deemed a health or public safety issue. The City could have the beehive removed through an abatement process. Chair Greenwood expressed the importance of educating the public, and noted that he would like to be notified if his neighbor was going to do beekeeping in his backyard. Commissioner DeLuna commented that in theory, if there were 10 houses in a row, she asked if all 10 houses could have beehives. Mr. Bagato replied that is correct. Commissioner DeLuna recognized the necessity of bees to the environment and understands the benefits. She voiced her concern of neighbors not being notified that beehive(s) are next door to them. Mr. Bagato reiterated that if the Planning Commission recommended changes to the ordinance, he would address the changes in his staff report to the City Council. Commissioner Pradetto asked how many other cities required notification of beehive(s) based on staffs research. Mr. Bagato responded that he studied approximately 12 ordinances, and about half of them required a permit or notification. Commissioner Pradetto also asked if staff talked to those cities about the permit and notification process. Mr. Bagato replied he only talked to a city in the Los Angeles area. They required a permit, but he does not recall if they required notification. Commissioner Pradetto inquired if there is a list of people that want to start backyard beekeeping once the ordinance goes into effect. Mr. Bagato replied no. Vice Chair Campbell commented that she does not feel comfortable having too many homes with beehives in one area. She said a certain amount of beehives should be allowed per square miles. Chair Greenwood declared the public hearing open and asked for any public testimony IN FAVOR or OPPOSITION. 12 G:\Planning\Monica OReilly\Planning Commission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 With no testimony offered, Vice Chair Greenwood declared the public hearing closed. Commissioner Pradetto asked staff if anyone could have a garage band in a residential area. Mr. Bagato replied technically that is correct. Commissioner Pradetto noted that technically everyone in his neighborhood could have a garage band. He pointed out that people have the right to do it; however, not everyone is going to have a garage band. He feels the same for beekeeping; not everyone is going to be a beekeeper. Commissioner Pradetto stated that the only people that are going to do beekeeping are the people who care enough to do it well. Realistically, he does not see a neighborhood full of bees. If someone wants to do beekeeping on the property they own by right, he supports the ordinance. Chair Greenwood commented that he would support the ordinance if beekeepers notify adjacent homeowners, and asked staff to further research the size of beehives. Following a brief discussion on the size of beehives, Commissioner Pradetto believed that the subcommittee wanted a hands-off approach. He felt that they should give people the freedom to do what they know how to do, and punish the bad actors. He said that they could do that in the ordinance, and focus more on penalizing the nuisances rather than trying to regulate everything in the hope that nuisances never occur. Commissioner DeLuna acknowledges the benefit bees are to the environment, and the need to increase the bee population in the country and in the City of Palm Desert. However, she is concerned not knowing what the size a beehive could be. She stated that she would also like some type of notification. She supported the ordinance, but is concerned for the public that is allergic to bee stings. Commissioner Pradetto interjected and moved to 1) Add a notification process to adjacent property owners; 2) Make a correction to Exhibit A; Item C; No. 5, changing 10,000 square feet to 20,000 square feet; 3) Amend the Planning Commission resolution to allow a maximum of eight (8) beehives on hillside properties that are five (5) acres or larger. Commissioner DeLuna asked if all hillside lots are larger than ordinary residential lots. Commissioner Pradetto responded that large lots are mandatory five acres minimum. 13 G:\Planning\Monica OReilly\Planning Comm ission\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx MINUTES PALM DESERT PLANNING COMMISSION FEBRUARY 16, 2016 Mr. Bagato noted that not all lots are five acres. There are some lots in BIGHORN and Stone Eagle that are smaller than five acres, which they both have Development Plans and are exempt from different regulations. Commissioner Pradetto continued with his motion to 4) Remove the requirement to re-queen beehive colonies every two (2) years; and 5) Remove the requirement to have a six-foot fence/wall. Vice Chair Campbell stated it is currently mandatory to have a six-foot wall. Mr. Bagato clarified that a six-foot wall is mandatory for new construction. Commissioner DeLuna asked why they should remove the provision to re-queen every two years. She inquired if it is punitive. Mr. Bagato replied it could be punitive if the beehive is a nuisance. Commissioner Pradetto stated that if a beekeeper is operating and not bothering anybody, why require beekeepers to change their practices. If the beehive(s) become a nuisance, the beekeeper would get penalized. Commissioner DeLuna asked if it is difficult to re-queen. Commissioner Pradetto responded that he understood it is not necessary, and beekeepers would prefer not to change a queen that is doing the job. If the queen is not doing the job, then they change the queen. Commissioner DeLuna stated she does not have a problem with a six-foot fence because she is allergic to bee stings. Chair Greenwood interjected that the provision also allows for a landscape barrier. Commissioner Pradetto moved to waive further reading and adopt Planning Commission Resolution No. 2663, approving Case No. ZOA 16-40, with the following amendments: 1) Add a notification process to adjacent property owners; 2) Make a correction to Exhibit A; Item C; No. 5, changing 10,000 square feet to 20,000 square feet; 3) Amend the Planning Commission resolution to add a provision to allow a maximum of eight (8) beehives on hillside properties that are five (5) acres or larger; and 4) Remove the requirement to re-queen beehive colonies every two (2) years. Motion was seconded by Vice Chair Campbell and carried by a 4-0 vote (AYES: Campbell, DeLuna, Greenwood, and Pradetto; NOES: None). Chair Greenwood thanked the subcommittee and staff for working on the beekeeping ordinance. 14 GAPlanning\Monica OReilly\Planning Com miss ion\2016\Minutes\2-16-16.docx , - CITY OF IiIAM DESERT ' 73-5io FRED WARING DRIVE PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA 92260-2578 TEL: 76o 346—o6ii FAX: 760 341-4564 info@palm-desert.org PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING NOTICE OF ACTION February 17, 2016 City of Palm Desert 73510 Fred Waring Drive Palm Desert, California 92260 Subject: Recommendation to the City Council for Consideration to Approve a Zoning Ordinance Amendment (ZOA) to Palm Desert Municipal Code Section 25 to Allow Beekeeping in Single-Family Residential Zones The Planning Commission of the City of Palm Desert considered your request and took the following action at its regular meeting of February 16, 2016: The Planning Commission granted approval of Case No. ZOA 16-40 by adoption of Planning Commission Resolution No. 2663, with the following amendments: 1) Add a notification process to the adjacent neighbors; 2) Allow a maximum of eight (8) bee colonies on hillside properties that are five (5) acres or larger; and 3) Remove the requirement to re-queen beehive colonies every two (2) years. Motion carried by a 4-0 vote. Any appeal of the above action may be made in writing to the City Clerk, City of Palm Desert, within fifteen (15) days of the date of the decision. Ryan Stendell, Secretary Palm Desert Planning Commission cc: File Building & Safety Department Public Works Department Fire Marshal CJ*NNINIFO ON NEM110 PAM PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 i A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING TO THE CITY COUNCIL APPROVAL OF A ZONING ORDINANCE AMENDMENT (ZOA) TO MODIFY PALM DESERT MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTER 25 TO ALLOW BEEKEEPING IN SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES WITH CERTAIN REGULATIONS CASE NO: ZOA 16-40 WHEREAS, honey bees, by pollination, are responsible for 15 to 30 percent of the food eaten by U.S. consumers. WHEREAS, honey bees have been in decline across the United States for several years. WHEREAS, in June 2014, President Obama issued a memorandum establishing a Pollinator Health Task Force, co-chaired by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency. WHEREAS, in 2015, the Pollinator Health Task Force adopted a National Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and other Pollinators. i WHEREAS, in 2015, the Pollinator Health Task Force adopted a National Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and other Pollinators. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA, AS FOLLOWS: 1 . That the Planning Commission does hereby recommend approval of ZOA 16- 40, as described in Exhibit A (attached) with the following amendments: i. Add a notification process to the adjacent neighbors; ii. Allow a maximum of eight (8) bee colonies on hillside properties that are five (5) acres or larger; and iii. Remove the requirement to re-queen beehive colonies every two (2) years. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the Planning Commission of the City of Palm Desert, California, at its regular meeting held on the 16th day of February 20161 j by the following vote, to wit: AYES: CAMPBELL, DE LUNA, GREENWOOD, and PRADETTO NOES: NONE ABSENT: NONE ABSTAIN: NONE J HN REE OD, CH RPE ON ATTEST: RYAN STENDELL, SECRETARY CITY OF PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA 2 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 i EHIBIT A 25.10.030 - Allowed Land Uses and Permit Requirements Table 25.10-1: Use Matrix for Residential Districts Residential Zoning District Special (P=Permitted; A=Administrative Use Permit; L=Large Family Day Care Use Use Permit; C=Conditional Use Permit; N=Not Permitted) Provisions RE R-1 R-2 R-3 R-1M HPR PR Agriculture-Related Uses Apiary P P P N N P P 25.34.170 25.34 Special Use Provisions 25.34.170 — Beekeeping A. Purpose and Intent: 1. The purpose and intent of beekeeping is to provide for the safe and orderly T keeping of bees in the City of Palm Desert to promote urban beekeeping that is E supported by the Pollinator Health Task Force that was created by 2014 Presidential order to address the decline of honey bees and other pollinators. 2. The purpose and intent of these regulations create certain minimum standards that allow beekeeping in residential zones in an attempt to mitigate the decline of honey bees in a manner that will protect the public health, safety, and welfare of the residents of the City of Palm Desert. B. Applicability. Beekeeping is allowed in all residential zoning districts, subject to compliance with the standards of this section and other relevant requirements of this title. C. General Requirements: 1. Beekeeping use shall be limited to Apis mellifera (European/western common honey bees) and must be an ancillary use to a single-family dwelling. 2. Every person that is the owner or is in possession of an apiary shall comply with the California State requirements for registration of each apiary owned or operated in the City of Palm Desert. 3. Beekeeping shall be operated and maintained in accordance with recognized best management practices that provide safe and healthy living conditions for the 3 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 bees while actively conducting of the colony(ies) and avoiding nuisance impacts on surrounding properties and persons (i.e. managing and controlling colony(ies) to reduce occurrence of swarms) and protecting the public health, safety and welfare. Beekeeping training and membership is encouraged to promote recognized best management practices. 4. A beekeeper shall maintain adequate records and best management practices and proof of re-queening every two years. These records may be required by the Director in response to a nuisance complaint as defined by this Section. 5. The maximum number of permanent beehive colonies that may be kept per single-family dwelling unit shall be limited to two (2) colonies on lots that are 20,000 square feet and less in area, and four (4) colonies on lots greater than 20,000 square feet. Additional beehive colonies are allowed on a temporary basis to address swarming or any other issues related to proper beekeeping management. 6. All beehive colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. 7. Beehive colony(ies) must be kept in good and usable condition at all times. 8. Beehive colony(ies) shall be promptly and properly removed if the beekeeper discontinues the beekeeping use on the property. D. Hive Placement Requirements. 1. Beehive colony(ies) shall be located within a private residential yard area that is generally behind the residential unit. 2. A barrier of at least six feet (6') in height consisting of a solid fence, wall and/or dense vegetation shall be installed and maintained between the beehive colony(ies) and all abutting properties. Fencing and walls shall comply with the Fences and Walls regulations of Section 25.40.080. 3. Beehive colony(ies) shall be located at least five (5) feet from all property lines. 4. In order to ensure the appropriate height of the honey bee flight path, beehive colony(ies) entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). 4 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 E. Hive Management Requirements. i 1. Beehive colony(ies) shall be continually managed to provide adequate living space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. 2. Beehive colony(ies) shall be re-queened at least once every two (2) years to prevent swarming. 3. A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or private property. 4. Beehive colony(ies) maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Figure 25.34-1 Hive Standards EXAMPLE: 15.000 SQUARE FOOT LOT LOT LIME 3 �'^ I SEE HIVES � t i WALL,FENCE OR HEDGE i s ` StNGLE FAMILY DWELLING 3 ' g PUBLIC RIGHT-OF. AVPRrvATE sTREET i ALLOWED AREA I t t 44ATER SOL;RCE i i4 , 1. Lots than 20.000 are allowed 2 i. hives max.Lots larger than 20,000 are allowed 4 hives max.All hives i must face away from the nearest Lot Lines i i 2_ Minimum 5 ft. distance from hives to the Rear and Side Lot Lines i i 3. 6 ft.wall, fence,or hedge between hives and the nearest Lot Line I 4. water source provided at all times RIGHT-OF-WAY�R-O,Wd PRFV'ATE STREET F. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: 1 . Colonies of bees exhibit defensive or objectionable behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. 5 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 2. Colonies of bees swarm. 3. Bees or hives do not conform to this Code. 4. Hives become abandoned by the bee colony or the beekeeper. G. Penalties for Violations. 1. Any person violating this Section shall be guilty of an infraction, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars ($250), or a misdemeanor, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding six (6) months or by both such fine and imprisonment. 2. Any person who violates any provision of this Section shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars ($250) for the first offense, a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars ($500) for the second offense, a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000) for the third offense, a fine of two hundred fifty dollars ($250) per day, per violation for failure to comply with third citation pursuant to Chapter 8.81 of this Code. t 3. The remedies provided in this Section are not exclusive, and nothing in this Section shall preclude the use or application of any other remedies, penalties, or procedures established by law. 25.99 Definitions "Bee" means any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. "Beehive" means any structure being used to house a colony of honey bees. "Beekeeper" means a person who owns or has charge of one (1) or more bees. "Movable-frame Hive" Any hive design that allows the beekeeper to readily remove the combs from the hive during hive inspections, in order to monitor and manage conditions within the colony. "Re-queen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger and more productive queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. "Swarming" The natural method of honeybee colonies to reproduce, resulting in the departure of part of the bee population with a queen to create a new honey bee colony. 6 The Desert Sun 750 N Gene Autry Trail Certificate of Publication Palm Springs, CA 92262 760-778-4578/Fax 760-778-4731 —� City of Palm Desert State Of California ss: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT County of Riverside FEB 112016 Advertiser: CITY OF PALM DESERT 73510 FRED WARING DR PALM DESERT , CA 92260 Order# 0001036762 1 am over the age of 18 years old, a citizen of the United States and not a party to, or have interest in this matter. I hereby certify that the attached advertisement appeared in said newspaper(set in type not smaller than non pariel) in each and entire issue of said newspaper and not in any supplement thereof on the following dates, to wit: Newspaper:The Desert Sun 2/6/2016 No 0199: CITY OF PALM DESERT LEGAL NOTICE CASE NO.ZOA 16-40 MODI IY�SECTIONS OF THEPPAL_M INTENT TO ADOT A �DE ERZNING °C_OIDENTO ACE LLOW BE KEENDMENTP I acknowledge that I am a principal clerk Of the ING IN RESIDENTIAL ZONES. CEQA:The Department of Community Development has determined that the printer of The Desert Sun, printed and proposed zoning Ordinance Amendment would not have a significant impaR on the environment,and that the amendments are exempt from the California published weekly in the City of Palm Springs, Environmental Quality Act(CEQAO, as provided by Section 15061(b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines. County of Riverside, State of California. The Project Description: The proposed amendments will allow backyard beekeep- ing in certain single-family zones in Palm Desert. Desert Sun was adjudicated a Newspaper of Project Location: City-wide Recommendation: Staff is recommending that the Planning Commission general circulation on March 24, 1988 by the adopt a resolution supporting the changes to Zoning ordinance and allow the Superior Court of the County of Riverside, item to move forward to a public hegrwlggl be held b with the efore the Commis- sion ty Public Hearing :The public hearing 'I 9 State of California Case No. 191236, Sion on February T zo16,at 6:or pm. Public Review: The Zoning Ordinance Amendment is available for public re- view daily at City Hall.Please submit written comments to the Planning Depart- ment.If any group challenges the action in court,issues raised may be limited to only those issues raised at the public hearing described in this notice or in written correspondence at,or prior to,the Planning Commission hearing. All comments and any questions should be directed to: Tony Bagato,Principal Planner of Plm Desert I declare under penalty of perjury that the 73 510 Fred Waring Drive,Palm Desert,CA 92260 foregoing is true and correct. Executed On (760)346-0611 tbagatoacityofpalmdesert.org RYAN STENDELL,Secretary Published:2/6/2016 Palm Desert Planning Commission this 6th day of FEBRUARY, 2016 in Palm Springs, C i ornia. Decla int E0 :ZI Wd 01 933 K09 vj 'id3S3a WIVd 30I.i303J1i303a � 11� CITY OF PALM DESERT DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT REQUEST: CONSIDERATION OF A RECOMMENDATION TO THE CITY COUNCIL FOR A ZONING ORDINANCE AMENDMENT (ZOA) TO MODIFY PALM DESERT MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTER 25 TO ALLOW BEEKEEPING IN SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES WITH CERTAIN REGULATIONS SUBMITTED BY: Tony Bagato, Principal Planner APPLICANT: City of Palm Desert CASE NO(s): ZOA 16-40 DATE: February 16, 2016 CONTENTS: 1. Draft Planning Commission Resolution No. 2663, Exhibit A— Draft Beekeeping Regulations 2. Legal Notice 3. City Council Staff Report, dated August 27, 2015 4. Mouck, Jenna "Bees in the City: Administration of Urban Honey Bees" Plan Canada Vol. 55 No. 4, Print Recommendation Waive further reading and adopt Planning Commission Resolution No. 2663, recommending to the City Council approval of ZOA 16-40 adopting standards that will allow beekeeping in certain single-family residential zones. Executive Summary Approval of staffs recommendation will endorse a draft ordinance establishing standards that will allow beekeeping in certain single-family zones as a permitted use. The City Council initiated the ZOA, and staff has been working with an ad hoc committee to establish the draft ordinance that is attached as "Exhibit A" to Planning Commission Resolution No. 2663. Staff Report ZOA 16-40 Beekeeping Regulations February 16, 2016 Page 2 of 4 Background On August 27, 2015, staff presented a report to the City Council on whether or not the City should allow backyard beekeeping in single-family zones. Based on the discussion, the City Council continued the matter, and appointed Councilmembers Jonathan and Harnick to an ad hoc subcommittee to work with staff. On November 16, 2015, staff met with the two (2) Councilmembers, and three (3) residents to discuss backyard beekeeping. The committee discussed the decline of honey bees in the United States and how this is a threat to our ecosystem and agriculture production. The committee discussed some of the ordinances that other California cities have approved that allows residential backyard beekeeping. The committee also discussed the potential issues related to bees (bee stings and swarming). However, the committee believed that the issues are more of a perception issue than a real threat to the community, and that there will be a great need for education related to any backyard beekeeping ordinance. Lastly, the committee briefly discussed a national strategy document that was produced by a Pollinator Health Task Force. President Obama established the Pollinator Health Task Force to address the serious decline of the honey bees over the past three (3) decades. The document discusses the importance of pollinators in the United States, and strategies for promoting beekeeping at the federal level. Based on the discussion of the committee, the City Council initiated a ZOA directing staff to developed regulations that would allow beekeeping in single-family residential zones. Since that meeting, staff has researched other ordinances and has worked with the committee to prepare the draft ordinance that is attached to Planning Commission Resolution No. 2663. Project Description The proposed ZOA will modify several sections in the Palm Desert Municipal Code to allow beekeeping in certain residential zones. The following zones will allow beekeeping per the draft ordinance (attached as Exhibit A): Residential Zoning District Special (P=Permitted; A=Administrative Use Permit; L=Large Family Day Use Care Use Permit; C=Conditional Use Permit; N=Not Permitted) Provisions RE R-1 R-2 R-3 R-1M HPR PR Agriculture-Related Uses Apiary P P P N N P P 1 25.34.170 G:\Planning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports\ZOA\16-40 Beekeeping\PCSR_Beekeeping Ordinance.docx Staff Report ZOA 16-40 Beekeeping Regulations February 16, 2016 Page 3 of 4 The single-family residential zones above will allow beekeeping with certain regulations that are identified in the draft ordinance. As proposed, lots that are less than 20,000 square feet may have a maximum of two (2) beehive colonies, and lots larger than 20,000 square feet may have four(4) beehive colonies. Beehive colonies will be allowed in the rear or side yard of the home, with a minimum of a five-foot setback from all property lines. The beehive entrance must face away or parallel to the closest adjacent neighbor to keep the direct flight path away from the closest neighbors. The following diagram illustrates some of the standards outlined in the draft ordinance. EXAMPLE: 15.000 SQUARE FOOT LOT LOT LINE I ZJ tis E SEE HWES ,^T, *ALL.FENCE OR HEDGE SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING E RLISLtO FttCs##3"-pF-WF:4`<PRI\FATE STREET ( ALLO`VVED AREA WATER SOURCE 1. Lets than 20,000 are allowed 2 hives max. Lots larger than 20,000 are allowed 4 hives max.Al I hives must face away from the nearest Lot Lines 2. Minimum 6 ft. distance from hives to the Rear and Side Lot Lines 1 1 3. 6 ft.wall, fence,or hedge between i hives and the nearest Lot Line I I 4. Water source provided at all times The proposed ordinance will not require a permit through the City of Palm Desert. The intent of the initial ordinance is to allow beekeeping to promote the environmental benefits, as well as allow a homeowner to have beekeeping as a hobby or a home based business that is allowed as a "Food Cottage Operation" that is allowed by state law. GAPlanning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports\ZOA\16 30 Beekeeping\PCSR_Beekeeping Ordinance.docx Staff Report ZOA 16-40 Beekeeping Regulations February 16, 2016 Page 4 of 4 Environmental The Department of Community Development has determined that the proposed ZOA would not have a significant impact on the environment, and that the amendments are exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as provided by Section 15061(b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines. Submitted By: Tony Bagato, Princi par Planner Department Head: -OW Ryan S endell, Director of Community Development GAPlanning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports\ZOA\16-40 Beekeeping\PCSR_Beekeeping Ordinance.docx PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING TO CITY COUNCIL APPROVAL OF A ZONING ORDINANCE AMENDMENT (ZOA) TO MODIFY PALM DESERT MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTER 25 TO ALLOW BEEKEEPING IN SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES WITH CERTAIN REGULATIONS CASE NO: ZOA 16-40 WHEREAS, honey bees, by pollination, are responsible for 15 to 30 percent of the food eaten by U.S. consumers. WHEREAS, honey bees have been in d Jine across the United States for several years. WHEREAS, in June 2014, President Obama issued a memorandum;establishing a Pollinator Health Task Force, co-chaired by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency. WHEREAS, in 2015, the Pollinator Health Task Force adopted a National Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and other Pollinators. WHEREAS, in 201`5' the Pollinator Health Task Force adopted a National Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and other Pollinators. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA, AS FOLLOWS: 1. That the Planning Commission does hereby recommend approval of ZOA 16- 40, as described in Exhibit A, attached. PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the Planning Commission of the City of Palm Desert, California, at its regular meeting held on the 16t" day of February 2016, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: JOHN GREENWOOD, CHAIRPERSON ATTEST: RYAN STENDELL, SECRETARY CITY OF PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA ; 2 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 EHIBIT A 25.10.030 - Allowed Land Uses and Permit Requirements Table 25.10-1: Use Matrix for Residential Districts Residential Zoning District Special (P=Permitted; A=Administrative Use Permit; L=Large Family Day Care Use Use Permit; C=Conditional Use Permit; N=Not Permitted _ Provisions RE R-1 R-2 R-3 R-1 M HPR PR Agriculture-Related Uses Apiary I P P P N N P P 25.34.170 25.34 Special Use Provisions 25.34.170 — Beekeeping A. Purpose and Intent: 1. The purpose and intent of beekeeping is to provide for the safe and orderly keeping of bees in the City of Palm Desert to promote urban beekeeping that is supported by the Pollinator Health Task Force that was created by 2014 Presidential order to address the decline of honey bees and other pollinators. 2. The purpose and intent of these regulations create certain minimum standards that allow beekeeping in residential zones in an attempt to mitigate the decline of honey bees in a manner that will protect the public health, safety, and welfare of the residents of the City of Palm Desert. B. Applicability. Beekeeping is allowed in all residential zoning districts, subject to compliance with the standards of this section and other relevant requirements of this title. C. General Requirements: 1. Beekeeping use shall be limited to Apis mellifera (European/western common honey bees) and must be an ancillary use to a single-family dwelling. 2. Every person that is the owner or is in possession of an apiary shall comply with the California State requirements for registration of each apiary owned or operated in the City of Palm Desert. 3 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 3. Beekeeping shall be operated and maintained in accordance with recognized best management practices that provide safe and healthy living conditions for the bees while actively conducting of the colony(ies) and avoiding nuisance impacts on surrounding properties and persons (i.e. managing and controlling colony(ies) to reduce occurrence of swarms) and protecting the public health, safety and welfare. Beekeeping training and membership is encouraged to promote recognized best management practices. 4. A beekeeper shall maintain adequate records and best management practices and proof of re-queening every two years. These records may be required by the Director in response to a nuisance complaint as defined by this Section. 5. The maximum number of permanent beehive colonies that may be kept per single-family dwelling unit shall be limited to two (2) colonies on lots that are 20,000 square feet and less in area, and four (4) colonies on lots greater than 10,000 square feet. Additional bee hive colonies are allowed on a temporary basis to address swarming or any other issues related to proper beekeeping management. 6. All bee hive colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. 7. Beehive colony(ies) must be kept in good and usable condition at all times. 8. Beehive colony(ies) shall be promptly and properly removed if the beekeeper discontinues the beekeeping use on the property. D. Hive Placement Requirements. 1. Beehive colony(ies) shall be located within a private residential yard area that is generally behind the residential unit. 2. A barrier of at least six feet (6') in height consisting of a solid fence, wall and/or dense vegetation shall be installed and maintained between the beehive colony(ies) and all abutting properties. Fencing and walls shall comply with the Fences and Walls regulations of Section 25.40.080. 3. Beehive colony(ies) shall be located at least five (5) feet from all property lines. 4. In order to ensure the appropriate height of the honey bee flight path, beehive colony(ies) entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property Iine(s). 4 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 E. Hive Management Requirements. 1. Beehive colony(ies) shall be continually managed to provide adequate living space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. 2. Beehive colony(ies) shall be re-queened at least once every two (2) years to prevent swarming. 3. A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or private property. 4. Beehive colony(ies) maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Figure 25.34-1 Hive Standards EXAMPLE: 16,000 SQUARE FOOT LOT LOT LINE I I ." BEEHIVES WALL.FENCE OR HEDGE ! SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING ( i PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAY!PRIVATE STREET - I ALLOWED AREA WATER SOURCE } 1. Lots than 20,000 are al lowed 2 I I hives max.Lots larger than 20,000 j 2 I are allowed 4 hives max.All hives I i must face away from the nearest Lot Lines ! I 2. Minimum 5 ft. distance from hives I to the Rear and Side Lot Lines 3. 6 ft.wall, fence, or hedge between I hives and the nearest Lot Line ! 4. Water source provided at all times F. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: 1. Colonies of bees exhibit defensive or objectionable behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. 5 PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 2663 2. Colonies of bees swarm. 3. Bees or hives do not conform to this Code. 4. Hives become abandoned by the bee colony or the beekeeper. G. Penalties for Violations. 1. Any person violating this Section shall be guilty of an infraction, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars ($250), or a misdemeanor, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding six (6) months or by both such fine and imprisonment. 2. Any person who violates any provision of this Section shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars ($250) for the first offense, a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars ($500) for the second offense, a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000) for the third offense, a fine of two hundred fifty dollars ($250) per day, per violation for failure to comply with third citation pursuant to Chapter 8.81 of this Code. 3. The remedies provided in this Section are not exclusive, and nothing in this Section shall preclude the use or application of any other remedies, penalties, or procedures established by law. 25.99 Definitions "Bee" means any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. "Beehive" means any structure being used to house a colony of honey bees. "Beekeeper" means a person who owns or has charge of one (1) or more bees. "Movable-frame Hive" Any hive design that allows the beekeeper to readily remove the combs from the hive during hive inspections, in order to monitor and manage conditions within the colony. "Re-queen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger and more productive queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. "Swarming" The natural method of honeybee colonies to reproduce, resulting in the departure of part of the bee population with a queen to create a new honey bee colony. 6 CITY OF PALM DESERT LEGAL NOTICE CASE NO. ZOA 16-40 NOTICE OF INTENT TO ADOPT A ZONING ORDINANCE AMENDMENT TO MODIFIY SECTIONS OF THE PALM DESERT CODE TO ALLOW BEEKEEPING IN RESIDENTIAL ZONES. CEQA: The Department of Community Development has determined that the proposed Zoning Ordinance Amendment would not have a significant impact on the environment, and that the amendments are exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), as provided by Section 15061(b)(3)of the CEQA Guidelines. Project Description: The proposed amendments will allow backyard beekeeping in certain single-family zones in Palm Desert. Project Location: City-wide Recommendation: Staff is recommending that the Planning Commission adopt a resolution supporting the changes to Zoning Ordinance and allow the item to move forward to a public hearing with the City Council. Public Hearing: The public hearing will be held before the Planning Commission on February 16, 2016, at 6:00 pm. Public Review: The Zoning Ordinance Amendment is available for public review daily at City Hall. Please submit written comments to the Planning Department. If any group challenges the action in court, issues raised may be limited to only those issues raised at the public hearing described in this notice or in written correspondence at, or prior to, the Planning Commission hearing. All comments and any questions should be directed to: Tony Bagato, Principal Planner City of Palm Desert 73-510 Fred Waring Drive Palm Desert, CA 92260 (760) 346-0611 tbagato(a-)cityofpalmdesert.org PUBLISH: DESERT SUN RYAN STENDELL, Secretary February 6, 2016 Palm Desert Planning Commission as DATE CITY OF PALM DES FO F;-&'ks TO Z%W- RBMS DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY STAFF REPORT REQUEST: CONSIDERATION OF A BACKYARD BEEKEEPING ORDINANCE IN R-1 SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES. SUBMITTED BY: Tony Bagato, Principal Planner DATE: August 27, 2015 CONTENTS: Proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance by Mr. Dan Olensnicky City of Santa Monica Beekeeping Ordinance City of San Diego Beekeeping Ordinance City of San Diego Beekeeping Fact Sheet Residential Beekeeping Survey Recommendation By Minute Motion, direct staff to: 1) Initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment that would establish a Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance in single-family zones based on staffs research and recommendation, or 2) Enforce the current prohibition of backyard beekeeping in single-family zones that do not allow it. Discussion On June 1, 2015, the City's Code Compliance Division received an anonymous complaint about a property owner who has two (2) beehives in the backyard of a single- family home located in an R-1 single-family zone. Currently, the Zoning Ordinance only permits beekeeping (apiaries) in the City's Residential Estate (RE) Zone and Hillside Planned Residential (HPR) Zone. Beekeeping is allowed in these two (2) zones because the residential lots are rural in nature and much larger (1 acre or larger) than a typical R-1 single-family zone. R-1 single-family lots range between 8,000 square feet and 20,000 square feet. In recent years, cities throughout the Western United States have started considering backyard beekeeping ordinances due to a mysterious bee population reduction and the corresponding pollination challenges. Staff Report Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion August 27, 2015 Page 2 of 2 Although staff believes that beekeeping is a benefit to the environment, a potential ordinance to allow them in R-1 single-family zones will come with controversy. Staff believes there will be opposition from property owners concerned about bee stings, swarming, and the belief that beekeeping should only be allowed in agricultural zones. The homeowner who currently has two (2) beehives in his backyard has provided a sample ordinance that the City could adopt. In addition, staff has provided example backyard beekeeping ordinances from the cities of Santa Monica and San Diego, and a beekeeping fact sheet from the City of San Diego. Staff contacted several local cities about residential beekeeping. The City of Palm Springs allows residential beekeeping as a Conditional Use Permit. The other cities staff contacted did not allow residential beekeeping. If the City Council believes backyard beekeeping should be allowed in R-1 zones, the City Council needs to initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment. Based on City Council direction, staff will present a draft ordinance with regulations based on other ordinances and potential issues related to backyard beekeeping. The Zoning Ordinance Amendment will require a public hearing and recommendation at the Planning Commission before the City Council considers the ordinance. If the City Council does not want to initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment, backyard beekeeping in the R-1 single-family zone will remain prohibited, and staff will enforce the prohibition. Submitted by: Department Head: Tony Bagato Laud Aylaian Principal Planner Director of Community Development CITY COUNC[LACTION APPROVED DEN m Approval: RECEIVED OTHER MEET G D AYES m n M. Wohlmuth NOES: e- ty Manager ABSENT: r Minute Motion: 1) Continued the ABSTAINS sue to a date uncertain; 2) appointed VERIFIED BY: Councilmembers Harnik and Jonathan Original on File with City erk's Office to a subcommittee with staff to research the issue and provide recommendation back to the Council. 4-0 G:\Planning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports\Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion\CCSR_Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion.docx Proposed Backyard Beeping Ordinance. Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. Purpose. (1) The purpose of backyard beeping is to promote the hobby of beekeeping in a safe and sustainable manner, not for production of honey on a commercial basis. (2) Backyard beekeeping is a way to mitigate the decline in population of honeybee pollinators in the United States and in the Coachella Valley. (3) Improved pollination increases the local flower pollination resulting in the beautification of our landscape. It also increases the yield of local fruit trees and gardens in our city, thereby decreasing the dependence on outside farming and fossil fuels in our area. Indirectly this will decrease the city's carbon footprint and financial stress on our residents. (4) Reintroduction of more docile strains of honey bee can displace some of the Africanized strains of honey bees in the Palm Desert area. General Requirements. (1) The applicant shall be registered as a beekeeper with the County of Riverside Department of Agricultural Commissioner. (2) No more than one hive may be maintained on any residential property per each 2500 square feet of total property occupied by the residence. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees fly over a five-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Colonies shall be re-queened following any swarming or aggressive behavior. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee reliance on water sources of an adjacent property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit repeatedly aggressive behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Bees or hives do not conform to this code. (3) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (4) Improper management will be determined by a qualified beekeeper or beekeeping society in consultation. .4.04.130 Bees. Page 1 of 2 Santa Monica Municipal Code Up I Previous Next MainJ F_§ea_rchFf!ri_ntJ No Frames Article 4 PUBLIC WELFARE, MORALS AND POLICY Chapter 4.04 ANIMALS 4.04.130 Bees. (a) Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger and more productive queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. (b) General Requirements. (1) Hives may only be maintained on single-family residential property. (2) No more than two hives may be maintained on any single-family residential property. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. (5) Any person intending to maintain any bee hive on any single-family residential property within the City must first register with the City's Animal Control Office. (c) Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees must fly over a six-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. (d) Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Hives shall be requeened at least once every two years to prevent swarming. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or private property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. (e) Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit defensive or objectionable behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Colonies of bees swarm. (3) Bees or hives do not conform to this Code. httn://www.cicode.us/codes/santamonica/view.r)hD?topic=4-4 04-4 04 130&frames=on 7/2/2015 . 4.04.130 Bees. Page 2 of 2 (4) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (f) Penalties for Violations. (1) Any person violating this Section shall be guilty of an infraction, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars, or a misdemeanor, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the County Jail for a period not exceeding six months or by both such fine and imprisonment. (2) Any person who violates any provision of this Section shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties pursuant to Chapter 1.09 and Chapter 1.10 of this Code. (3) The remedies provided in this Section are not exclusive, and nothing in this Section shall preclude the use or application of any other remedies, penalties or procedures established by law. (Prior code §4112; amended by Ord. No. 2344CCS, adopted 1/11/11) View the mobile version. httn-//www.accde.us/codes/santamonica/view.Dhti?topic=4-4 04-4 04 130&frames=on 7/2/2015 i San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) Article 4: Disease Control—Nuisances Division 4: Beekeeping ("Beekeeping" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0401 Purpose and Intent It is the purpose and intent of this division to provide for the safe and orderly keeping of bees in the City of San Diego by establishing certain minimum standards for the keeping of bees to protect the public health, safety and welfare of the residents of the City of San Diego. ("Purpose and Intent"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0402 Definitions Any word or phrase used in this division and not herein defined shall be given the meaning established for such word or phrase by Chapter 1 of Division 13 of the California Agricultural Code. Whenever in this division the term "Commissioner" is used, it shall mean the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and regularly appointed employees of the San Diego County Department of Agriculture. ("Definitions"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0403 Provisions Supplement State Laws This division shall in all respects be construed to supplement and harmonize with the provisions of law of the State of California pertaining to bees and the beekeeping industry. ("Provisions Supplement State Laws" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0404 Registration Required Within 30 days of establishing an apiary the owner of the apiary shall register the apiary with the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and shall reregister in January of every year thereafter while in possession of the apiary. ("Commissioner May Enter Premises" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Registration Required" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0406 Permitted Bee Species Only docile Apis mellifera species (honey bees) shall be permitted by this Division. ("Notice of Violation" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 Y S.) (Retitled to"Permitted Bee Species" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137N.S.: effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0408 Beekeeping—Locational Requirements (a) An apiary consisting of three or more beehives shall be located no closer than 600 feet from a building used as a residence, other than the residence located on the same premises as the beehives, and a minimum of 100 feet from the public right-of-way. (b) An apiary consisting of two or fewer beehives may be maintained in accordance with the following: (1) The apiary shall be located outside of all required setbacks as established by Chapter 13, Article 1 of this Code, or fifteen feet from the property line and 20 feet from all public rights-of-way, whichever is greater; (2) A minimum 6-foot tall barrier shall surround the beehive leaving sufficient space to properly maintain the beehive except that the barrier shall not be required when the beehive is elevated at least eight feet above grade; (3) The beehive is not visible from the public right-of-way; (4) The beehive is in a location that is secured from unauthorized access; (5) The opening of the beehive faces the most distant property line; (6) The opening of the beehive faces away from entrances and walkways on the premises to the exent possible while ensuring that the entrance faces the most distant property line; (7) The beehive structure is a pale color; and (8) The beehive is requeened at least once every two years. ("Beekeeping—Distance from Buildings"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Locational Requirements" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Dtv. 4 4 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0410 Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners It shall be unlawful for any person to place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain on land not owned or possessed by such person without first obtaining the permission so to do of the owner or person lawfully in possession of such land. ("Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0411 Beekeeping—Identification Signs Every person owning an apiary located on premises other than where he resides shall identify such apiary by a sign prominently displayed on the entrance side of the apiary stating, in black letters not less than one inch in height on a background of contrasting color, the name of the owner or person in possession of the apiary, his address and telephone number, or, if he has no telephone, a statement to that effect. ("Beekeeping—IdentificatiOn Signs"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0412 Beekeeping—Transportation It shall be unlawful for any person to transport hives of bees between sunrise and sunset, or cause the same to be done, unless such bees are confined to the vehicle by which such transportation is accomplished by screen or other equally effective means. ("Beekeeping— Transportation"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0413 Beekeeping—Fire Safety (a) An apiary comprising three or more beehives shall also include a firebreak not less than 30 feet wide around such apiary, which firebreak shall meet the following specifications: (1) Within the 10 foot wide area closest to the apiary, all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be cut or trimmed to a height not greater than six inches above the ground; and (2) Within the area 30 feet from the apiary and lying outside of the outside perimeter of the 10 foot wide area in subparagraph (1), all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be trimmed to a height not greater than 12 inches above the ground. (3) Subsections (1) and (2) shall not be construed to require the cutting or removal of individual live trees, unless such cutting or removal is required in writing by an officer or agency authorized by section 44.0417 to enforce section 44.0413. Ch. Art. Div. 4 4 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (4) Subsection (a) shall not apply if the apiary is maintained in a residential zone area unless the Fire Department determines that a firebreak is necessary to protect the public safety. (b) Every person owning, possessing or controlling an apiary comprising two or fewer beehives shall be required to locate the beehives within Brush management Zone One in accordance with San Diego Municipal Code section 142.0412 (Brush Management). ("Beekeeping—Firebreak"added 6-8-1917 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Fire Safety" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0414 Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials The following fire fighting materials shall be maintained, in good working condition, at all times when the apiary is attended by the keeper, sufficiently near the apiary so as immediately to be available in case of fire: (a) A shovel; and (b) A fire extinguisher, of either the 2 1/2 gallon water—under—pressure type or the 5 gallon back—pump type; provided, that a fire extinguisher, equally effective as those above mentioned, may be used if written authority is first obtained from an officer or agency authorized by Section 44.0417 to enforce this section. A garden hose may be substituted for a fire extinguisher, provided the hose is connected to a source of water. ("Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0415 Beekeeping—Bee Smokers A bee smoker, herein defined to mean an appliance utilizing smoke or fire in aid of the manipulation or transportation of bees, shall be used, if at all, in accordance with the following regulations: (a) The bee smoker shall be plugged, while being transported to or from an apiary, with a metal or hardwood plug; (b) All burning or smoldering substances within the bee smoker shall be completely extinguished with water before being transported to or from the apiary, or the bee smoker containing such substances shall be carried in a Ch. An. °". container which is securely fastened to the vehicle used for the transportation a a a y p thereof, San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (c) The container shall be used for the transportation of the bee smoker at any time that the bee smoker contains any burning or smoldering substance; (d) The container shall be metal and shall have a top or cover, made of the same material as the container,which shall be securely fastened in the closed position whenever a bee smoker is being transported. ("Beekeeping—Bee Smokers"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0416 Beekeeping— Water Supply for Bees Every person owning, possessing or controlling an apiary shall maintain within ten (10) feet of each apiary a supply of water which shall be equipped with a float valve or similar device which assures an adequate accessible and usable supply of water for the bees. ("Beekeeping— Water Supply for Bees"added 6-8-1977 by 0-1208.1 N.S.) §44.0417 Enforcement Any federal, state, district or city officer or agency that is charged with the duties of fire prevention or control is authorized, within the geographical limits of his or its jurisdiction, to enforce Sections 44.0413 through 44.0415 of this division. ("Enforcement"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0419 Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions The provisions of this division shall not apply to any apiary which is located and maintained within a school building or museum for the purpose of study or observation or which is located and maintained within a physician's office or laboratory for the purpose of medical research, medical treatment or scientific purposes. ("Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 R DEE17 F, CY "Alit , D L, E7EP1 In January 2012 the City of San Diego amended its Municipal Code to allow residents of single Family homes; community gardens, and retail farms to keep and maintain two beehives. The specific regulations are located in Chapter 4, Article 4, Division 4 of the Municipal Code and can be found by downloading the following: Chap 04 .art 04 DivAil- 04, Beekeeping BENEFI'ITS a Wbere you locate your • Fresh natural honey, apiary is determined by • Reduction in the number of aggressive (Africanized) 5 the number of hives bees in the vicinity of the docile honeybee hive. R ` and several factors • Reduced carbon footprint due to local production. related to distance • Increase in the population of docile honeybees. including zone Increased number of pollinators. setbacks. For specific Fresh honey can be used to alleviate some seasonal . information regarding allergies. 3 *gym the zone setback for your property go to RISKS the following link and type in your address: View The primary risk of beekeeping is bee sting. if you are your property by adtlre�s. going to keep bees you will get stung. A small percentage You will then receive the zone of the population is allergic to bee stings (estimates range name for your property. A link to"Mare form 2 to 5 percent of the population). if you do not Info° takes you to another page that directs know if you are allergic you should have a physician test you to the regulations for your zone. When you. If you are allergic you should not keep bees. The k viewing the regulations go to the Development docile honeybees that are permitted by this ordinance are Regulations Table for your zone and look up not aggressive. Beekeeping when done properly poses �., 'Setback. Requirements." You can also call very limited risks to surrounding properties or property the Development Services Department's owners. The following provide a way to reduce the risks: information line at (619) 446 5000, provide . Discuss beekeeping with your neighbors. your address, and request the name of • Open/manipulate hives only during favorable weather. your zone and the zoning setback . Survey your surroundings for neighbors and pets information. You will receive a before opening/manipulating the hive. return call with the information. . Face the hive opening away from entrances and .- walkways, and toward the most distant property line. • Even if you are not allergic consider getting an epi- y ce$ pen from your physician,so that one is always on hand. � a YA, d0. SUMMARY OF REGULATIONS FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS • A beekeeper shall register the apiary with the San Is a permit required to keep bees Diego County Agricultural Commissioner within Beekeeping in the City of San Diego 30 days of establishing the apiary. does not require a permit • An apiary of three or more hives must be at least however, as stated in the 600 feet from a building used as a residence and regulations beekeepers are 100 feet from the public right-of-way. required to register their • An apiary of one or two hives must be located hives with the County of outside of all setbacks, or fifteen feet from the San Diego Department property line and 20 feet from the public right-of- of Agriculture, Weights way, whichever is greater and Measures. • An apiary of one or two hives must do the My do bees siij q? following: • Locate the beehive in a secured area. Bees sting only to protect the hive. • Requeen the beehive every two years. • Locate the beehive so that it is not visible from Hou,far do boney bees fly to get food? the public right-of way. They can fly three to four miles to • Surround the beehive with a six-foot tall barrier collect nectar and pollen but generally no more unless it is at least eight feet above the ground. than one mile, Pou7 much boticy does a beebive produce? Ali On average a hive would produce approximately 25 pounds of honey a season. floa,long do bees live? Worker bees live about 40 days. A queen bee can live up to 5 years but for beekeeping purposes a queen is passed her prime at three years. The regulations require that the beekeeper replace the queen every two years. Are honey bees responsible for all plant poflinatioio Not all but most. Honey bees are responsible at least a third of all our food crops and even cotton crops. Other animals that pollinate include bats, -butterflies, and birds. OTHER INFORMATION RESOURCES Additional information regarding keeping and main- taining chickens can be found at the following web- sites. San Diego beekeeping Society www.sandiegobeekeepingsociety.corn. American Beekeeping Federation P, "Mr!T "MRxz" www.abfjiet.c)rg 2015 Residential Bee keeping Survey No Ccompletely Permitted Number of Minimum Distance Provide Fence Warning Other restrictions City Restrictions Banned Use Hives Lot size to buildings Water Required Sign San Carlos Yes 1 per 10k ft 10,000 ft 50 ft Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit,max of two hives. Corona Yes S00 ft Yes Yes County Ag permit,300 ft from road. Laguna Hills Yes >1 Acre County Ag permit. San Mateo Yes 1 County Ag permit,2 hives if>10,000 ft lot. Fremont Yes 1 6000 ft County Ag permit,5 hives if>10,000 ft lot. San Carlos Yes 2 10,000 ft 30 ft Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit. Santa Maria Yes 4 loft County Ag permit,8 ft high if>10 ft frm P.L. Sacramento County Yes 2 Rear yard Yes County Ag permit,15 ft from P.L. Napa Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit,6 ft screen at hive. Vallejo Yes 3 10 ft to P.L. Yes County Ag permit,40 ft from P.L. Chula Vista Yes 1 600 ft I County Ag permit,`omit if for educational use. i' i i I i w w r w z 0 x z 1 a 0 w O z IN THE CITY1 F a F .N. ADM I N ISTRATI , N OF z A URBAN HONEY BEES U W x F BY JENNA MOUCK, MCIP, RPP z y SUMMARY The plight of the honey bee has been making R9SUMt Le sort des abeilles a miel a fait la manchette the news around the world.The decline in honey bee partout dans le monde.Le declin des populations populations and increased public awareness around food d'abeilles et la sensibilisation accrue du public sur les 45 security issues has resulted in some governments taking questions de security alimentaire ont amene certains action on this important issue.This article briefly explores gouvernements a prendre des mesures dans cet important the broader headlines on honey bees and then focuses on dossier.Cet article explore brievement les manchettes sur o honey bees in urban settings,identifying what some les abeilles et se concentre ensuite sur les abeilles en " communities have done to enable the honey bee within milieu urbain.Il decrit les mesures prises par certaines municipal limits and providing guidance for other communautys pour mieux accueillir les abeilles et donne m municipalities that may be considering this.The des conseils aux autres municipalites qui songent a a educational opportunities associated with urban emboiter le pas.Les possibilites d'yducation liees a F beekeeping may indeed have some impact on the survival 1'apiculture urbaine peuvent en effet avoir un impact 3 of the larger honey bee population. sur la survie de la population d'abeilles en general. — a a a z INTRODUCTION The importance of honey bees is not debated.However,the reason for declining honey bee populations around the world a is.The result of recent honey bee population devastation is an increased awareness about both the importance of honey bees to the pollination of critical world crops and the reason(s)behind the collapse of colonies worldwide.The scientific community and commercial beekeepers have presented theories for this newer phenomenon and governments around the world have begun to take action to prevent further honey bee decline that is threatening a large number of crop species requiring pollination. L � , i �i :x s. i a r z 4 M a w neonicotinoid insecticides(neonics),more specifically,appear o HONEY BEES 101 z to be emerging as the root cause for honey bee decline. Honey bees are insects that eat nectar and pollen and According to a recent CBC News article,Dutch toxicologist a produce honey.While we won't get into specific details,we will Henk Tennekes stated,"When neonics are present,bees neglect a touch on some key facts relevant to this article.Honey bees to provide food for eggs and larvae,suffer from a breakdown z are social insects that live in colonies with a queen bee leading of navigational abilities because of impaired cognition and i a the hive and worker bees doing the heavy lifting,including experience lower immunity,making them more susceptible bringing nectar and pollen back to the hive and making honey. to infectious diseases and parasitic opportunists such as I F It is the act of feeding on and hauling pollen that results in the Varroa mites."" pollination of plants. A number of governments around the world are starting to F A honey bee visits an estimated 50 to roo flowers during recognize the issue and take action at a macro scale,however z one collection trip and a total of more than 2,000 flowers on the actions do not appear to be widespread or all inclusive W a good day—and that's just ONE bee'A typical healthy hive of the risks to honey bee populations,which will result in may contain up to 6o,000 honey bees during peak times.' continuing honey bee decline. ! Honey bees generally forage within 3 kilometres of their hive, li but have been shown to forage as far as 12 kilometres;at some """" '" ' "' " ' ' ' ' ' 46 BEES IN URBAN SETTINGS ipoint,however,the travel distance is no longer efficient.3 Honey bees are critical pollinators—they pollinate Let's now separate large-scale commercial honey production o approximately 70 per cent of crop species that feed go per cent and declining honey bee populations from bees in urban a of the world and are responsible for$3o billion a year in crops.+ settings.There have been reports of higher honey bee colony Examples of honey bee pollinated crops include apples,nuts, survival rates in urban settings,in addition to higher honey x summer fruits(such as blueberries and strawberries),alfalfa, yields."This could be due to a number of factors,including ' a guar bean(used in all kinds of products),5 coffee,and cotton.6 the lack of pesticide use on plants,closer attention of hobby zbeekeepers than commercial beekeepers,more mild winters in ................................................ . ...... : 3 "' ' sheltered urban settings,shorter honey bee hauling distances, RECENT MEDIA ATTENTION and/or greater varieties of plants. K Over the past decade,commercial beekeepers started Many municipalities across the country have taken a e reporting significant losses in hives. While it is not known position on whether bees are allowed within municipal limits. zexactly what is killing honey bees,the term colony collapse Let's take a look at what some municipalities that allow honey a disorder has been used to explain the phenomenon that occurs bees in municipal limits use as conditions;note that each 0. when the worker bees disappear,resulting in colony collapse.' municipality may use a bylaw,regulation or guideline—each There are a number of reasons presented in the media to of these tools has their own advantages and disadvantages but explain why honey bees are failing,including loss of habitat the content more so than administration and enforcement is or loss of flower diversity;parasites,pests,and pathogens; the focus of this article.The following concepts were taken long,harsh winters;and use of pesticides on crops 9 However, from a sampling of different Canadian communities,including Burnaby,Vernon,Maple Ridge,North Vancouver,Vancouver, been summarized from the various municipalities noted 1 New Westminster,Edmonton,and Saskatoon: previously,including: • Restriction to certain zones within the municipality; Areas—specific zones;proximity to certain zones/areas Restricted on lots within a specified distance of multi- Number of hives—allowable density;dependent on family dwellings or public spaces;Different restrictions in size of lot various areas,such as residential,commercial/industrial, Lot-specific restrictions—location on the lot;setbacks; community gardens,and rooftops. height;orientation • Restriction on the number of hives—generally dependent Lot-specific requirements—fencing;water source;sun on the lot size;Restriction on the location of hives— exposure;air flow generally limited to the rear yard. Beekeeper management responsibilities—good beekeeping • Specified minimum distances from the lot lines to ensure practices;requeening as required adequate space from neighbouring properties;Mandatory Notifications—neighbouring property owners minimum height of the hives to ensure flight paths are at a Training requirements height that doesn't interfere with neighbouring properties; Registration—consideration of density provisions Mandatory orientation of the hives to ensure flight paths Educational/awareness efforts for the public—benefits; are not directly through neighbouring properties; mitigation measures Mandatory fence(could be a natural fence,such as a hedge) W at a specified distance from the hives to ensure bees are CONCLUSION r flying up and away versus through neighbouring w properties;Mandatory fence or some other deterrent around Can the introduction of urban honey bees help combat the o x the hives to prevent disturbance by animals,as a rural bee population and contribute to critical crop pollination z disturbance may aggravate a hive and cause stings to the necessary for global food production?The simple answer is no. animal and/or neighbouring properties,or the hives may Crops requiring pollination won't generally be served by urban attract animals such as skunks or bears to residential areas. honey bees.However,the educational opportunities presented o • Beekeeper responsibility for aggressive bees to prevent by the introduction of urban honey bees may go a long way o swarming,as this ensures that bees are being taken care of in terms of awareness of insecticides and the effects on and adverse impacts on neighbouring properties are commercial beekeeping.It will take the masses to exert political E. avoided;Requirement for adequate sun exposure and pressure on governments and hold chemical companies z airflow for the health of the bees;Requirement for water accountable for the development of harmful products.■ on-site so that the bees aren't travelling to neighbouring m properties for pools or other features as a primary water HENNA MOUCK,MCIP, RPP,is from rural Manitoba and was part F supply;Mandatory notification to neighbouring properties of the family apiary growing up.She has an undergraduate degree w (not necessarily approval), ensuring that there is a dialogue in Environmental Design and a Master of Urban Planning from x F between neighbours and an awareness in case there are any McGill University.Jenna has worked in both the private and public z negative impacts that require further intervention;Training sectors across western Canada and specializes in infrastructure H w course requirement prior to establishing hives to ensure that development and public policy.Jenna can be reached at beekeepers are following the rules established by the iennamouck@hotmail.com. municipality and/or as a training opportunity to ensure - beekeepers are adequately caring for the new bee REFERENCES 47 population;Registration requirement,either 1. Illinois State University.(n.d.).The Honey Bee:Amazing Facts and Feats)Fact Sheet]. provincially or locally. Retrieved from http://www2.phy.ilstu.edu/-wenning/HIBA/bkcourse/amazing.pdf z.[bid. o • Communityawareness program on the benefits of urban British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture. 201 ,February).Bee Behaviour During N P g � 3• Y g ( 3 Y)• g Foraging(Fact Sheet).Retrieved from http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/apiculture/ honey bees and how to minimize any adverse impacts that W factsheets/m foraging.htm � may occur,such as attracting bees during the fall once 4.BBC-Future.(2014,May 4). What would happen if bees went extinct?[Article]. x flowers are no longer available. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/future/Story/201405o2-what-ifbees-went-extinct 5.Holland,Jennifer S.'The Plight of the Honeybee.'National Geographic News.(2013, a The only times urban honey bees seem to be making May to).Retrieved from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2o'3/13/130510- h the news is with positive news stories,such as educational honeybee-bee-science-european-union-pesticides-colony-collapse-epa-science/ z P 6.Arnold,Carrie.'Obama Unveils Plan to Reverse Alarming Decline of Honeybees." g opportunities in communities or hotels/restaurants keeping National Geographic.(2015,May rg).Retrieved from http-//news.nationalgeographic. — com/2o15/05/1505r9-pollinators-health-honeybees-obama-animals-science/ C a few hives for an on-site honey supply,or challenges to 7.Holland(2013) e municipal regulations or bylaws with residents advocating 8.United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service.(2015, z August 26).Honey Bee Health and Colony Collapse Disorder(News Article].Retrieved C for permitting bees in urban settings,which was recently P g g y from http://www.ars.usda.gov/News/docs.htm?docid=15572 z the case in a number of municipalities,such as the cities of 9•Health Canada.(2014,November 25).Update on Neonicotinoid and Pesticides and C Bee Health[Report].Retrieved from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/alt formats/pdf/ a Winnipeg and Revelstoke,as examples.The benefits appear to pubs/pest/fact-fiche/neonicotinoid/neonicotinoid-eng.pdf far outweigh the risks that honey bees pose in urban settings,if to.Thomson,Janet and Ahluwalia,Manmeet.'Bee crisis:Are mites or neonics the real culprit?'(2015,August 7).CBC News.Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/ managed correctly. technology/bee-crisis-are-mites-or-neonics-the-real-culprit-t.3r16368 If a municipality is considering allowing bees for the : 11.'Nilson-Rich,Noah.'Every city needs health honey bees'(Transcript].TED Talk. Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/talks/noah wilson rich every city_needs_ first time,there are a few key items to consider,which have healthy honey bees/transcript?language=en - CITY OF PALM DESERT DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT STAFF REPORT REQUEST: INITIATION OF A ZONING ORDINANCE AMENDMENT TO AMEND PALM DESERT MUNICIPAL CODE SECTION 25.10.030 - ALLOWED LAND USES AND PERMIT REQUIREMENTS TO ALLOW BACKYARD BEEKEEPING SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES. SUBMITTED BY: Tony Bagato, Principal Planner DATE: December 10, 2015 CONTENTS: City Council Staff Report, dated August 27, 2015 Recommendation By Minute Motion, initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment that would establish a Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance in single-family zones based on staffs research and recommendation. Discussion On August 27, 2015, staff presented a staff report to discuss the possibility of allowing backyard beekeeping in R-1 single-family zones. Based on the discussion, the City Council continued the matter and appointed Council members Jonathan and Harnick to a subcommittee to work with staff. On November 16, 2015, a subcommittee with staff, Council members, and three (3) residents meet to discuss backyard beekeeping. The committee discussed the decline of honey bees in the United States and how that decline is a threat to our ecosystem, agriculture production, and the food we eat. The committee discussed some of the ordinances that other California cities have approved that allows residential backyard beekeeping. The committee also discussed the potential issues related to bees (bee stings and swarming). However, the committee believed that the issues are more of a perception issue than a real threat to the community, and that there will be a great need for education related to any backyard beekeeping ordinance. Lastly, the committee briefly discussed a National strategy document that was produced by a Pollinator Health Task Force. President Obama established the Pollinator Health Task Force to address the serious decline of the honey bees over the past three (3) Staff Report Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance Initiation December 10, 2015 Page 2 of 2 decades. The document discusses the importance of pollinators in the United States, and strategies for promoting beekeeping at the Federal level. Based on the discussion, the beekeeping committee is recommending that the City Council initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment that would allow backyard beekeeping in R-1 single-family zones. If the City Council initiates the Zoning Ordinance Amendment, staff will research other ordinances and will work with the committee to prepare a draft ordinance. The draft ordinance will be reviewed by the Planning Commission for a recommendation, and the City Council will consider the draft ordinance for adoption at a later time. Submitted by: Tony Bagato, Acing Direc or of Community of Development Approval: t ' �n M. Wohlmuth, City Manager CITY COUNCILA,TION APPROVED, ✓✓ DENTED RECEIVED OTHER MEETJ 1 D AYES• NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: VERIFIED BY: Original on File with City rk's Office \\SRVfIL2K3\groups\Planning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports2OMBeekeeping Ordinance Discussion\CCSR_Beekeeping Ordinance iniliabon.docx �DATE_ [tVtLUt�rVItNI CITY OF PALM DESPA38E9+0 2 � E+,L'!i DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY STAFF REPORT REQUEST: CONSIDERATION OF A BACKYARD BEEKEEPING ORDINANCE IN R-1 SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES. SUBMITTED BY: Tony Bagato, Principal Planner DATE: August 27, 2015 CONTENTS: Proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance by Mr. Dan Olensnicky City of Santa Monica Beekeeping Ordinance City of San Diego Beekeeping Ordinance City of San Diego Beekeeping Fact Sheet Residential Beekeeping Survey Recommendation By Minute Motion, direct staff to: 1) Initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment that would establish a Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance in single-family zones based on staffs research and recommendation, or 2) Enforce the current prohibition of backyard beekeeping in single-family zones that do not allow it. Discussion On June 1, 2015, the City's Code Compliance Division received an anonymous complaint about a property owner who has two (2) beehives in the backyard of a single- family home located in an R-1 single-family zone. Currently, the Zoning Ordinance only permits beekeeping (apiaries) in the City's Residential Estate (RE) Zone and Hillside Planned Residential (HPR) Zone. Beekeeping is allowed in these two (2) zones because the residential lots are rural in nature and much larger (1 acre or larger) than a typical R-1 single-family zone. R-1 single-family lots range between 8,000 square feet and 20,000 square feet. In recent years, cities throughout the Western United States have started considering backyard beekeeping ordinances due to a mysterious bee population reduction and the corresponding pollination challenges. Staff Report Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion August 27, 2015 Page 2 of 2 Although staff believes that beekeeping is a benefit to the environment, a potential ordinance to allow them in R-1 single-family zones will come with controversy. Staff believes there will be opposition from property owners concerned about bee stings, swarming, and the belief that beekeeping should only be allowed in agricultural zones. The homeowner who currently has two (2) beehives in his backyard has provided a sample ordinance that the City could adopt. In addition, staff has provided example backyard beekeeping ordinances from the cities of Santa Monica and San Diego, and a beekeeping fact sheet from the City of San Diego. Staff contacted several local cities about residential beekeeping. The City of Palm Springs allows residential beekeeping as a Conditional Use Permit. The other cities staff contacted did not allow residential beekeeping. If the City Council believes backyard beekeeping should be allowed in R-1 zones, the City Council needs to initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment. Based on City Council direction, staff will present a draft ordinance with regulations based on other ordinances and potential issues related to backyard beekeeping. The Zoning Ordinance Amendment will require a public hearing and recommendation at the Planning Commission before the City Council considers the ordinance. If the City Council does not want to initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment, backyard beekeeping in the R-1 single-family zone will remain prohibited, and staff will enforce the prohibition. Submitted by: Department Head: Tony Bagato lLauri Aylaian Principal Planner Director of Community Development CITY COUNMA>E`!M APPROVED..wa■w.w .,.,. .1. PRIF Approval: RECEIVED OTHER MEET GD AYES kn Wohlmuth NOES:agerABSEN'Re Motion: 1) Continued the ABSTAIN: �.�ue to a date uncertain; 2) appointed VERIFIED BYt Councilmembers Aarnik and Jonathan orwnd an ilk Wn aw it -s Ott to a subcommittee with staff to research the issue and provide recommendation back to the Council. 4-0 GAPlarning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports\Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion\CGSR_Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion.dom Z 3y N OGESN/COY Proposed Backyard Beeping Ordinance. Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. Purpose. (1) The purpose of backyard beeping is to promote the hobby of beekeeping in a safe and sustainable manner, not for production of honey on a commercial basis. (2) Backyard beekeeping is a way to mitigate the decline in population of honeybee pollinators in the United States and in the Coachella Valley. (3) Improved pollination increases the local flower pollination resulting in the beautification of our landscape. It also increases the yield of local fruit trees and gardens in our city, thereby decreasing the dependence on outside farming and fossil fuels in our area. Indirectly this will decrease the city's carbon footprint and financial stress on our residents. (4) Reintroduction of more docile strains of honey bee can displace some of the Africanized strains of honey bees in the Palm Desert area. General Requirements. (1) The applicant shall be registered as a beekeeper with the County of Riverside Department of Agricultural Commissioner. (2) No more than one hive may be maintained on any residential property per each 2500 square feet of total property occupied by the residence. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees fly over a five-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Colonies shall be re-queened following any swarming or aggressive behavior. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee reliance on water sources of an adjacent property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit repeatedly aggressive behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Bees or hives do not conform to this code. (3) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (4) Improper management will be determined by a qualified beekeeper or beekeeping society in consultation. .4.04.130 Bees. Page 1 of 2 Santa Monica Municipal Code up Pregious Next Main Search Print No Frames Article 4 PUBLIC WELFARE, MORALS AND POLICY Chapter 4.04 ANIMALS 4.04.130 .Bees . . ._ ._............... _ . _..__.._ ...................... ... (a) Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger and more productive queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. (b) General Requirements. (1) Hives may only be maintained on single-family residential property. (2) No more than two hives may be maintained on any single-family residential property. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. (5) Any person intending to maintain any bee hive on any single-family residential property within the City must first register with the City's Animal Control Office. (c) Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees must fly over a six-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. (d) Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Hives shall be requeened at least once every two years to prevent swarming. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or private property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. (e) Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit defensive or objectionable behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Colonies of bees swarm. (3) Bees or hives do not conform to this Code. http://www.gcode.us/codes/santarnonica/view.php?topic=4-4_04-4_04_130&frames=on 7/2/2015 4.04.130 Bees. Page 2 of 2 A (4) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (f) Penalties for Violations. (1) Any person violating this Section shall be guilty of an infraction, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars, or a misdemeanor, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the County Jail for a period not exceeding six months or by both such fine and imprisonment. (2) Any person who violates any provision of this Section shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties pursuant to Chapter 1.09 and Chapter 1.10 of this Code. (3) The remedies provided in this Section are not exclusive, and nothing in this Section shall preclude the use or application of any other remedies, penalties or procedures established by law. (Prior code § 4112; amended by Ord. No. 2344CCS, adopted 1/11/11) View the mobile version. httn•//www nrocie rtc/ecujec,/cantamonica/view.nhn?tonic=4-4 04-4 04 130&frames=on 7/2/2015 i ` San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) Article 4: Disease Control—Nuisances Division 4: Beekeeping ("Beekeeping" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) §44.0401 Purpose and Intent It is the purpose and intent of this division to provide for the safe and orderly keeping of bees in the City of San Diego by establishing certain minimum standards for the keeping of bees to protect the public health, safety and welfare of the residents of the City of San Diego. ("Purpose and Intent"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0402 Definitions Any word or phrase used in this division and not herein defined shall be given the meaning established for such word or phrase by Chapter l of Division 13 of the California Agricultural Code. Whenever in this division the term"Commissioner" is used, it shall mean the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and regularly appointed employees of the San Diego County Department of Agriculture. ("Definitions" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0403 Provisions Supplement State Laws This division shall in all respects be construed to supplement and harmonize with the provisions of law of the State of California pertaining to bees and the beekeeping industry. ("Provisions Supplement State Laws"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 NS.) §44.0404 Registration Required Within 30 days of establishing an apiary the owner of the apiary shall register the apiary with the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and shall reregister in January of every year thereafter while in possession of the apiary. ("Commissioner May Enter Premises" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Registration Required" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S effective 3-23-2012.) Ch Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 ` San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0406 Permitted Bee Species Only docile Apis mellifera species (honey bees) shall be permitted by this Division. ("Notice of Violation" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Permitted Bee Species"and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0408 Beekeeping—Locational Requirements (a) An apiary consisting of three or more beehives shall be located no closer than 600 feet from a building used as a residence, other than the residence located on the same premises as the beehives, and a minimum of 100 feet from the public right-of-way. (b) An apiary consisting of two or fewer beehives may be maintained in accordance with the following: (1) The apiary shall be located outside of all required setbacks as established by Chapter 13, Article 1 of this Code, or fifteen feet from the property line and 20 feet from all public rights-of-way, whichever is greater; (2) A minimum 6-foot tall barrier shall surround the beehive leaving sufficient space to properly maintain the beehive except that the barrier shall not be required when the beehive is elevated at least eight feet above grade; (3) The beehive is not visible from the public right-of-way; (4) The beehive is in a location that is secured from unauthorized access; (5) The opening of the beehive faces the most distant property line; (6) The opening of the beehive faces away from entrances and walkways on the premises to the exent possible while ensuring that the entrance faces the most distant property line; (7) The beehive structure is a pale color; and (8) The beehive is requeened at least once every two years. ("Beekeeping—Distance from Buildings" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Locational Requirements" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 4 4 ' San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0410 Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners It shall be unlawful for any person to place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain on land not owned or possessed by such person without first obtaining the permission so to do of the owner or person lawfully in possession of such land. ("Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0411 Beekeeping—Identification Signs Every person owning an apiary located on premises other than where he resides shall identify such apiary by a sign prominently displayed on the entrance side of the apiary stating, in black letters not less than one inch in height on a background of contrasting color, the name of the owner or person in possession of the apiary, his address and telephone number, or, if he has no telephone, a statement to that effect. ("Beekeeping—Identification Signs"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0412 Beekeeping—Transportation It shall be unlawful for any person to transport hives of bees between sunrise and sunset, or cause the same to be done, unless such bees are confined to the vehicle by which such transportation is accomplished by screen or other equally effective means. ("Beekeeping— Transportation"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0413 Beekeeping—Fire Safety (a) An apiary comprising three or more beehives shall also include a firebreak not less than 30 feet wide around such apiary,which firebreak shall meet the following specifications: (1) Within the 10 foot wide area closest to the apiary, all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be cut or trimmed to a height not greater than six inches above the ground; and (2) Within the area 30 feet from the apiary and lying outside of the outside perimeter of the 10 foot wide area in subparagraph (1), all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be trimmed to a height not greater than 12 inches above the ground. (3) Subsections (1) and (2) shall not be construed to require the cutting or removal of individual live trees, unless such cutting or removal is required in writing by an officer or agency authorized by section 44.0417 to enforce section 44.0413. Ch. Art. Drv. 4 1 4 1 4 ' San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (4) Subsection(a) shall not apply if the apiary is maintained in a residential zone area unless the Fire Department determines that a firebreak is necessary to protect the public safety. (b) Every person owning,possessing or controlling an apiary comprising two or fewer beehives shall be required to locate the beehives within Brush management Zone One in accordance with San Diego Municipal Code section 142.0412 (Brush Management). ("Beekeeping—Firebreak" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Fire Safety" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0414 Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials The following fire fighting materials shall be maintained, in good working condition, at all times when the apiary is attended by the keeper, sufficiently near the apiary so as immediately to be available in case of fire: (a) A shovel; and (b) A fire extinguisher, of either the 2 1/2 gallon water—under—pressure type or the 5 gallon back—pump type; provided,that a fire extinguisher, equally effective as those above mentioned,may be used if written authority is first obtained from an officer or agency authorized by Section 44.0417 to enforce this section. A garden hose may be substituted for a fire extinguisher, provided the hose is connected to a source of water. ("Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0415 Beekeeping—Bee Smokers A bee smoker, herein defined to mean an appliance utilizing smoke or fire in aid of the manipulation or transportation of bees, shall be used, if at all, in accordance with the following regulations: (a) The bee smoker shall be plugged, while being transported to or from an apiary, with a metal or hardwood plug; (b) All burning or smoldering substances within the bee smoker shall be completely extinguished with water before being transported to or from the apiary, or the bee smoker containing such substances shall be carried in a 4 Arr. 4 container which is securely fastened to the vehicle used for the transportation a a a y p thereof, San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (c) The container shall be used for the transportation of the bee smoker at any time that the bee smoker contains any burning or smoldering substance; (d) The container shall be metal and shall have a top or cover, made of the same material as the container, which shall be securely fastened in the closed position whenever a bee smoker is being transported. ("'Beekeeping—Bee Smokers" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0416 Beekeeping—Water Supply for Bees Every person owning,possessing or controlling an apiary shall maintain within ten (10) feet of each apiary a supply of water which shall be equipped with a float valve or similar device which assures an adequate accessible and usable supply of water for the bees. ("Beekeeping— Water Supply for Bees"added 6-8-1971 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0417 Enforcement Any federal, state, district or city officer or agency that is charged with the duties of fire prevention or control is authorized, within the geographical limits of his or its jurisdiction, to enforce Sections 44.0413 through 44.0415 of this division. ("Enforcement"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) §44.0419 Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions The provisions of this division shall not apply to any apiary which is located and maintained within a school building or museum for the purpose of study or observation or which is located and maintained within a physician's office or laboratory for the purpose of medical research, medical treatment or scientific purposes. ("Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) Ch Art. Dtv. 4 1 4 1 4 E E P I N in the CITY OF S A N D 1 E I 0-__-_ In January 2012 the City of San Diego amended its Municipal Code to allow residents of single family homes, community gardens, and retail farms to keep and maintain two beehives. The specific regulations are located in Chapter 4, - t Article 4, Division 4 of the Municipal Code and can be found by downloading the ... ° d following: Chap 04 Art 04 Dig E34, fieekeep,nr. BENEFITS Where you Iocate your • Fresh natural honey. > apiary is determined by • Reduction in the number of aggressive(Africanized) the number of hives bees in the vicinity of the docile honeybee hive. and several factors 0Reduced carbon footprint due to local production. related to distance • Increase in the population of docile honeybees. e including zone • Increased number of pollinators. setbacks. For specific Fresh honey can be used to alleviate some seasonal information regarding allergies. the zone setback for 1 your property go to RJSKS ' the following link and type in your address: View The primary risk of beekeeping is bee sting. If you are V(}ur proper", b}, address. going to keep bees you will get stung. A small percentage You will then receive the zone of the population is allergic to bee stings (estimates range name for your property. A link to"More form 2 to 5 percent of the population). If you do not Info" takes you to another page that directs know if you are allergic you should have a physician test you to the regulations for your zone. When You. If you are allergic you should not keep bees. The docile honeybees that are permitted by this ordinance are viewing the regulations go to the Development not aggressive. beekeeping when done properly poses Regulations Table for your zone and look up very limited risks to surrounding properties or property "Setback Requirements. You can also call owners. The following provide a way to reduce the risks: the Development Services Department's information line at (619) 446-5000, provide • Discuss beekeeping with your neighbors. your address, and request the name of . Open/manipulate hives only during favorable weather. vour zone and the zoning setback . Survey your surroundings for neighbors and pets information. You will receive a before opening/manipulating the hive. return call with the information. • Face the hive opening away from entrances and walkways, and toward the most distant property line. • Even if you are not allergic consider getting an epi- pen from your physician, so that one is always on hand. .:x. �a.'.'�.Ad" 444 a 3.'p,, ..akae...u'� .-. �_>. .� .- ,.aZaaA.•. ��d. .:..� -.I. ..,r4,k .a,aa `'�". �' �.mk3L .aw ..,m-<..�- -'- v.Wsstta `•3 ...m> w``..eeuU-�s.` .••:• a _.yam rtwl,rtvdd..W4 ..1 SUMMARY OF REGULATIONS FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS • A beekeeper shall register the apiary with the San Is a permit required to keep bees? Diego County Agricultural Commissioner within Beekeeping in the City of San Diego 30 days of establishing the apiary. does not require a permit • An apiary of three or more hives must be at least however, as stated in the 600 feet from a building used as a residence and regulations beekeepers are 100 feet from the public right-of-way. required to register their • An apiary of one or two hives must be located hives with the County of outside of all setbacks, or fifteen feet from the San Diego Department property line and 20 feet from the public right-of- of Agriculture, Weights way, whichever is greater and Measures. • An apiary of one or two hives must do the 1Vb d b sting 7 following: yo bees rg Bees sting only to protect • Locate the beehive in a secured area. the hive. • Requeen the beehive every two years. • Locate the beehive so that it is not visible from How far do boney bees fly to get food J the public right-of way. They can fly three to four miles to • Surround the beehive with a six-foot tall barrier collect nectar and pollen but generally no more unless it is at least eight feet above the ground, than one mile. How much boney does a beebive produce? On average a hive would produce approximately 25 pounds of honey a season. How long do bees live? �Yjorker bees live about 40 days. A queen bee can live up to 5 years but for beekeeping purposes a queen is passed her prime at three years. The regulations require that the beekeeper replace the queen every two years. Are boney bees respor.siblc for all plant pollination? Not all but most. Honey bees are responsible at least a third of all our food crops and even cotton crops. Other animals that pollinate include bats, butterflies, and birds. OTHER INFORMATION RESOURCES Additional information regarding keeping and main- taining chickens can be found at the following web- sites. San Diego beekeeping Society www.sandiegobeekeepingsociety.com , j ,, • American Beekeeping Federation www.abfnet.or 2015 Residential Bee keeping Survey No Ccompletely Permitted Number of Minimum IDistance Provide Fence Warning Other restrictions City Restrictions Banned Use Hives Lot size to buildings Water Required Sign San Carlos Yes 1 per 10k ft 10,000 ft 50 ft Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit,max of two hives. Corona Yes 500 ft Yes Yes County Ag permit,300 ft from road. Laguna Hills Yes >1 Acre County Ag permit. San Mateo Yes 1 County Ag permit,2 hives if>10,000 ft lot. Fremont Yes 1 6000 ft County Ag permit,5 hives if>10,000 ft lot. San Carlos Yes 2 10,000 ft 30 ft Yes Yes IYes County Ag permit. Santa Maria Yes 4 10 ft I County Ag permit,8 ft high if>10 ft frm P.L. Sacramento County Yes 2 Rear yard Yes I County Ag permit,15 ft from P.L. Napa Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit,6 ft screen at hive. Vallejo Yes 3 110 ft to P.L. Yes County Ag permit,40 ft from P.L. Chula Vista Yes 1600 ft County Ag permit,*omit if for educational use. Y Mlm omc CITY OF PALM DES RO PP-3 ED 10 2ND REA01-. DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY STAFF REPORT REQUEST: CONSIDERATION OF A BACKYARD BEEKEEPING ORDINANCE IN R-1 SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONES. SUBMITTED BY: Tony Bagato, Principal Planner DATE: August 27, 2015 CONTENTS: Proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance by Mr. Dan Olensnicky City of Santa Monica Beekeeping Ordinance City of San Diego Beekeeping Ordinance City of San Diego Beekeeping Fact Sheet Residential Beekeeping Survey Recommendation By Minute Motion, direct staff to: 1) Initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment that would establish a Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance in single-family zones based on staffs research and recommendation, or 2) Enforce the current prohibition of backyard beekeeping in single-family zones that do not allow it. Discussion On June 1, 2015, the City's Code Compliance Division received an anonymous complaint about a property owner who has two (2) beehives in the backyard of a single- family home located in an R-1 single-family zone. Currently, the Zoning Ordinance only permits beekeeping (apiaries) in the City's Residential Estate (RE) Zone and Hillside Planned Residential (HPR) Zone. Beekeeping is allowed in these two (2) zones because the residential lots are rural in nature and much larger (1 acre or larger) than a typical R-1 single-family zone. R-1 single-family lots range between 8,000 square feet and 20,000 square feet. In recent years, cities throughout the Western United States have started considering backyard beekeeping ordinances due to a mysterious bee population reduction and the corresponding pollination challenges. a Staff Report Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion August 27, 2015 Page 2 of 2 Although staff believes that beekeeping is a benefit to the environment, a potential ordinance to allow them in R-1 single-family zones will come with controversy. Staff believes there will be opposition from property owners concerned about bee stings, swarming, and the belief that beekeeping should only be allowed in agricultural zones. The homeowner who currently has two (2) beehives in his backyard has provided a sample ordinance that the City could adopt. In addition, staff has provided example backyard beekeeping ordinances from the cities of Santa Monica and San Diego, and a beekeeping fact sheet from the City of San Diego. Staff contacted several local cities about residential beekeeping. The City of Palm Springs allows residential beekeeping as a Conditional Use Permit. The other cities staff contacted did not allow residential beekeeping. If the City Council believes backyard beekeeping should be allowed in R-1 zones, the City Council needs to initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment. Based on City Council direction, staff will present a draft ordinance with regulations based on other ordinances and potential issues related to backyard beekeeping. The Zoning Ordinance Amendment will require a public hearing and recommendation at the Planning Commission before the City Council considers the ordinance. If the City Council does not want to initiate a Zoning Ordinance Amendment, backyard beekeeping in the R-1 single-family zone will remain prohibited, and staff will enforce the prohibition. Submitted by: Department Head: Tony Bagato and Aylaian Principal Planner Director of Community Development CITY COUNC[LACTION APPROVED DENIED Approval: RECEIVED OTHER MEET G D AYES !71 hen M. ZhImuth NOES: ty Manager ABSEN%. r Minute Motion: I) Continued the ABSTAIN: sue to a date uncertain; 2) appointed VERIFIED BY: Councilmembers Harnik and Jonathan Original on File With City erk's Office to a subcommittee with staff to research the issue and provide recommendation back to the Council. 4-0 G\Planning\Tony Bagato\Staff Reports\Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion\CCSR_Beekeeping Ordinance Discussion.docx Y Proposed Backyard Beeping Ordinance. Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. Purpose. (1) The purpose of backyard beeping is to promote the hobby of beekeeping in a safe and sustainable manner, not for production of honey on a commercial basis. (2) Backyard beekeeping is a way to mitigate the decline in population of honeybee pollinators in the United States and in the Coachella Valley. (3) Improved pollination increases the local flower pollination resulting in the beautification of our landscape. It also increases the yield of local fruit trees and gardens in our city, thereby decreasing the dependence on outside farming and fossil fuels in our area. Indirectly this will decrease the city's carbon footprint and financial stress on our residents. (4) Reintroduction of more docile strains of honey bee can displace some of the Africanized strains of honey bees in the Palm Desert area. General Requirements. (1) The applicant shall be registered as a beekeeper with the County of Riverside Department of Agricultural Commissioner. (2) No more than one hive may be maintained on any residential property per each 2500 square feet of total property occupied by the residence. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees fly over a five-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Colonies shall be re-queened following any swarming or aggressive behavior. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee reliance on water sources of an adjacent property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit repeatedly aggressive behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Bees or hives do not conform to this code. (3) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (4) Improper management will be determined by a qualified beekeeper or beekeeping society in consultation. 4.04.130 Bees. Page 1 of 2 Santa Monica Municipal Code Up Previous I Next Main Search Print No Frames Article 4 PUBLIC WELFARE, MORALS AND POLICY Chanter 4.04 ANIMALS 4.04.130 Bees. (a) Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger and more productive queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. (b) General Requirements. (1) Hives may only be maintained on single-family residential property. (2) No more than two hives may be maintained on any single-family residential property. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. (5) Any person intending to maintain any bee hive on any single-family residential property within the City must first register with the City's Animal Control Office. (c) Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees must fly over a six-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. (d) Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Hives shall be requeened at least once every two years to prevent swarming. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or private property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. (e) Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit defensive or objectionable behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Colonies of bees swarm. (3) Bees or hives do not conform to this Code. httD://www.Qcode.us/codes/santamonica/view.r)hr)?topic=4-4 04-4 04 130&frames=on 7/2/2015 .4.04.130 Bees. Page 2 of 2 (4) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (f) Penalties for Violations. (1) Any person violating this Section shall be guilty of an infraction, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars, or a misdemeanor, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the County Jail for a period not exceeding six months or by both such fine and imprisonment. (2) Any person who violates any provision of this Section shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties pursuant to Chapter 109 and Chapter 1.10 of this Code. (3) The remedies provided in this Section are not exclusive, and nothing in this Section shall preclude the use or application of any other remedies, penalties or procedures established by law. (Prior code §4112; amended by Ord. No. 2344CCS, adopted 1/11/11) View the mobile version. httn-//www.acode.us/codes/santamonica/view.nht)?tonic=4-4 04-4 04 130&frames=on 7/2/2015 i San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) Article 4: Disease Control—Nuisances Division 4: Beekeeping ("Beekeeping" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) §44.0401 Purpose and Intent It is the purpose and intent of this division to provide for the safe and orderly keeping of bees in the City of San Diego by establishing certain minimum standards for the keeping of bees to protect the public health, safety and welfare of the residents of the City of San Diego. ("Purpose and Intent"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0402 Definitions Any word or phrase used in this division and not herein defined shall be given the meaning established for such word or phrase by Chapter 1 of Division 13 of the California Agricultural Code. Whenever in this division the term"Commissioner" is used, it shall mean the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and regularly appointed employees of the San Diego County Department of Agriculture. ("Definitions"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0403 Provisions Supplement State Laws This division shall in all respects be construed to supplement and harmonize with the provisions of law of the State of California pertaining to bees and the beekeeping industry. ("Provisions Supplement State Laws" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) §44.0404 Registration Required Within 30 days of establishing an apiary the owner of the apiary shall register the apiary with the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and shall reregister in January of every year thereafter while in possession of the apiary. ("Commissioner May Enter Premises" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Registration Required" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0406 Permitted Bee Species Only docile Apis mellifera species (honey bees) shall be permitted by this Division. ("Notice of Violation" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Permitted Bee Species"and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.: effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0408 Beekeeping— Locational Requirements (a) An apiary consisting of three or more beehives shall be located no closer than 600 feet from a building used as a residence, other than the residence located on the same premises as the beehives, and a minimum of 100 feet from the public right-of-way. (b) An apiary consisting of two or fewer beehives may be maintained in accordance with the following: (1) The apiary shall be located outside of all required setbacks as established by Chapter 13, Article 1 of this Code, or fifteen feet from the property line and 20 feet from all public rights-of-way, whichever is greater; (2) A minimum 6-foot tall barrier shall surround the beehive leaving sufficient space to properly maintain the beehive except that the barrier shall not be required when the beehive is elevated at least eight feet above grade; (3) The beehive is not visible from the public right-of-way; (4) The beehive is in a location that is secured from unauthorized access; (5) The opening of the beehive faces the most distant property line; (6) The opening of the beehive faces away from entrances and walkways on the premises to the exent possible while ensuring that the entrance faces the most distant property line; (7) The beehive structure is a pale color; and (8) The beehive is requeened at least once every two years. ("Beekeeping—Distance from Buildings"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Locational Requirements" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Drv. 4 4 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0410 Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners It shall be unlawful for any person to place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain on land not owned or possessed by such person without first obtaining the permission so to do of the owner or person lawfully in possession of such land. ("Beekeeping—Permission of Landoi ners"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0411 Beekeeping—Identification Signs Every person owning an apiary located on premises other than where he resides shall identify such apiary by a sign prominently displayed on the entrance side of the apiary stating, in black letters not less than one inch in height on a background of contrasting color, the name of the owner or person in possession of the apiary, his address and telephone number, or, if he has no telephone, a statement to that effect. ("Beekeeping—Identification Signs"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0412 Beekeeping—Transportation It shall be unlawful for any person to transport hives of bees between sunrise and sunset, or cause the same to be done, unless such bees are confined to the vehicle by which such transportation is accomplished by screen or other equally effective means. ("Beekeeping— Transportation"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0413 Beekeeping—Fire Safety (a) An apiary comprising three or more beehives shall also include a firebreak not less than 30 feet wide around such apiary, which firebreak shall meet the following specifications. (1) Within the 10 foot wide area closest to the apiary, all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be cut or trimmed to a height not greater than six inches above the ground; and (2) Within the area 30 feet from the apiary and lying outside of the outside perimeter of the 10 foot wide area in subparagraph (1),all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be trimmed to a height not greater than 12 inches above the ground. (3) Subsections (1) and (2) shall not be construed to require the cutting or removal of individual live trees, unless such cutting or removal is required in writing by an officer or agency authorized by section 44.0417 to enforce section 44.0413. Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4. Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (4) Subsection (a) shall not apply if the apiary is maintained in a residential zone area unless the Fire Department determines that a firebreak is necessary to protect the public safety. (b) Every person owning, possessing or controlling an apiary comprising two or fewer beehives shall be required to locate the beehives within Brush management Zone One in accordance with San Diego Municipal Code section 142.0412 (Brush Management). ("Beekeeping—Firebreak"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Fire Safety" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137N.S.; effective 3-23-2072.) §44.0414 Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials The following fire fighting materials shall be maintained, in good working condition, at all times when the apiary is attended by the keeper, sufficiently near the apiary so as immediately to be available in case of fire: (a) A shovel; and (b) A fire extinguisher, of either the 2 1/2 gallon water—under—pressure type or the 5 gallon back—pump type; provided, that a fire extinguisher, equally effective as those above mentioned, may be used if written authority is first obtained from an officer or agency authorized by Section 44.0417 to enforce this section. A garden hose may be substituted for a fire extinguisher, provided the hose is connected to a source of water. ("Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0415 Beekeeping—Bee Smokers A bee smoker, herein defined to mean an appliance utilizing smoke or fire in aid of the manipulation or transportation of bees, shall be used, if at all, in accordance with the following regulations: (a) The bee smoker shall be plugged, while being transported to or from an apiary, with a metal or hardwood plug; (b) All burning or smoldering substances within the bee smoker shall be completely extinguished with water before being transported to or from the apiary, or the bee smoker containing such substances shall be can:ied in a c4 A4`. °4. container which is securely fastened to the vehicle used for the transportation thereof; San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (c) The container shall be used for the transportation of the bee smoker at any time that the bee smoker contains any burning or smoldering substance, (d) The container shall be metal and shall have a top or cover, made of the same material as the container, which shall be securely fastened in the closed position whenever a bee smoker is being transported. ("Beekeeping—Bee Smokers"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0416 Beekeeping—Water Supply for Bees Every person owning, possessing or controlling an apiary shall maintain within ten (10) feet of each apiary a supply of water which shall be equipped with a float valve or similar device which assures an adequate accessible and usable supply of water for the bees. ("Beekeeping— Water Supply for Bees"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0417 Enforcement Any federal, state, district or city officer or agency that is charged with the duties of fire prevention or control is authorized, within the geographical limits of his or its jurisdiction, to enforce Sections 44.0413 through 44.0415 of this division. ("Enforcement"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0419 Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions The provisions of this division shall not apply to any apiary which is located and maintained within a school building or museum for the purpose of study or observation or which is located and maintained within a physician's office or laboratory for the purpose of medical research, medical treatment or scientific purposes. ("Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions"added 68-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 �Y DIFE FEPING in the C11Y OF SA D AN o ( In lanuary 2012 the City of San Diego amended its Municipal Code to allow residents of single family homes, community gardens, and retail F farms to keep and maintain two beehives. The F specific regulations are located in Chapter 4 Article 4, Division 4 of theMunicipal Code and can be found by downloading the --- "- following.. Chap {}> Art it Div � .: 04 Beekeeping. BENEFITS a: Where you locate your 0 Fresh natural honey. �� ' apiary is determined by Reduction in the number of aggressive (Africanized the number of hives bees in the vicinity of the docile honeybee hive. and several factors Reduced carbon footprint due to local production. related to distance • Increase in the population of docile honeybees. including zone • Increased number of pollinators. setbacks. For specific Fresh honey can be used to alleviate some seasonal information regarding allergies. the zone setback for your property go to RISKS the following link and � type in your address: 'View The primary risk of beekeeping is bee sting. if you are ;. your�+ropert�� by adclrrss. going to keep bees you will get stung. A small percentage You will then receive the zone of the population is allergic to bee stings (estimates range name far your property. A link to"More form 2 to 5 percent of the populations. If you do not Info" takes you to another page that directs know if you are allergic you should have a physician test you. If you are allergic you should not keep bees. The you to the regulations for your zone. When viewing the regulations go to the Development docile honeybees that are permitted by this ordinance are a Regulations Table for your zone and look up not aggressive. Beekeeping when done properly poses "Setback Requirements." You can also call very limited risks to surrounding properties or property the Development Services Department's owners. The following provide a way to reduce the risks: information line at (619) 446-5000, provide . Discuss beekeeping with your neighbors. your address, and request the name of + Open/manipulate hives only during favorable weather. your zone and the zoning setback • Survey your surroundings for neighbors and pets information. You will receive a before opening/manipulating the hive, rF� hr return call with the information. Face the hive opening away from entrances and F �3 walkways, and toward the most distant property fine_ 3 CA C Even if you are not allergic consider getting an epi- K �� ,p pen from your physician, so that one is always on �� hand. ax a � fay > '� ha` �aC)�� ogeN?gg r SUMMARY OF REGULATIONS FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS • A beekeeper shall register the apiary with the San fs a permit rewired to keep bees? Diego County Agricultural Commissioner within Beekeeping in the City of San Diego 30 days of establishing the apiary. does not require a permit • An apiary of three or more hives must be at least however, as stated in the 600 feet from a building used as a residence and regulations beekeepers are 100 feet from the public right-of-way. required to register their * An apiary of one or two hives must be located hives with the County of <<-- outside of all setbacks, or fifteen feet from the San Diego Department property line and 20 feet from the public right-of- of,Agriculture, Weights way, whichever is greater and Measures. • An apiary of one or two hives must do the Why do bees sting? ' following: Bees sting only to protect • Locate the beehive in a secured area. the hive. • Requeen the beehive every two years. • Locate the beehive so that it is not visible from Now far do honey bees�ly to r�et faod? �. the public right-of way. They can fly three to four miles to • Surround the beehive with a six-foot tall barrier collect nectar and pollen but generally no more unless it is at least eight feet above the ground, than one mile. How much honey does a beehive produce? On average a hive would produce approximately 25 pounds of honey a season. How long do bees live? � Worker bees live about 40 days. A queen bee can live up to 5 years but for beekeeping purposes , a queen is passed her prime at three years. The regulations require that the beekeeper replace the queen every two years. �,. Are honey bees responsible for all plant pollination I, Not all but most. Honey bees are responsible at least a third of all our food crops and even cotton . „ a craps. Other animals that pollinate include bats, � ref i . iylt; z �4a butterflies, and birds. OTHER INFORMATION RESOURCES Additional information regarding keeping and main- taining chickens can be found at the following web �g sites. San Diego beekeeping Society www.sandi ego beekeepingsoc iety.com • American Beekeeping Federation www.abfnet.org ' s v � ,., ., 4 2015 Residential Bee keeping Survey No Ccompletely Permitted Number of Minimum Distance Provide Fence Warning Other restrictions City Restrictions Banned Use Hives Lot size to buildings Water Required Sign San Carlos Yes 1 per 10k ft 10,000 ft 50 ft Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit,max of two hives. Corona Yes Soo ft Yes Yes County Ag permit,300 ft from road. Laguna Hills Yes >1 Acre County Ag permit. San Mateo Iyes 1 County Ag permit,2 hives if>10,000 ft lot. Fremont Yes 1 6000 ft County Ag permit,5 hives if>10,000 ft lot. San Carlos Yes 2 10,000 ft 30 ft Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit. Santa Maria Yes 4 10 ft County Ag permit,g ft high if>10 ft frm P.L. Sacramento County Yes 2 Rear yard Yes County Ag permit,15 ft from P.L. Napa Yes Yes Yes County Ag permit,6 ft screen at hive. Vallejo Yes 3 110 ft to P.L. Yes County Ag permit,40 ft from P.L. Chula Vista Yes 1 600 ft County Ag permit,*omit if for educational use. CITY OF PALM DESERT CITY MANAGERS OFFICE INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM To: Honorable Mayor and Members of the Palm Desert City Council From: John M. Wohlmuth, City Manager Date: June 29, 2015 Subject: Consideration of Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance Last week Dr. Dan Olesnicky came to my office to discuss the possibility of the City allowing backyard beekeeping in residential backyards through a Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance. Currently, the City Municipal Code does not permit apiaries in residential zones. This issue has been mentioned to City staff in the past, but has not been placed on a Council agenda for consideration. Cities throughout the Western United States started considering Backyard Beekeeping Ordinances due to a mysterious bee population reduction and the corresponding pollination challenges. This issue does not come without controversy. There will be opposition from families and neighbors concerned about bee stings, from those that believe beekeeping should happen in agricultural zones, and possibly from those concerned about increased traffic in residential zones due to selling of honey (could be addressed in a future ordinance). Dr. Dan Olesnicky currently has two hives in his backyard and has one neighbor complaining to Code Compliance. Dr. Olesnicky has provided me with sample ordinances and other related information. My question to Council is would Council wish to consider placing this item on the Council agenda? If so, please bring up the request on the July 9, 2015 agenda under Council Requests for Action. If this is done, then staff could prepare information for the next meeting on August 27, 2015. ou have any questions or would wish to review any materials, please contact me. d o?nM. Wohlmuth nager JMW/de cc: Lauri Aylaian, Director of Community Development Pedro Rodriguez, Code Compliance Supervisor Bagato, Tony From: Yazzie [atmanvenus@gmail.com] Sent: Thursday, September 03, 2015 8:12 PM To: Bagato, Tony Subject: Re: Very interested, let me know what I can do to help! Enjoy! On Sep 3, 2015, at 2:12 PM,<tbagato@cityofpalmdesert.org><tbagato c cityofpalmdesert.org>wrote: Yasemin, Thank you for your email about the beekeeping issue. I will be working with other staff to form a committee that will discuss this topic. I plan on having our first meeting early October, and I think it would be great to have you part of the committee. If you are interested, please contact me and I will let you know the committee time and place when we get closer to having our first meeting. Tony Bagato Principal Planner/Sustainability Coordinator Community Development Office Direct:(760) 776-6480 ,. 73-510 Fred Waring Dr.,Palm Desert,CA 92260 www cityofoalmdesert.ora ` Be Green! Please don't print this e-mail unless you really need to. Hi there, My name is Yasemin and I live in Palm Desert with my husband and three kids. I am writing to express my interest and volunteer my efforts in a recent discussion regarding the keeping of apiaries in the residential zoning of Palm desert. I actually keep bees, by accident.Two years ago I had a swarm of bees in my yard and instead of calling a removal service, at the same cost we researched a apiary, bought supplies and simply scooped them in. I did notify my neighbors directly where they reside and they agreed. I have since then assist regularly for a local removal service for bees and maintain some of their hives in Thousand Palms. I'm very interested in gardening, keeping laying hens and conservation in general. Please let me know if I may help in any way as it is a needed service that these ladies provide us all! Yasemin Atmanvenus@gmail.com (760)464-1089 Enjoy! 1 3gato, Tony From: Kraig Tambornini [Kraig.Tambornini@cityofsanrafael.org] Sent: Tuesday, January 12, 2016 11:03 AM To: Bagato, Tony Subject: RE: HCED Listserve Small-scale Backyard Beekeeping in Residential Zones We had come up with some standards etc but in response to local bee advocates we just made beekeeping permitted under our animal keeping regs. Attached our some resources we used and included below are some standards we proposed, but ultimately chose not to adopt: C. Bees. Keeping of bees on residential property shall be subject to review and compliance with the following standards: 1. The bee-keeping use shall be limited to Apis mellifera (European/western common honeybees) and must be an accessory use to a single-family dwelling; 2. The property owner must sign the application consenting to the bee-keeping use on the property; 3. The applicant shall notify all adiacent owners and occupants of contiguous developed property of the intent to keep honeybees at the subject property, and shall provide proof of notification to the community development department, planning division. 4. The maximum number of bee colonies (hives) that may be kept per single-family dwelling shall be limited to two (2) colonies on lots that are ten thousand (10,000) square feet and less in area, and four(4) colonies on lots greater than 10,000 square feet in area. 5. Permit holders shall operate and maintain the bee-keeping use in accordance with recognized best management practices that provide safe and healthy living conditions for the bees while actively conducting inspections of colony(s) and avoiding nuisance impacts on surrounding properties and persons (i.e., managing and controlling colonies to reduce occurrence of swarms) and protecting the public health, safety and welfare. 6. The applicant(s) shall submit written evidence that they have obtained bee-keeping training, which shall be subiect to the satisfaction of the community development director. 7. A convenient and adequate source of water shall be available to bee colonies on the property at all times. 8. Bee colonies shall be maintained in hives capable of inspection to determine compliance with these standards, and shall consist of moveable frames and combs. Hives must be maintained in a sound and usable condition at all times. 9. A bee hive box (colony) shall only be located within a fenced, private residential yard area generally located behind the residential dwelling unit. In no event shall a bee hive box be located less than ten feet(10')from any residential property line and less than twenty-five feet(25')from any dwelling unit on an adjacent property. 10. A barrier of at least six feet(6') in height consisting of a solid fence,wall and/or dense vegetation shall be installed and maintained between the bee hive colony(s) and all abutting properties. Fencing,walls and vegetation shall comply with the Fences and Walls regulations of Section 14.16.140. 11. Hive entrances shall face away from the nearest residential property lines . 1 Bee colony(s) shall be promptly and properly removed if the permit holder discontinues the bee keeping use on the property. 13. Bee keeping permits are issued to the permit holder at the specific location identified on the permit, and shall not run with the land. A new bee keeping permit shall be required for a new bee keeping use to be operated by an existing permit holder at a different location, or for a new permit holder to keep bees on a site that has been previously used for bee keeping. Kraig K Tambornini City of San Rafael Senior Planner 415-485-3092 1 r "Did you know that you can now check zoning for a property online. Please go to www.cityofsanrafael.org/zoning to find zoning for your property" From: HCED [mailto:hced-bounces@lists.cacities.org] On Behalf Of tbagato@cityofpalmdesert.org Sent: Tuesday, January 12, 2016 9:53 AM To: HCED@lists.cacities.org Subject: HCED Listserve Small-scale Backyard Beekeeping in Residential Zones Good morning, The City of Palm Desert is interested in establishing a backyard beekeeping ordinance in single-family zones. I am looking for any examples of small-scale backyard beekeeping for residential zones? Thank you. Tony Sagato Principal Planner/Sustainability Coordinator Community Development Office Direct:(760) 776-6480 r 73-510 Fred Waring Dr. Palm Desert CA 92260 www.cityofpal mdese rt.ora i ABe Green! Please don't print this e-mail unless you really need to. 2 Proposed Ordinance BACKYARD T.; BEEKEEPING March 19th, 2015 f Public Staff Hearing CPC-2015-578-CA ENV--2015-579-EAF z a� BEES • Concern for health of bees and impact on food system Backyard beekeeping legalized in .A -'0 cities around the country and world over the last several years • Allowing backyard beekeeping supports bees; regulating it t �` ensures health of bees and health and safety of human neighbors `F,.oS,Lti, h u y k boll BEEKEEPING IN LA •. Currently Allowed In: •• • Agricultural zones (Al, A2) • Industrial zones ( MR1) s6' , s • Public Facility ( PF) for educational purposes —MV.- Aft :- CITY COUNCIL MOTION CITY OF LGS ANGELES to City Council Motion introduced on May 12, 2012 M�r'�/Rr.rl��Cti ERC dRCr�. C�rY Ub F W,.Sy 18 2014 • City Council Motion directed TeAN ir,tereaed Par"" Planning to prepare a report, in as a„a-,�,,W covnG,Ffe No consultation with Animal Services, pL/WNING gryp Recomrry� � 4 iNSTRUC"a for Council ^ae a p arctice ro Ibaler a hea hP�yn pi �e No, reaa iry or regarding the feasibility of allowing ier as initiatedoon. beekeeping i n R z o n e s EE 1 Depart �—'P71 pnl C�pa^n by Mobon(R°ae^tlahl LeBonga) ResPe`„ ,S,,.t. MANAGE AVW C01kM1Ti a Pacecg to tosferna AeaelC kler pOe Ne to the feaaW 4ty ofalre a sport.in rnnsuttataro� PIANNING ANp 1ANU USE --!�� z Use Ma flemem ar>d p°Parlrr P oletion. bwmg beekeeping in!n,Wnes11 lhe as C°r^mlgee in city t days. Animal Services to report back to Planning and Land � ��ament. Ne°pmPkletl a finencica�ha��na_y�sis on this rap-1 dmingtalh a��er nor the Chiet I egielaliye Analyst has r 1�' ,y1 Yea YE8 CWNC6.ACTS- .Support pro Nj11 posal-Greg ENeW^^' .�7 OFFICIALU WG' LAG NnMth B`oNMmt [ Lake Balboa —�"^'r10eig CO- lI a.0�7 pel Rey Ne1q 9hborhood C 0d CONTIIVUEO T� �$. �, Mar YSta CpnhOpdCw cl Palms jieigLake t"'o Cotncll lAN t 4 2014" Silver Lake bad�Cil FEB �os� Wstueua> Cd a cll BCI grimly�ghbpr��nol \ Oman e�O RLd At a regular rneatidein Committee g hid on y Q`1 1Z2014� > beekeeping ill R, Motion (pao,Ihl 10 2013. Me plannin . �7f 4+L+-�� for public commenlRlne°nos es a p eqi�lu t LaBonga) relaryve go and Land Uae Mena Motion and direct the Comm' osier a lar the gemenl ```t; Council for as conaklerat detente to pp bBckdln�Mp Council Apr eul .,n tier'n oppPirt r•r{^l�x C days. This matter is nqy ro eano to the trim ,� T�+ s BEEKEEPING IN LA a Proposed to be Allowed In: • Single-Family Zones ° ( RA,. RE,, RS, R1) f L03,1 U 77 �- OTHER CITY/COUNTY ORDINANCES AS City of Santa Monica (2011) • 2 hives maximum per lot • At least 5 feet from all lot lines • 6 foot tall barrier, unless hive is 8 feet above grade • 1 violation in 4 years, no reported problems City of San Diego (2012) ao���o•sT9T� 1-2 hives: outside setbacks/15 feet from ROW, lot lines 3+ hives: 100 feet from ROW; distancing from neighboring lots, 600 feet from neighbors' residential buildings • 6 foot tall barrier, unless hive is 8 feet above grade F4 AW AINWVr- SUMMARY Regulations • Maximum number of hives • Minimum distances between hives and lot lines (neighbors) • Fence, wall or hedge between hives and adjacent lot lines '''' • Hive positioning ,► Guidelines r�. • Hive management (maintaining 7Ti� _ • .► ;;;,,,�.,,t� �` hives, providing water, Photo by Tristan Ferne/CC BY equipment storage, etc.) h Cs� R x q YDEP REGULATIONS SUMMARY Regulations • Register as beekeeper with County of Los Angeles • Maximum of one hive for every 2500 square feet of Lot area • Hives minimum 5 feet from lot lines, 20 feet from public right-of-way/private street • Hive entrances face away from or parallel to nearest lot line • 6 foot wall or vegetative barrier between hives and adjacent lots, or placement of hives minimum of 8 feet above grade (ground level) of adjacent lot Definitions Apiary The keeping or maintenance of Bees in a collection of Hives or colonies Bee Any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species Beekeeping, Backyard The keeping or maintenance of an Apiary in a Hive as accessory use Hive A structure for the housing of a bee colony E ' a JENUPP7, f 14: REGULATIONS SUMMARY Example:5,000 Square Foot Lot - - -- - - - - - — — - — — - — - - 3 — LOT LINE 2 I BEE HIVES I I WALL, FENCE OR HEDGE - - SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING 13 PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAY/PRIVATE STREET ALLOWED AREA I I II I II 5 ft I 5 ff 1 Maximum 1 hive per 2,500 square 2" --� I nn2 I O feet of Lot Area, facing away I Facing away I I from nearest lots lines from newest lots Imes Minimum 5 ft distance from hives to Front, Side, and Rear Lot Lines I II o I I O 6 ft wall, fence, or hedge between hives and nearest lot o L I line, or hives are placed at a mini- 4 I mum of 8 ft above ground level z , o ® Minimum 20 ft distance from hives N I to the public right-of-way or private street RIGHT-OF-WAY (R.O.W.)/PRIVATE STREET 9Q We,Ly No*To Scale ' ' V �GY9E911 �- PROPOSED GUIDELINES • Hives kept in sound and usable condition • Water source provided on lot where bees are kept, to discourage bee visitation at water sources on adjacent public or private property • Hive maintenance materials or equipment stored in sealed container or within building or enclosure NEXT STEPS • Last day to submit comments: Tuesday, April 14, 2015 • City Planning Commission (public hearing) : May 14, 2015 • Planning and Land Use Management Committee (public hearing) • City Council (public hearing) Ida i s 1 1 ■ QUESTIONS & COMMENTS Contact: Katie Peterson, City Planning Associate email katherine. peterson@Iacity. org phone: ( Z 13 ) 978- 1445 mail: 200 N. Spring St., Room 70 1 , M/S 395 Los Angeles CA, 900 1 Z Bagato, Tony From: Yazzie [atmanvenus@gmail.com] Sent: Thursday, January 21, 2016 8:28 PM To: Jonathan, Sabby; Bagato, Tony Subject: Fwd: Beekeeping Standards Looks great! You implemented everything we discussed, great job! My input agrees with Mr. Jonathan's with the exception of the fee seeming very high and does the fee double if resident has 4 colonies? Yes! Let this puppy go! Let me know if I can help in anyway. If this ordinance is past would a regular city inspector be handling this or would you need qualified personnel? Very excited Yasemin Sahlstrom! Enjoy! Begin forwarded message: From: <sjonathan@cityofpalmdesert.org> Date: January 21, 2016 at 10:09:26 AM PST To: <tbagato@cityofpalmdesert.org>, <jharnik@cit�ofpalmdesert.org>, <DanO@SWATFUEL.com>, <Anne@SWATFUEL.com>, <atmanvenus@gmail.com> Cc: <jwohlmuth@cityofpalmdesert.org> Subject: RE: Draft Beekeeping Standards Hi Tony, Great job with the draft ordinance! I've looked through several other ordinances, and it looks to me like you took the best provisions, and incorporated them into this proposed ordinance. A few thoughts/observations: Section B: My inclination is to not require a permit, nor a sign posted on the property. If there are nuisances or complaints, the ordinance provides a mechanism for dealing with it. That's just my thought. Section C.3.: I think the 2 colonies for properties under 10,000 square feet, and 4 colonies for properties over 10,000 square feet is fine. Section 3.4.: I would not include this provision,requiring written evidence of beekeeping training. I think to require the training is fine. But for the City to then track and administer it, to me, is an unnecessary burden, both on the resident and on the City. Section G.1. and G.2.: I found these two paragraphs confusing. They both seem to address violations and fines. Are they duplicative? Can they be combined into one paragraph? I also there should be a warning on the first offense, and that fines should only begin with the second offense. That's it! Hope it's helpful to you, Tony. If we need to meet, let's do it soon. If not, let's move 1 this puppy forward. And again, good work. Sabby Jonathan, CPA Council Member- City of Palm Desert From: Bagato,Tony Sent: Wednesday, January 20, 2016 5:14 PM To: Jonathan, Sabby; Harnik,Jan; 'DanO @ SWATFUEL.com'; 'Anne@SWATFUEL.com; 'atmanvenus @ gmail.com' Subject: Draft Beekeeping Standards Good evening, As a follow up to our previous meeting regarding backyard beekeeping in Palm Desert, I have prepared a set of draft regulations based on many ordinances I have reviewed and my conversations with the Riverside County Agricultural Commission's office. The document is attached to this email. There are several outstanding questions I have that we should discuss related to the ordinance. We may be able to address the questions through email, or we can schedule a meeting in a week or two to discuss this further. The main questions I have are covered in the document attached to the email, however, I will provide them in the email as well. My questions are: 1. Should we require a permit for beekeeping or just allow them out right? I have seen ordinance that allow them out right or with a permit. The County does not require a permit through the Agricultural Commission's office, so the permit will be through the City only. 2. One permit option is an Administrative Use Permit that requires approval by staff. There is a$500 fee and requires neighbor notification before the permit is approved. 3. If we do not require a permit, do we want the beekeeper to notify adjacent neighbors of the activity? 4. Some ordinances require a sign posted on the posted the property. Do we want that in the standards? I look forward to your comments. 2 [cid:image003.png@O1D t�SA6.02960E00] Tony Bagato Principal Planner/Sustainability Coordinator Community Development Office Direct: (760) 776-6480 73-510 Fred Waring Dr., Palm Desert, CA 92260 www.cityofpalmdesert.org<http://www.cityofpalmdesert.or,g/> P Be Green! Please don't print this e-mail unless you really need to. 3 Bagato, Tony From: Yazzie [atmanvenus@gmail.com] Sent: Thursday, January 21, 2016 8:28 PM To: Jonathan, Sabby; Bagato, Tony Subject: Fwd: Beekeeping Standards Looks great! You implemented everything we discussed, great job! My input agrees with Mr. Jonathan's with the exception of the fee seeming very high and does the fee double if resident has 4 colonies? Yes! Let this puppy go! Let me know if I can help in anyway. If this ordinance is past would a regular city inspector be handling this or would you need qualified personnel? Very excited Yasemin Sahlstrom! Enjoy! Begin forwarded message: From: <sjonathanacityofpalmdesert.org> Date: January 21, 2016 at 10:09:26 AM PST To: <tbagato cr cityofpalmdesert.org>, <jharnik a,cityofpalmdesert.org>, <Dan0a,SWATFUEL.com>, <Anne@SWATFUEL.com>, <atmanvenuskgmail.com> Cc: <jwohlmuth@cityfpalmdesert.org> Subject: RE: Draft Beekeeping Standards Hi Tony, Great job with the draft ordinance! I've looked through several other ordinances, and it looks to me like you took the best provisions, and incorporated them into this proposed ordinance. A few thoughts/observations: Section B: My inclination is to not require a permit, nor a sign posted on the property. If there are nuisances or complaints, the ordinance provides a mechanism for dealing with it. That's just my thought. Section C.3.: I think the 2 colonies for properties under 10,000 square feet, and 4 colonies for properties over 10,000 square feet is fine. Section 3.4.: I would not include this provision, requiring written evidence of beekeeping training. I think to require the training is fine. But for the City to then track and administer it, to me, is an unnecessary burden, both on the resident and on the City. Section G.1. and G.2.: I found these two paragraphs confusing. They both seem to address violations and fines. Are they duplicative? Can they be combined into one paragraph? I also there should be a warning on the first offense, and that fines should only begin with the second offense. i • ti That's it! Hope it's helpful t_ ,_,u, Tony. If we need to meet, let's do .. -)on. If not, let's move this puppy forward. And again, good work. Sabby Jonathan, CPA Council Member- City of Palm Desert From: Bagato, Tony Sent: Wednesday, January 20, 2016 5:14 PM To: Jonathan, Sabby; Harnik, Jan; 'DanO(kSWATFUEL.com; 'AnnegSWATFUEL.com'; 'atmanvenusggmail.co m' Subject: Draft Beekeeping Standards Good evening, As a follow up to our previous meeting regarding backyard beekeeping in Palm Desert, I have prepared a set of draft regulations based on many ordinances I have reviewed and my conversations with the Riverside County Agricultural Commission's office. The document is attached to this email. There are several outstanding questions I have that we should discuss related to the ordinance. We may be able to address the questions through email, or we can schedule a meeting in a week or two to discuss this further. The main questions I have are covered in the document attached to the email, however, I will provide them in the email as well. My questions are: 1. Should we require a permit for beekeeping or just allow them out right? I have seen ordinance that allow them out right or with a permit. The County does not require a permit through the Agricultural Commission's office, so the permit will be through the City only. 2. One permit option is an Administrative Use Permit that requires approval by staff. There is a$500 fee and requires neighbor notification before the permit is approved. 3. If we do not require a permit, do we want the beekeeper to notify adjacent neighbors of the activity? 4. Some ordinances require a sign posted on the posted the property. Do we want that in the standards? I look forward to your comments. 2 [cid:image003.png@O 1 D 153 A6.02960E001 Tony Bagato Principal Planner/ Sustainability Coordinator Community Development Office Direct: (760) 776-6480 73-510 Fred Waring Dr., Palm Desert, CA 92260 www.cityo fpalmdesert.org<http://www.cityo fpalmdesert.org/> P Be Green! Please don't print this e-mail unless you really need to. 3 OF� d-{ DEPARTMENT OF CITY PLANNING RECOMMENDATION REPORT NpE CITY PLANNING COMMISSION CASE NO: CPC-2015-578-CA DATE: May 14, 2015 COUNCIL FILES: 12-0785 TIME: after 8:30 a.m.` CEQA: ENV-2015-579-CE PLACE: Los Angeles City Hall LOCATION: Citywide 200 North Spring Street COUNCIL DISTRICT: All Room 350 PLAN AREAS: All Los Angeles, CA 90012 PUBLIC HEARING HELD ON: March 19, 2015 SUMMARY: A proposed ordinance (Appendix A) amending Sections 12.03, 12.07, 12.07.01, 12.07.1, and 12.08 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code (LAMC) to establish new regulations for backyard beekeeping on single-family residential zoned properties (RA, RE, RS, R1). RECOMMENDED ACTIONS: 1. Adopt the staff report as its report on the subject. 2. Approve and Recommend that the City Council Adopt the amendments to the LAMC as detailed in the proposed Ordinance (Appendix A). 3. Find that the Project is Categorically Exempt from CEQA pursuant to Section 15061(b)(2), and 15303 (Class 3), New Construction or Conversion of Small Structures and 15308 (Class 8), Actions by Regulatory Agencies for Protection of the Environment (Exhibit B). 3. Adopt the attached Findings. MICHAEL J. LOGRANDE Director of Plar)r4i TOM ROTHMANN, Senior City Planner KATHERINE PETERSON, Planning Associate ~ (213) 978-1445 RI L I er JAIME-F8P~INbZA"_ ~u Student Professional Worker ADVICE TO PUBLIC: `The exact time this report will be considered during the meeting is uncertain since there may be several other items on the agenda. Written communication may be mailed to the Commission Secretariat, 200 North Main Street, Room 272, Los Angeles, CA 90012(Phone No. 213/978-1300). While all written communications are given to the Commission for consideration, the initial packets are sent a week prior to the Commission's meeting date. If you challenge these agenda items in court, you may be limited to raising only those issues you or someone else raised at the public hearing agendized herein, or in written correspondence on these matters delivered to this agency at or prior to the public hearing. As a covered entity under Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act, the City of Los Angeles does not discriminate on the basis of disability, and upon request, will provide reasonable accommodation to ensure equal access to these programs, services, and activities. Sign language interpreters, assistive listening devices, or other auxiliary aids and/or other services may be provided upon request. To ensure availability of services, please make your request no later than three working days(72 hours)prior to the meeting by calling the Commission Secretariat at 2131978-1300. CPC-2015-578-CA 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PROJECTANALYSIS...................................................................................................................3 ProjectSummary.......................................................................................................................3 Background ...............................................................................................................................3 Discussion.................................................................................................................................5 Issues........................................................................................................................................6 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................10 Findings ......................................................................................................................................12 GeneralPlan/Charter Findings................................................................................................12 CEQAFindings........................................................................................................................13 Delegation of City Planning Commission Authority.................................................................14 Public Hearings and Communications........................................................................................15 PublicOutreach.......................................................................................................................15 PublicHearings .......................................................................................................................17 References..................................................................................................................................19 Appendix: A— Proposed Ordinance Provisions (as revised after 3/19/2015) Exhibits: A— Notice of Exemption & CEQA Narrative ENV-2015-579-CE B — CORRECTED: Council Motion, CF No. 12-0785 C — Map: Where Beekeeping is Currently Allowed D— Map: Areas Affected by Proposed Ordinance E — Map: All Areas Where Beekeeping Would be Allowed F— Other Cities' Beekeeping Regulations Attachment: A— The Great Sunflower Project Data Chart CPC-2015-578-CA PROJECT ANALYSIS Project Summary To promote Los Angeles' green and healthy community goals, and to support the backyard beekeeping movement, the proposed ordinance (Appendix A) amends the LAMC to define terms and set forth regulations for beekeeping on single-family lots. The intent of the LAMC to allow beekeeping in certain zones is clear in its listing of "Apiary" as an allowed use in three zones (Al, A2, MR1), but not in others. The proposed ordinance includes definitions for "Apiary" and "Backyard Beekeeping" to differentiate between the existing beekeeping (Apiary) that is allowed in Al, A2, and MR1 zones from the proposed beekeeping in single-family zones (RA, RE, RS, R1 zones). Exhibit D illustrates the single-family zoned neighborhoods, in which this proposed ordinance would allow Backyard Beekeeping. While the proposed ordinance maintains the current Apiary use in the Al, A2, and MR1 zones (as shown in Exhibit C), new standards for Backyard Beekeeping in single-family zones would apply due to the smaller lot sizes and different set of allowed uses in order to minimize bee/human conflicts. The proposed ordinance also includes definitions for "Bee" and "Hive" for clarity in reference to beekeeping terms. Currently, the City allows Apiaries (beekeeping) by-right, including larger-scale commercial beekeeping in Al, A2, and MR1 Zones for research purposes (Exhibit C). However, the LAMC does not define "Apiary", and apiaries are not allowed in residential zones, which comprise a significant portion of the land area of the City, where vegetation and gardens need pollination, and where there is an interest among residents to keep bees. Background Initiation With a growing interest in supporting the dwindling bee population and in the by-products of beekeeping, community members in support of allowing small-scale, "hobby" beekeeping in residential zones requested City Council members to initiate beekeeping as an allowed use in residential zones. The Mar Vista Community Council (Council District 11) demonstrated interest in legalizing beekeeping in Los Angeles, evident in the completion of an Urban Beekeeping Feasibility Study for Mar Vista. Included in that study is a suggested City Council motion toward that end. Council members Rosendahl and LaBonge introduced a Motion at City Council on May 25, 2012 (CF 12-0785) directing Department of City Planning (DCP) staff to report, in consultation with the Department of Animal Services, on the feasibility of allowing beekeeping in R1 zones as a practice to foster a healthier bee population. On December 14, 2013, the Planning and Land Use Management Committee of City Council referred this Motion to City Council. On February 12, 2014, City Council adopted the Motion, as amended, to include all residential CPC-2015-578-CA zones, rather than the initially-proposed R1 zones. DCP staff shared the proposed ordinance with Departments of Building and Safety and Animal Services. Some questions and concerns by the public focused on potential for bee "overpopulation", resulting in more bees in the environment and an increase in visits by bees to neighbors' yards to forage for food. Other questions and concerns were focused on potential for aggression by bees with neighbors, especially during swarming and foraging for food, resulting in stings. There were also concerns raised about Africanized bees and the increased danger of stings. This proposed ordinance, like many other cities' ordinances, defines "Bee" as Apis Mellifera species, which are non- aggressive honey bees, including subspecies of European honey bees and Africanized honey bees. The difference between European honey bees and Africanized honey bees of the Apis Mellifera species, in terms of potential for increased risk of bee stings, is that European honey bees Apis Mellifera-Honey Bee allow a closer proximity to their hives before acting in defense by stinging than Africanized honey bees, although both are non-aggressive (Donaldson-Matasci'). Worker bees typically travel in about a mile radius around the hive several times each day to forage for food. With 8-10 feral hives per square mile already in our environment, some have been concerned that any additional bee population through backyard beekeeping will result in more encounters between bees and humans. A shortage of forage for bees is not a concern with backyard beekeeping (Donaldson-Matasci'). Three points are important in understanding why food shortage and bee aggression are not a concern with backyard beekeeping: 1) feral bees relocate, as necessary, to find adequate food, so that the overall bee population essentially self-regulates according to food supply (Donald son-Matasci'); 2) honey bees may sting in self-defense of their hive if it is approached, and do not become defensive or aggressive or have reason to sting while collecting food; and 3) Los Angeles has an abundance of forage available year-round due to our climate, as opposed to other cities that have more severe seasons and periods of the year with very limited or no forage available. According to The Great Sunflower Project2, cited by biologist Wilson-Rich, frequency of visits by bees to specific plants indicated that there actually is an abundance of food. If anything, there is a shortage of bees, based on the limited number of times bees visited any given flower within a set period of time in different locations (Wilson-Rich3). Another main concern raised by some was "swarming". Comments regarding swarming seem to come from the understanding that swarming is when a crowd of bees is traveling or has located in a particular location and seem to be feared for potential of an attack with stings. Beekeepers CPC-2015-578-CA and biologists consulted, alike, clarify that swarming is the mechanism by which a beehive that has grown too big in population splits into two, when a new queen emerges, leaving with approximately half of the worker bee population. The "swarming" is the split-off group of bees that temporarily rest in an intermediate location, such as a tree, for usually a day or two while locating a new hive. During this time, as they do not have a home/hive to defend, they do not act in self-defense by stinging. The only problem swarms can present is when they move into a house (Donaldson-Matasci'). According to beekeepers and bee scientists, having more beekeepers provides a resource in addressing any potential issues that may arise with both backyard bees and feral bees, as they can respond to relocate or calm bees. Discussion Staff researched model backyard beekeeping regulations and guidelines in other cities, including two in southern California, as well as an interview with a city planner in one of those cities (Santa Monica, where housing density and lot sizes in their single-family zones are 5,000 square feet, the minimum lot size for the R1 zone in Los Angeles), consulted with the Los Angeles County Agricultural Commissioner, and with two biologists specializing in bee research. Staff also conducted two meetings with stakeholders (more details included in "Community Outreach" section of this report) to present preliminary conceptual regulations and guidelines, and subsequently incorporated some changes to those concepts based on feedback received. The proposed ordinance (Appendix A) creates two new definitions, and a set of regulations for Backyard Beekeeping. Proposed definitions for "Apiary" and "Backyard Beekeeping" serve the purpose of differentiating between the existing allowed Apiary use in Al, A2, and MR1 zones, and the proposed allowable accessory Backyard Beekeeping in single-family zones. Leaving the existing Apiary term and allowed use applicable to Al, A2, and MR1 zones, the proposed ordinance provides a set of standards for Backyard Beekeeping in the single-family residential zones (RA, RE, RS, R1.) The initial proposed ordinance presented at the Staff Hearing referred to a set of two Guidelines which has been eliminated, and included a standard regarding defensive bee behavior. The proposed ordinance has been revised, as presented in this report (as shown on page 5 and Appendix A), to include: 1) provision of a water source in the regulatory standards of the ordinance rather than in the initially proposed Guidelines, and 2) removal of the standard regarding defensive or aggressive bee behavior. The second guideline, regarding storage of beekeeping equipment, was removed altogether. The proposed zoning regulations are designed to minimize encounters between bees and humans. Fence or hedge barriers or grade difference, and hive entrance orientation away from lot lines would serve to generally direct bees, in their flight pattern, up and out to forage, rather than at human-level (Donaldson-Matasci'). The regulation about providing a water source on- site, especially in Los Angeles where water sources are not as frequent as some other cities and areas of the country, for the beehive similarly discourages bees from seeking out water sources in neighbors' yards. According to biologist Wilson-Rich3, the risk of getting stung is limited to the beekeeper, who is actually touching the hive. A five-foot setback from the CPC-2015-578-CA i neighboring lot lines is commonly suggested to minimize any risk, but functionally, he asserts, that is adequate space to keep neighbors safe from bee stings. Example:5.000 Square Foot Lot r - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � ._ .— LOT LINE 3 BEE HIVES WALL.FENCE OR HEDGE 3 � , SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAYiPRIVATE STREET ALLOWED AREA 5 WATER SOURCE I O Maximum 1 hive per 2,500 square i feet of Lot Area, facing away from I 2 2 I nearest Lot Lines I I Q Minimum 5 ft distance from hives to I ' Front, Side, and Rear Lot Lines I 16 ft wall. fence, or hedge between I I hives and nearest lot line, or hives I I are placed at a minimum of 8 ft I 4 l above ground level I ® Minimum 20 ft distance from hives to the public right-of-way or private street RIGHT-OF-WAY(R.O W),'PRIVATE STREET U Water source provided at all times Figure 1:Diagram of Proposed Regulations Issues The proposed ordinance includes changes to the preliminary proposal, following input from stakeholders that was received during the two meetings staff held in January of 2015, at the Staff Hearing on March 19, 2015 and during the Public Comment period (see Public Hearings and Communications section for more details). Public comments submitted to staff during the Staff Hearing and through email and mail since the public hearing, were generally positive and in support of the proposed ordinance as it is. Some comments were supportive, but included suggestions for changes. A minority of comments submitted were in opposition. The following summary of issues raised in public comments focuses specifically on the questions, concerns, and suggestions about the proposed ordinance, and includes staff responses. CPC-2015-578-CA 7 Requirements of Beekeepers "There should be requirements of backyard beekeeping applicants, including, for example, completing a background check, educational and training requirements or written test and meeting literacy, financial responsibility, physical and mental capacity, insurance, and minimum age requirements." (There were also comments both in favor of land use entitlements for backyard beekeeping and against it.) Such requirements of backyard beekeepers fall outside the purview of Planning, both in topic and regulation. The County of Los Angeles Agricultural Commissioner requires all beekeepers within the County to register as such. Zoning is limited to the use of the land and physical features on-site related to the accessory use. The proposed regulations address features such as a barrier, orientation of the hive and setbacks from lot lines and public rights-of-way (as shown in Figure 1 and Appendix A), and the provision of a water source, which could be enforced by Department of Building and Safety. The proposed ordinance adds Backyard Beekeeping as an allowed accessory use on single-family lots, which would not require any review or entitlement process. Bees and Bee Behavior Food Source and Bee "Population,. "Backyard beekeeping could create an overpopulation of bees, leading to more bee interactions with humans and inadequate food source for both backyard and feral bees. A food source for bees should be required." Bee foraging behavior and needs are covered under the "Bee Biology Basics" section of this report. The proposed ordinance does not recommend providing a food source, based on consultations with biologists, Donaldson-Matasci' and Wilson-Rich 3, as an abundance of forage is available in southern California. Bees forage within a wide radius, and bees tend to self-regulate their population, by relocating, as necessary, for food. Human and Animal Safet !fifth and Bee.Allerie "Backyard beekeeping will lead to an increase in bee sting risk, especially dangerous to those with allergies to bees, and allowing Africanized bees. Definition of objectionable or defensive behavior should be more clearly defined." Bee behavior facts provided in the "Bee Biology Basics" section of this report, informed by biologists specializing in bees and bee behavior, and the proposed regulations (as shown in Figure 1 and Appendix A) intended to minimize bee-human interactions, serve to alleviate concerns about risk of bee stings with the proposed Backyard Beekeeping on single-family lots. "Africanized bees should not be allowed due to increased risk of stings." CPC-2015-578-CA and "Africanized honey bees and other non-aggressive bees should be included in the definition of"Bee". The proposed ordinance includes a definition of "Bee" as Apis Mellifera, which is the species of bee that is commonly allowed for backyard beekeeping in many other cities. This species is a non-aggressive honey bee, which includes both European and Africanized honey bees. More information about these bees and their defensive behavior is discussed in the "Bee Biology Basics" section of this report. "Does storage of queen bees before distribution fall under ordinance?" Any bee being kept on a single-family lot would be considered beekeeping. Number of Hives "There should be a maximum number of hives allowed on a lot, where, under the proposed regulations, larger lots would allow a significant number of hives." The proposed number of Hives allowed is one per 2,500 square-feet (as shown in Figure 1 and Appendix A), and is based on regulations typical of other cities' single- family lot regulations for backyard beekeeping, which allow two Hives per lot on what are typically 5,000 square foot lots. In the City of Los Angeles, the minimum lot size for R1 is 5,000 square feet, with more variable lot sizes than the cities researched (i.e. Santa Monica, where single-family lots are 5,000 square feet). Hive Distancing,"Location "Distance from lot lines could be reduced or eliminated if a barrier is present, and from right-of-way it is not important with an elevation difference; elevation difference requirement should be eliminated; allow the hive entrance to face adjacent lot lines if a barrier is present. Minimum distance from schools, parks, churches should be considered." The proposed minimum distance/setbacks from lot lines (as shown in Figure 1 and Appendix A) are based on best practices of other cities with similar ordinances that have been in place for several years and in consultation with biologists regarding bee behavior and likely flight patterns. These measures serve to direct bee flight away from a neighbor's property (and overhead) and to impose a minimum distance of hives from adjacent properties (to implement a distance from the hives as a means of reducing potential for defensive behavior on the part of bees of their hives). "Beekeepers should be required to maintain healthy and non-aggressive gene stock and to prevent infectious diseases by purchasing queens from other areas, and beekeeping associations should educate beekeepers about keeping good Hives." CPC-2010-578-CA c' and "Beekeepers should not be required to purchase bees or queens, as this would be cost prohibitive and a financial burden to many." Requiring the purchase of bees is not a land use and zoning issue. Barrier "A barrier is not important if the lot is large or if there is an elevation difference to the adjacent lot or right-of-way." Based on best practices of other cities with similar ordinances that have been in place for several years, and in consultation with biologists regarding bee behavior and likely flight patterns, staff recommend the proposed barrier with minimum height or eight-foot grade difference (as shown in Figure 1 and Appendix A). Regulations vs. Guidelines "Guidelines should be regulations, or adopted concurrently with/as part of the ordinance, to ensure that they are enforced and do not face the risk of changing with little or no community input." Based on further consideration after feedback from the public, staff recommend requiring a water source on-site as a regulation, rather than the previously proposed guideline. Mandating the water provision helps prevent visitation of bees seeking out other water sources in neighboring properties. Staff removed the guideline about storage of beekeeping equipment because beekeepers suggested the provision would be unnecessary, was not a significant concern among other members of the public, and enforcement would be too onerous. Feral Bees "How will the City respond to problems with feral bees and swarms; how will the City regulate or address issues related to feral bees; and would it be considered beekeeping if bees establish a colony in a roof, wall, attic, shed, etc.?" This proposed ordinance regulates backyard beekeeping in Hives managed by beekeepers, as opposed to feral bees. The City is addressing humane, non-lethal treatment of nuisance feral bees, including rescue and relocation practices, through another Council Motion (CF 13-1660) involving the Bureau of Street Services, Urban Forestry Division. Response to emergencies related to bee stings falls outside of the purview of Planning and is currently handled by other City Departments. In response to questions about problems with bee swarming (as explained in the "Bee Biology Basics" section of this report), staff refer to biologist and beekeeper assertions that having more backyard beekeepers will help to manage the feral bee population, as many beekeepers serve as resources in the community in responding to concerns and problems with feral bees. Enforcement "Which department will enforce these regulations and what will the recourse be in the case of violations?" CPC-2015-578-CA 10 The City Council Motion (CF 12-0785) directed the Departments of City Planning and Animal Services to report back on the feasibility of an ordinance allowing beekeeping in residential zones. The Department of Building and Safety would enforce regulations regarding distancing, barriers, water source and hive orientation. Planning staff designed the proposed regulations (as shown in Figure 1 and Appendix A) with a consideration for the types of standards that Building and Safety can enforce. As this would be a by-right accessory use on single-family lots, enforcement would be complaint-based and violation would result in loss of the right to this accessory use. Research and Consuitation with other Departments and Expe; "Perform a study on zone areas to allocate permits; consult with professionals, undertake environmental and financial impact statements; consult with City Departments, Los Angeles Food Policy Council, third-party experts; implement a pilot program; and limit the scope to R zones that abut A or Industrial Zones." Staff conducted research on other cities' beekeeping regulations (see Exhibit F), and interviewed the city planner in Santa Monica who prepared their beekeeping ordinance, interviewed two biologists specializing in bees to gather facts about bee behavior and flight patterns in order to inform our standards, and consulted with the two departments that could possibly handle enforcement—Animal Services and Building and Safety. Staff also contacted the Los Angeles Food Policy Council, and were referred to their Urban Agriculture Working Group, which organized a focus group to meet with us. While the Council Motion (CF 12-0785) directed staff to look into the feasibility of beekeeping in all residential areas, staff are proposing an ordinance to allow it only on single-family residential areas at this time, as an ordinance for higher density areas would require additional consideration and research. Notification of Neighbors and Sch "Include notification requirement to neighbors and schools." The proposed ordinance is for Backyard Beekeeping to be allowed as a by-right accessory use on single-family lots. As such, there would be no permit required, and any reporting of problems or potential violations of the Zoning Code would result in denial of Backyard Beekeeping as a use on the given lot. Conclusion This proposed ordinance allows beekeeping in single-family zones with regulations to minimize conflict between bees and neighbors. By adding definitions for the existing "Apiary" use already allowed in Al, A2, and MR1 zones, and for "Backyard Beekeeping", "Bee", and "Hive", the proposed ordinance both clarifies relevant terms referenced and differentiates the proposed Backyard Beekeeping use from the existing, larger-scale, commercial beekeeping that is allowed with the Apiary use. Apiaries in Al, A2, and MR1 zones will continue to be allowed as they have been, with no changes. The proposed Backyard Beekeeping ordinance includes standards to make beekeeping compatible as an accessory use in the single-family neighborhood context, which is generally characterized by smaller lot sizes and decreased distance between neighbors. CPC-2015-578-CA 1 1 Removing obstacles to beekeeping meets the City's goals. Benefits of backyard beekeeping include improved health and size of the bee population, and resulting pollination of plants, trees, and gardens, including food producing gardens. Beekeeping, therefore, helps promote availability of local, healthy food. It is in the best interest of the City to create clear definitions of "Apiary", "Backyard Beekeeping", "Bee", and "Hive", as well as basic Backyard Beekeeping standards intended to minimize any potential nuisances or threats to the health and safety of neighbors. CPC-2015-578-CA 1 Findings General Plan/Charter Findings , y 9��a� IDI BaQiI3 T�,dt��Si)!'." e I 1. In accordance with Charter Section 556, the proposed Code amendment is in substantial conformance with the purposes, intent, and provisions of the General Plan in that it would permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods, and establishes regulations on maximum hive number, distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning in order to minimize encounters between humans and bees while supporting a healthy bee population for the purpose of plant pollination. Resource Conservation and Management Objective 6.1 Protect the City's natural settings from the encroachment of urban development, allowing for the development, use, management, and maintenance of each component of the City's natural resources to contribute to the sustainability of the region. The proposed Backyard Beekeeping ordinance would support a healthy bee population, which fosters increased pollination of the City's plants and trees, thereby supporting the environmental sustainability of the City and region. Outdoor Recreation Objective 6.2 Maximize the use of the City's existing open space network and recreation facilities by enhancing those facilities and providing connections, particularly from targeted growth areas, to the existing regional and community open space system. Policy: Establish, where feasible, the linear open space system represented in the Citywide Greenways Network map, to provide additional open space for active and passive recreational uses and to connect adjoining neighborhoods to one another and to regional open space resources (see Figure 6-1). This Citywide Greenways Network is hierarchical and is composed of three levels: regional, community, and local/neighborhood. While these levels are of equal importance, they vary in scale and the degree to which they impact the City at large. Additionally, while these levels overlap one another, they can still be differentiated and broken down as follows: c. The local/neighborhood components include pedestrian-supporting streets, open space associated with public facilities such as schools, small parks, and community gardens. CPC-2015-578-CA 13 The proposed Backyard Beekeeping ordinance would support a healthy bee population, which fosters increased pollination of the City's plants and trees, thereby supporting the City's Greenways Network and enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the open space areas. Health and Wellness Element The proposed code amendment is also consistent with, and helps further accomplish the following goals and objectives that make up the Health and Wellness Element of the General Plan: Goal 4 Food that Nourishes the Body, Soul, and Environment Objective 4.1 Land for urban agriculture and healthy food Policy: Encourage and preserve land for urban agriculture in the city to ensure a long-term supply of locally produced healthy food, promote resiliency, green spaces, and healthy food access; increase the number of urban agriculture sites including but not limited to: community gardens, parkway gardens, urban farms and rooftop gardens in low-income and underserved areas. Currently, beekeeping is only allowed in Al, A2, and MR1 zones; the proposed ordinance would expand beekeeping to single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed regulations would ensure the health of bees and provide for the enhancement of local gardens through pollination of local trees, vines, and other plants. The healthy growth of bee colonies, and resulting pollination, would increase the production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers in home and community gardens. Consequently, communities may see increased availability of local, affordable, fresh, and healthy food. Community Plans The Code Amendment will promote the objectives, policies and goals of various community plans in support of access to local and healthy food, community gardens, and abundant landscaping, by supporting a healthy bee population in the pollination of plants, trees, and vines. 2. In accordance with Charter Section 558(b)(2), the adoption of the proposed ordinance will be in conformity with public necessity, convenience, general welfare and good zoning practice because the ordinance allowing beekeeping in more areas of the City supports environmental sustainability and our local food system, while imposing standards to help ensure the safety of residents in the smaller lot size context of single-family areas. CEQA Findings The Department of City Planning, determined that the proposed Code amendments would not have a significant impact on the environment. A Notice of Exemption (ENV-2015-579-CE, Exhibit A) was prepared for the proposed ordinance after a review for any potential impacts on the physical environment. CPC-2015-578-CA On the basis of the whole of the record before the lead agency, including any comments received, the lead agency finds that there is no substantial evidence that the proposed project will have a negative effect on the environment. The attached Notice of Exemption reflects the lead agency's independent judgment and analysis. The records upon which this decision is based are located at the Department of City Planning in Automated Records, 200 North Spring Street. Delegation of City Planning Commission Authority In accordance with Charter Sections Charter 559, and in order to insure the timely processing of this ordinance, the City Planning Commission authorizes the Director of Planning to approve or disapprove for the Commission any modification to the subject ordinance as deemed necessary by the Department of Building and Safety and/or the City Attorney's Office. In exercising that authority, the Director must make the same findings as would have been required for the City Planning Commission to act on the same matter. The Director's action under this authority shall be subject to the same time limits and shall have the same effect as if the City Planning Commission had acted directly. CPC-2015-578-CA 15 Public Hearings and Communications Two preliminary outreach meetings were held in January 2015 to obtain input on an initial proposal. The materials and presentations for meetings were distributed and made available to the general public. The outreach efforts included an extended comment period to allow those individuals who could not attend to provide their input. On March 19, 2015, the Department conducted a Public Hearing for this project. Upon request, staff also attended a Pacific Palisades Community Council meeting on April 23, 2015 and provided a brief presentation and answered questions about the proposed ordinance. Project staff has taken every measure possible to make themselves available to the public, and have had conversations with several individuals over the last several months explaining the Backyard Beekeeping regulations and guidelines and going over their specific concerns. A public interest list was created for this project, from the Planning Department's beekeeping interest list had and contacts provided by City Council offices. This list has grown to over 100 email addresses (and still growing) which contains individual residents, Neighborhood Councils, Community Councils, representatives from the Los Angeles Food Policy Council, as well as beekeeping organizations such as HoneyLove and the Los Angeles County Beekeepers Association. Each of these various organizations have distributed information to their memberships as it became available. The interest list will remain open until the completion of this project. Anyone who wants to obtain updates directly from the Department can email katherine.peterson @,lacity.org. 1 Please type "Add Me to Backyard Beekeeping Notification List" in the subject line and provide contact information (or at least a ZIP Code) and, if applicable, group/organization/company affiliations. Official documents for the proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance have been available for download in our Department's website in Proposed Ordinance section; this is where information is available about changes to the Code that are in the works. Public Outreach Below is a summary of the Department's public outreach efforts: Focus Group Meeting In January 2015, the Department of City Planning met with the Los Angeles Food Policy Council's Urban Agriculture Working Group in a meeting arranged by the Chair of the Urban Agriculture Working Group. The meeting provided staff with feedback on the initial conceptual Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance. Wednesday, January 7, 2015 Metabolic Studio 1745 North Spring Street, Unit 4 Los Angeles, California 90012 CPC-2015-578-CA [ , PlanCheck NC Los Angeles Meeting A preliminary proposal was drafted, and in January 2015, the DCP held a meeting through PlanCheck NCLA (an alliance of Neighborhood Councils) in order to hear public comments and suggestions for changes to the preliminary proposals. The project team notified interest lists from City Council offices and DCP, and through PlanCheck NCLA to certified neighborhood councils. The meeting was attended by approximately 50 people. Saturday, January 10, 2015 Hollenbeck Community Police Station 2111 East 1 sc Street Los Angeles, California 90033 The intent of this meeting was to introduce the public to the concepts being explored by staff, as well as hear public comments about and suggestions for changes to the preliminary proposals. Prior to the meeting, DCP staff developed and shared a conceptual summary, Question & Answer sheet, and a summary of other cities' beekeeping regulations, and made them available to the public. A brief presentation was given at the meeting which provided more details. In order to ensure a collaborative environment, questions and comments were accepted during these presentations resulting in a very constructive public discussion. The majority of those who attended indicated a general agreement with the concepts of the preliminary proposal. There were those who agreed with the concepts, but wanted to wait until proposed Code language was released before they gave their support. A majority of those who expressed concerns mentioned public safety issues. Staff incorporated as many of the actionable suggestions for changes as possible, but there were some that were inconsistent with the goals and objective for, and beyond the scope of the project. The handouts and presentation for the workshops were distributed and made available to the general public, and an extended comment period was also provided to allow those individuals who could not attend to provide their input. The input given at these meetings ultimately resulted in the proposed Backyard Beekeeping regulations shown in Appendix A. A summary of the issues raised in the public comments received during the comment period can be found in Issues section of this report. CPC-2015-578-CA 17 Public Hearinas In March 2015, the Department of City Planning conducted a Public Hearing preceded by a brief presentation and Question & Answer Session. Interest lists from City Council offices and City Planning and all certified Neighborhood Councils were notified. The Public Hearing was attended by 24 people. Thursday, March 19, 2015 Los Angeles City Hall 200 North Spring Street, Room 1010 Los Angeles, California, 90012 Presentation and Q &A: 2:00 —2:30PM Public Hearing: 2:30—3:20PM Below is a summary of the public testimony received at the Public Hearings conducted for the proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance: Provided Testimony: 17 Supported Proposed Ordinance: 16 Opposed Proposed Ordinance: 1 Support Of those individuals who provided testimony at the Public Hearings, nearly all of them were in support of the proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance. However, a good number of them had suggestions for changes or outstanding concerns they would like to see addressed. The issues raised in the comments are included in the Issues section of this report. .E Of those individuals who provided testimony at the Public Hearings, one speaker clearly opposed the proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance. The issues raised in the comments are included in the Issues section of this report. In addition, staff provided a brief summary presentation of the proposed ordinance and answered questions at a meeting of the Pacific Palisades Community Council, on request, on April 23, 2015. A majority of those who expressed concern echoed public safety issues mentioned in previous meetings. The issues raised in the comments are included in the Issues section of this report. CPC-2015-578-CA 18 Comments Received by Mail and Email The Hearing Officer left the public comment period open to any written communication received prior to the hearing and up until Thursday, April 14, 2015. By request, the public comment period was extended to April 17, 2015. A total of 81 email and one hand-delivered messages were received from the general public regarding the proposed ordinance. 10 of those comments stated that they were in support, 5 stated that they were in opposition. Another 63 comments were generally positive, with specific suggestions for changes to the proposed ordinance, and 3 comments were generally negative. In addition, the nonprofit organization HoneyLove submitted a petition from the website change.org including over 8,000 signatures in support of legalizing backyard beekeeping in the City of Los Angeles. Below is a summary of the public comments received during the Public Hearings for the proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance and during the comment period following it (April 17, 2015 deadline). Email: 81 Hand-Delivered. 1 General Positive Remarks: 63 0 Supported Proposed Ordinance: 10 0 Opposed Proposed Ordinance: 5 1 ........ General Negative Remarks: 3 0 CPC-2015-578-CA 19 References 1. Matina Donaldson-Matasci, Ph.D.,Assistant Professor of Biology, Harvey Mudd College. 2. The Great Sunflower Project. http://,vvww.greatsunflower.org/ 3. Noah Wilson-Rich, Ph.D. (Biology), Founder and Chief Scientific Officer, Best Bees. CPC-2015-578-CA APPENDIX A A-1 APPENDIX A PROPOSED ORDINANCE PROVISIONS ORDINANCE NO. An ordinance amending Sections 12.03, 12.07, 12.07.01, 12.07.1, and 12.08 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to establish new regulations for backyard beekeeping on single-family residential zoned properties (RA, RE, RS, R1). THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Section 12.03 of Article 2 of Chapter 1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is amended by adding the definitions of"Apiary", "Backyard Beekeeping", "Bee", and "Hive" in proper alphabetical order to read: APIARY. The keeping or maintenance of Bees in a collection of Hives or colonies. BEE. Any stage of the common domestic honey bee (Apis Mellifera). BEEKEEPING, BACKYARD. The keeping or maintenance of an Apiary in a Hive as an accessory use. HIVE. A structure for the housing of a Bee colony. Sec. 2. Subdivision 13 of Subsection A of Section 12.07 of Article 2 of Chapter 1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is amended to read as follows: 13. Backyard Beekeeping, as an accessory use, provided that: (a) Applicant is registered as a beekeeper with the County of Los Angeles Agricultural Commission. (b) Number of Hives is limited to one for every 2,500 square feet of Lot Area. (c) Not located in the required Front Yard of a Lot, including Through Lots. (d) Hives are located a minimum of five feet from the Front, Side, and Rear Lot Lines and a minimum of 20 feet from public rights-of-way or private street. (e) Hive entrances face away from, or parallel to, the nearest Lot Line adjacent to another Lot. CPC-2015-578-CA APPENDIX A A-2 (f) A six-foot wall, fence, or hedge located between hives and adjacent lots, or hives are placed at a minimum of eight feet above ground level of the adjacent lot. The purpose of this provision is to provide a solid barrier to help direct bees over six feet above ground level when departing the Lot to minimize interactions between bees and individuals in the vicinity. (g) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the Property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or surrounding property. Sec. 3. Add a Subdivision 10 to Subsection A of Section 12.07.01 of Article 2 or Chapter 1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to read as follows: 10. Backyard Beekeeping, as an accessory use, provided that the activity complies with the performance standards established in Section 12.07 A.13. of this Code. Sec. 4. Add a Subdivision 10 to Subsection A of Section 12.07.1 of Article 2 or Chapter 1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to read as follows: 10. Backyard Beekeeping, as an accessory use, provided that the activity complies with the performance standards established in Section 12.07 A.13. of this Code. Sec. 5. Add a Subdivision 10 to Subsection A of Section 12.08 of Article 2 or Chapter 1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to read as follows: 10. Backyard Beekeeping, as an accessory use, provided that the activity complies with the performance standards established in Section 12.07 A.13. of this Code. Sec. 6. The City Clerk shall certify to the passage of this ordinance and have it published in accordance with Council policy, either in a daily newspaper circulated in the City of Los Angeles or by posting for ten days in three public places in the City of Los Angeles: one copy on the bulletin board located at the Main Street entrance to the Los Angeles City Hall; one copy on the bulletin board located at the Main Street entrance to the Los Angeles City Hall East; and one copy on the bulletin board located at the Temple Street entrance to the Los Angeles County Hall of Records. CPC-2015-578-CA -A-1 EXHIBIT A COUNTY CLERK'S USE CITY OF LOS ANGELES CITY CLERK'S USE OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK 200 NORTH SPRING STREET,ROOM 360 LOS ANGELES,CALIFORNIA 90012 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT NOTICE OF EXEMPTION (California Environmental Quality Act Section 15062) Filing of this form is optional. If filed, the form shall be filed with the County Clerk, 12400 E. Imperial Highway, Norwalk, CA 90650, pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21152(b). Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21167(d),the filing of this notice starts a 35-day statute of limitations on court challenges to the approval of the project, Failure to file this notice with the County Clerk results in the statute of limitations being extended to 180 days. LEAD CITY AGENCY I COUNCIL DISTRICT City Council/Department of City Planning ALL PROJECT TITLE LOG REFERENCE Backyard Beekeeping in Single Family Residential Zones CPC-2015-578-CA PROJECT LOCATION Single-family residential zones(RA,RE, RS,R1) DESCRIPTION OF NATURE,PURPOSE,AND BENEFICIARIES OF PROJECT: An amendment to Chapter 1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to allow beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zones. NAME OF PERSON OR AGENCY CARRYING OUT PROJECT,IF OTHER THAN LEAD CITY AGENCY: CONTACT PERSON (AREA CODE I TELEPHONE NUMBER ( EXT. Katherine Peterson I 213 978-1445 This is to advise that on the City of Los Angeles has made the following determinations: EXEMPT STATUS:(Check One) STATE CEQA GUIDELINES CITY CEQA GUIDELINES ❑ MINISTERIAL Sec. 15268 Art. 11,Sec.2b ❑ DECLARED EMERGENCY Sec. 15269 Art,11,Sec.2a(1) ❑ EMERGENCY PROJECT Sec. 15269(b)&(e) Art, 11,Sec.2a(2)&(3) © CATEGORICAL EXEMPTION Sec. 15300 etseq. Art.111,Sec. 1 Class 3 88 Category 15303, 15308 (State CEQA Guidelines) O OTHER (See Public Resources Code Sec.21080(b)and set forth state and City guideline provision. JUSTIFICATION FOR PROJECT EXEMPTION: The adoption of this ordinance would permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zones.The Project would require a barrier between the hives and all adjacent lots,considered to be small structure structures pursuant to City of Los Angeles Environmental Act Guidelines,Article 111.Class 3.The Project includes regulations,as outlined in the ordinance,that would ensure the health of bees and provide for the enhancement of local gardens and the environment. IF FILED BY APPLICANT,ATTACH CERTIFIED DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE CITY PLANNING DEPARTMENT STATING THAT THE DEPARTMENT HAS FOUND THE PROJECT TO BE EXEMPT. SIGNATURE j�_ �. TITLE DATE f ",City Planning Associate FEE: I RECEIPT NO. (REC'D. BY (DATE DISTRIBUTION:(1)County Clerk,(2)City Cleric.(3)Agency Record l ( Rev. 11-1-03 CPC-2015-578-CA P-A-2 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (CEQA) NARRATIVE: Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance CPC-2015-578-CA ENV-2015-579-CE I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed Backyard Beekeeping Ordinance, or "Project," amends the Los Angeles Municipal Code (LAMC) to permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family neighborhoods, and includes basic maximum hive number, distancing, barrier, and hive positioning, and water provision requirements. The proposed regulations are listed below: • Regulations o Register as a beekeeper with the County of Los Angeles. o Maximum of one hive per 2,500 square feet of Lot area. o Hives must be placed a minimum 5 feet from lot lines, and 20 feet from public right-of-way/private street. o Hive entrances face away from or parallel to nearest lot line. 0 6-foot wall or vegetative barrier between hives and adjacent lots, or placement of hives minimum of 8 feet above ground level of adjacent lot. o A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or surrounding property. II. PROJECT BACKGROUND With increasing concern for the health of our bee population, and the impact on plant pollination, and therefore on our food system, there has been an increase in interest locally and across the country in "backyard beekeeping". While beekeeping (apiaries) is allowed by-right in Al, A2, and MR1 zones in the City of Los Angeles, it is currently not allowed in residential zones. Allowing backyard beekeeping in residential zones would help support the bee population and our food system, while ensuring, through regulations, the health of bee colonies in the hives, as well as the safety and health of neighboring residents. The City Council Motion (Council File No. 12-0785) directed the Department of City Planning and the Department of Animal Services to report back on the feasibility of beekeeping in R zones. Since introduction of the Council Motion, the Planning Department has been in communication with Animal Services and Building and Safety Departments, as well as Council offices, and has prepared a draft ordinance proposing to allow beekeeping in single-family residential zones (R1, RS, RE9, RE11, RE15, RA, RE20, and RE40). The proposed ordinance is considered the Project in review in this document. Planning staff have researched beekeeping ordinances in Southern California and several cities in other states for model regulations of beekeeping in single-family neighborhoods. Staff have consulted with biologists specializing in bees to verify that requirements function CPC-2015-578-CA -A-3 to minimize conflict between bees and human neighbors. Staff has also consulted with planning staff at the City of Santa Monica about the success of their beekeeping ordinance, and reviewed beekeeping ordinances in several other cities, including those that Santa Monica's ordinance is based upon. This proposed ordinance is draws from other cities' adopted and successful ordinances, consultations with biologists, and on suggestions from beekeeping stakeholders gathered during public outreach. III. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW UNDER CEQA The proposed Beekeeping Ordinance is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970 (CEQA). Staff has concluded that the following CEQA exemptions are appropriate for the proposed Project: A. State CEQA Guidelines, Article 19, Section 15303, Class 3 consists of "construction and location of limited numbers of new, small facilities or structures; installation of small new equipment and facilities in small structures; and the conversion of existing small structures from one use to another where only minor modifications are made in the exterior of the structure. The numbers of structures described in this section are the maximum allowable on any legal parcel." City of Los Angeles Environmental Quality Act Guidelines, Article III, Class 3 includes accessory structures, such as fences, as part of this exemption. The proposed Project would require a wall or vegetative barrier of a height of 6 feet between the hives and all adjacent lots. While most properties in Los Angeles already meet the minimum fence requirement set forth in the proposed Project, it is feasible that, in some cases, property owners may need to construct a wall or plant a vegetative barrier. The purpose of the required barrier is to ensure that bees assume a flight pattern at an elevation of at least 6 feet above ground level over the property lines in the vicinity of the apiary in order to limit bee interactions with neighboring residents. The physical form of the barrier is consistent with the exemption per 15303. B. State CEQA Guidelines, Article 19, Section 15308, Class 8 consists of "actions taken by regulatory agencies, as authorized by state or local ordinance, to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or protection of the environment where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment. Construction activities and relaxation of standards allowing environmental degradation are not included in this exemption"; and City of Los Angeles Environmental Quality Act Guidelines, Article III, Class 8 consists of "actions taken by regulatory agencies as authorized by State or local ordinance to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or protection of the environment where the regulatory process involves procedures for protection of the environment. Construction activities are not included in this exemption." The proposed Project would permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods with basic limits on the maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source and hive positioning; the regulations are set forth in CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-1- the Project Description section. The proposed regulations would ensure the health of bees and provide for the enhancement of local gardens through pollination of local trees, vines, and other plants. The healthy growth of bee colonies would increase the production and quality of fruits, vegetables, and flowers in home gardens. IV. EXCEPTIONS TO THE USE OF CATEGORICAL EXEMPTIONS CEQA Section 15300.2: Exceptions to Categorical Exemptions As explained below, the Project does not satisfy the criteria for exceptions to the application of Section 15300, Class 3 or Class 8 of the State CEQA Guidelines: A. Location: Classes 3, 4, 5, 6, and 11 are qualified by consideration of where the project is to be located. A project that is ordinarily insignificant in its effect on the environment may in a particularly sensitive environment be significant. Therefore, these classes may not be utilized where the project may impact on an environmental resource of hazardous or critical concern where designated, precisely mapped, and officially adopted pursuant to law by federal, state, or local agencies. This exception applies to Class 3 Categorical Exemptions where the Project is located in a particularly sensitive environment. The City of Los Angeles precisely designates maps and officially adopted areas of special resources and hazards in the Safety Element of the General Plan in 1996. The proposed Project expands backyard beekeeping to single-family zoned neighborhoods; there are zones within the boundaries of the sensitive environments illustrated in the Safety Element. Per Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide, Chapter 4, Section F Hazards, which identifies the thresholds at which there is a significant impact, each designated and adopted map of the Safety Element has been reviewed. The resulting analysis per each map is as follows: Alquist-Priolo Special Study Zones and Fault Rupture Study Areas: It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur in areas currently assumed to be along an active or potentially active fault line as illustrated in Exhibit A of the Safety Element, however, backyard beekeeping will not have any impact on the fault lines. This is because the proposed Project merely permits beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the Project is not expected to alter the existing conditions and expose people to further risk. Areas Susceptible to Liquefaction: Exhibit B of the Safety Element identifies liquefiable areas with ground water at less than 30 feet deep, and potentially liquefiable areas with ground water between 30 and 50 feet deep. It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur in areas susceptible to liquefaction, however, backyard beekeeping will not have any impact on liquefiable ground or potentially liquefiable ground. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single- family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-5 increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the Project is not expected to alter the existing conditions and expose people to further risk. Landslide Inventory and Hillside Areas: It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur in hillside areas and areas susceptible to landslides, however, backyard beekeeping will not have a significant impact on the identified areas. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the Project is not expected to alter the existing conditions and expose people to further risk. Selected Wildfire Hazard Areas: Exhibit D of the Safety Element identifies selected wildland fire hazards and selected urban fire and secondary hazards. It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur in areas near wildfire hazard areas, however, backyard beekeeping will not have a significant impact on the hazards or hazard areas. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the Project is not expected alter the existing conditions and expose individuals to further risk of wildfires. Oil Field and Oil Drilling Areas: It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur above an oil field and near oil drilling areas, however, beekeeping will not have an impact on the identified areas. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The project will not restrict access to oil drilling areas and will not impact existing maintenance and operation facilities on the oil fields or oil drilling areas. 100-Year and 500 Year Flood Plains: It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur on or near the flood plains, however, backyard beekeeping will not have an impact on the identified areas. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the Project is not expected to alter the existing conditions and expose individuals to further risk of floods. Inundation and Tsunami Hazard Areas: It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur in or near the hazard areas, however, backyard beekeeping will not have an impact on the identified areas. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the Project is not expected to alter the existing conditions and expose individuals to further risk of inundation and tsunamis. CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-S Critical Facilities and Lifeline Systems: It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur near dependent care and emergency facilities, other major lifeline facilities, and transportation routes, however, backyard beekeeping will not have a significant impact on the identified areas. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Therefore, the proposed Project will not have a significant impact on critical facilities and lifeline systems. B. Cumulative Impact: The exception applies when, although a particular Project may not have a significant impact, the impact of successive projects, of the same type, in the same place, over time is significant. There are no successive projects of the same type, in the same place, planned for the City of Los Angeles, therefore, the Project will not have a significant impact over time. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single- family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. C. Significant Effect Due to Unusual Circumstances: This exception applies when, although the project may otherwise be exempt, there is a reasonable possibility that the project will have a significant effect due to unusual circumstances. There is no reasonable possibility that the proposed Project will have a significant effect due to unusual circumstances. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. The proposed Project would allow for the protection of the environment by ensuring the health of bees and providing for the enhancement of local gardens through pollination of local trees, vines, and other plants. Additionally, as set forth in the Additional Factual Support section, any impact from the proposed Project is less than significant. D. Scenic Highways: This exception applies when, although the project may otherwise be exempt, there may be damage to scenic resources, including but not limited to, trees historic buildings, rock outcroppings, or similar resources, within a highway officially designated as a state scenic highway. The only designated State Scenic Highway in Los Angeles County is Route 2 from 2.7 miles north of State Route 210 at La Canada to the San Bernardino County Line. The designated State Scenic Highway is not located within Los Angeles City Boundaries; CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-7 therefore, the proposed Project does not impact any State Scenic Highway. It is plausible that backyard beekeeping may occur near designated City Scenic Highways as illustrated in Map E of the Transportation Element of the Los Angeles General Plan. However, any beehives and barriers installed as a result of the Project would not obstruct Scenic Highway vistas, as they are similar to other accessory uses in single- family zoned neighborhoods found near Scenic Highways. The Project will not result in damage to scenic resources including trees, historic buildings, rock outcroppings, or similar resources due to regulations. E. Hazardous Waste Sites: Projects located on a site or facility listed pursuant to California Government Code 65962.5. The Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) has not listed any single-family zoned parcel within the Project area as a hazardous material site (Envirostor Database); therefore, the exception does not apply. F. Historical Resources: Projects that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource. The proposed Project would not cause an adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in Section CEQA 15064.5. Hives associated with Backyard Beekeeping are not alterations or additions to historic resources; they are small, stand alone, moveable structures. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning. Therefore, the Project would not cause a substantial change in the significance of historical resources, including but not limited to, historical buildings, landmarks, monuments, or similar resources. CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-8 V. ADDITIONAL FACTUAL SUPPORT Below is a consideration of all categories on the Initial Study Checklist to demonstrate further that no exceptions apply to the exemptions: Aesthetics The proposed Project will have zero to minimal aesthetic environmental effects. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. Due to regulations, the proposed Project will not degrade the existing visual character or quality of the Project site and its surroundings in either natural or urban areas. The Project will not introduce contrasting features into- nor result in the loss of aesthetically valued natural or urban areas, eliminate context or associations with history, nor create visual discord where there have been apparent conservation efforts in natural or urban areas. Agriculture and Forestry Resources According to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program for Los Angeles County (2012), there exists a small amount of designated farmland of statewide importance, unique farmland, and farmland of local importance in the vicinity of the Project area. A significant impact would occur if the proposed Project were to result in conversion of farmland to another non-agricultural use, or indicated as agricultural under a Williamson Act contract. The scope of the Project, however, does not include farmland or agricultural zones. The proposed Project would merely regulate beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. It is plausible that the proposed Project would enhance the quality of fruits, vegetables and flowers through the resulting pollination in home gardens, farmland, or agricultural land. Therefore, the proposed Project will not have a negative impact on agricultural uses. Air Quality The Project is located in the South Coast Air Basin, within the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). The SCAQMD is directly responsible for reducing emissions from stationary, mobile, and indirect sources, and has established standards for air quality constituents generated by construction and by operational activities. The 2012 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) was prepared to comply with federal and state air quality standards. Projects consistent with forecasts identified in the Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide (RCPG) -prepared by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) - are considered consistent with the AQMP, since the Growth Management Chapter of the AQMP is based on forecasts identified in the RCPG. Moreover, a project consistent with a City's land use designations is considered consistent with the RCPG and is, ultimately, consistent with the AQMP. The proposed Project would be inconsistent or CPC-2015-578-CA _A-9 conflict with the AQMP if it exceeded population or employment growth forecasts in the AQMP. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and will not introduce new population or increase development. Therefore, the proposed Project does not conflict with or obstruct the implementation of the AQMP, violate any air quality standard, or contribute to a net increase of any criteria pollutant. Biological Resources The proposed Project will not create changes in conditions that could yield an incremental increase in potential impacts to any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species. There are no biological resources, including riparian habitat, or other sensitive natural community or federally protected wetlands, native resident or migratory fish/wildlife species that would be negatively impacted. The proposed Project would not result in direct removal, filling, or hydrological interruption to any resources. Moreover, the proposed Project does not conflict with any local protection of biological resources. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The proposed Project will not introduce new population or increase the likelihood of new development as a result of this ordinance. Cultural Resources The proposed Project would not cause an adverse change of historical resource as defined in CEQA 15064.5. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. It does not supersede any existing regulation or protection of historic resources, such as nationally designated monuments or buildings in a historic preservation overlay zone. The proposed Project does not disturb, damage, or degrade unique archaeological sites, paleontological resources, or geologic features. This is because the proposed Project will not generate any construction or operation activities which may impact the surface or subsurface of the ground at or near archaeological sites, paleontological resources, or geologic features. Geology/Soils The proposed Project in and of itself will not pose any risks to humans or property damage due to potential regional earthquakes. As is common in the Southern California region, there will be continued risks of human injury and property damage because of potential regional earthquakes. While generally the potential exists for geologic hazards due to geologic and seismic conditions throughout the City, this specific Project proposes no changes that would alter these conditions because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include CPC-2015-57 8-C/'� E-A-1 Q basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. The Project proposes no land use changes and thus there would be no changes in topography or surface relief features beyond what would otherwise occur. The proposed Project does not supersede any existing regulation related to geology and soils. Greenhouse Gas Emissions An increase of backyard beekeeping may reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to pollination of plants in gardens and other open space throughout the city. Ultimately, the pollination would also support local food sources, which reduces long distance transport of produce and a decrease of greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed Project would not generate greenhouse gas emissions nor conflict with regulations adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gas emissions. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods through basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. Hazards & Hazardous Materials The proposed Project would not result in the routine transport, use, production or disposal of hazardous materials. The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods through basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. The proposed Project would not involve the use of potentially hazardous materials that could create a significant public hazard through the accidental release of hazardous materials into the environment. Backyard beekeeping does not involve the transport or use of hazardous materials. Therefore, adoption of the proposed Project would not result in any change from the baseline conditions. Hydrology/Water Quality The proposed Project does not involve any change in density or incentives for increased construction activity; therefore, it would not violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements, nor would it have a significant impact on groundwater supplies or groundwater recharge. This is because the proposed Project would not substantially alter existing drainage patterns of a site or area, including the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion on- or off-site. The proposed Project would not create or contribute to runoff water or substantially degrade water quality. The proposed Project is not a physical project, does not impact levees or dams, and thus would not threaten to expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam. CPC-2015-578-C�', -A-11 The proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. Land/Planning The proposed Project is an amendment to the LAMC. The proposed Project would permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. In accordance with Charter Section 556, the proposed Project is in substantial conformance with the purposes, intent, and provisions of the General Plan. The Project would not conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding mitigating an environmental effect and does not conflict with any conservation plan. Mineral Resources It is plausible that the Project may occur on or near areas identified by the State Mining and Geology Board (SMGB) as containing significant mineral deposits, or where it is judged that a high likelihood exists for their presence. Major mineral deposits are located in the Big Tujunga Wash and the Los Angeles River flood plain. However, the only available extraction site is in the Tujunga alluvial fan, which is not within the Project area. Much of the areas identified as significant mineral deposits have already been developed with structures and is inaccessible for mining extraction. The proposed Project would not involve digging or extraction of minerals that would result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource or locally important mineral source recovery site. The Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. Noise The proposed Project would not result in the exposure of persons or generation of noise levels in excess of standard levels. Any noise levels deriving from activities associated to backyard beekeeping would not result in the exposure of people to, or generation of excessive ground borne noise levels or create a substantial periodic or permanent increase in ambient noise levels. The proposed Project would not cause a substantial increase in ambient noise levels above the existing because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. Population/Housing CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-12 The proposed Project would not impact the distribution of population and housing citywide. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods through basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. Residential uses can continue operating in the same fashion as they did prior to adoption of the proposed Project. Public Services The City of Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) and the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) have fire and police stations strategically located throughout the City. The proposed project would not result in an increase in population and, thus, would not generate a need for new or altered protection facilities. The proposed Project is not proposing to use, manufacture, or store toxic, readily combustible, or otherwise hazardous material; the proposed Project merely permits beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. Therefore, the proposed Project and any associated activities would not create hazards that would increase the need for protection or exceed the capacity of the LAFD or LAPD to serve any Project area. The proposed project does not result in any local or regional population increase or in the construction of new housing. Therefore, the Project would not require the construction of new schools, or result in schools exceeding their capacities. Recreation Pursuant to Los Angeles Municipal Code Section 17.12, the City requires land dedication or payment of fees for park or recreational purposes for projects involving residential subdivisions. The fees are used to acquire land or develop new parks or recreational facilities to serve the residential developments. However, the proposed Project does not affect recreational facilities because the Project is not proposing the construction or expansion of housing units; the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods. The Project will not result an increase in population that would cause or accelerate a substantial physical deterioration of recreational resources. Public recreational facilities will continue operating in the same fashion as they did prior to adoption of the proposed Project. Transportation/Traffic The proposed Project applies only to single-family zones and it does not involve any zone changes which would increase population density in single-family neighborhoods. No direct or indirect impacts are expected on existing traffic patterns and road capacity. The proposed Project would not exceed a level of service standard established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads and highways nor result in a change in air traffic patterns. Since the proposed Project applies only to single-family zoned CPC-2015-578-CA E-A-13 properties, it would not affect street design. The proposed Project does not regulate any public thoroughfare and does not include any regulations that would conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs supporting alternative transportation. This is because the Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. Utilities/Service Systems The proposed Project would not encourage nor limit construction, but rather permit beekeeping as an accessory in single-family zoned neighborhoods. Furthermore, the proposed Project will not result in increased density or population growth. Therefore, the proposed Project would not impact utilities and service systems. The proposed Project would not exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable regional water quality control board, nor require construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities. The proposed Project would not require the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities. The proposed Project would not have an effect on water supplies, nor affect wastewater treatment. Moreover, the proposed Project would not have any solid waste disposal needs or generate solid waste disposal itself. Mandatory Findings of Significance As noted previously, the proposed Project would not degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce fish or wildlife population, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major period of California history or prehistory. This is because the proposed Project would merely permit beekeeping as an accessory use in single-family zoned neighborhoods and include basic maximum hive number, and requirements for distancing, barrier, water source, and hive positioning; the regulations are outlined in the Project Description section. The proposed Project would not have environmental effects which could cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly as outlined in previous sections. As noted in the Exceptions to the Use of Categorical Exemptions section, the proposed Project would not have a cumulatively considerable impact. CPC-2015-578-CA -B-"1 CORRECTED: EXHIBIT B COUNCIL MOTION, CIF NO. 12-0785 CITY OF LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA Offlm of the HOLLY L.WOLCOTT CITY CLERK Interim City Clew, IV Council and Public Services Room 395,City Hall Los Angeles,CA 90012 General Information-i213)978-1133 Fax:(213)978-10�40 When making inquiries relative fo SHANNON HOPPES this matter,please refer to the Council and Public Services Council File No. ERIC GARC_TTi Division MAYOR %y W citvcla:kJacity.ora February 18, 2014 To All Interested Parties: The City Council adopted the action(s), as attached, under Council File No. 12-0785, at its meeting held February 12, 2014. City Clerk os An Equal Employment apnortunity—Affirmative Action Employer CPC-2015-578-CA -13_2 CORRECTED: EXHIBIT B COUNCIL MOTION, CF NO. 12-0785 4 File No.12-0785 PLANNING AND I-AND USE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE REPORT relative to the feasibility of allowing beekeeping in the izgnes as a practice to foster a healthier bee population. Recommendations for Council action, as initiated by Motion (Rosendahl- LaBonge): 1. INSTRUCT the Department of City Planning (DCP) to prepare a report, in consultation with the Department of Animal Services, relative to the feasibility of allowing beekeeping in Rones as a practice to foster a healthier bee population. 2. DIRECT the DCP and the Department of Animal Services to report back to Planning and Land Use Management Committee in 60 days. Fiscal Impart SW ment: Neither the City Administrative Officer nor the Chief Legislative Analyst has completed a financial analysis on this report. _Community Impact L9tatement: Yes Support Proposal: Greater Griffith Park Neighborhood Council West Los Angeles Neighborhood Council Lake Balboa Neighborhood Council Del Rey Neighborhood Council Mar Vista Community Council Palms Neighborhood Council Silver Lake Neighborhood Council Los Feliz Neighborhood Council Hollywood United Neighborhood Council Van Nuys Neighborhood Council Bel Air Beverly Crest Neighborhood Council Sgnimaryrn : At a regular meeting held on December 10, 2013, the Planning and Land Use Management Committee considered Motion (Rosendahl - LaBonge) relative to the feasibility of allowing beekeeping in the R1 zones as a practice to foster a healthier bee population. After an opportunity for public comment, the Committee recommended that Council approve the recommendation in the Motion and direct the departments to report back in 60 days. This matter is now forwarded to the Council for its consideration. CPC-2015-578-CA E-B-: CORRECTED: EXHIBIT B COUNCIL MOTION, CIF NO. 12-0785 Respectfully Submitted, PLANNiNG AND LAND USE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE MEMBER_ VOTE HUIZRR: YES f CEDILLO: YES ENGLANDER: YES -NOT OFFICIAL UNTIL COUNCIL ACTS- JAN 1 4 2014-CONTIN ED TO FeS, .wlX FEB - 4 ?014 t " w IlUoUf� ADOPTED Q5 et,% +� 1=- 2014 u MCI CPC-201 -578-CA E-G-1 EXHIBIT C WHERE BEEKEEPING IS CURRENTLY ALLOWED A— s : E Where Beekeeping is Currently Allowed Al,A2 •w,. MR1 CPC-2015m EXHIBIT D AREAS AFFECTED BY PROPOSED ORDINANCE r P- UK lam t g c F , r i � i-ssS M Single-FamNy Zoned Neighborhoods RA R1 RE$,RE11,RE15,RE20,RE40.RS : 't a CPC-2015-578-CA E-E-1 EXHIBIT E ALL AREAS WHERE BEEKEEPING WOULD BE ALLOWED E 47 Vdhere Beekeeping is Currently Allowed Al.A2,MR1 Sir igle-Family Zoned.11 N 11 eighborhoods 11(Froposed) RA,R1.RE g,RE11,RE15,RE20,RE40.RS � ' CPC-2015-578-CA -F-`I EXHIBIT F SUMMARY OF BEEKEEPING REGULATIONS IN OTHER CITIES City Number of Hives Distancing From: Barriers Hive Position ROW Lot Lines Buildings 6'tall barrier, Face away from or Santa Monica 2 hives maximum per lot nia At least 5'from all n;a unless hive is parallel to nearest property lines located 8'above property lines. grade. 1 or 2 hives:outside all setbacks or 20' 1 or 2 hives:No from ROW(and distancing,only Faces most distant distance from t or 2 hives.outside outside of all setbacks 6'tall barrier property line,away from property lines),3 or (may be of all setbacks or 15' or 15' erty from all prop entrances and walkways more hives: 100' vegetative) San Diego See Distancing from all property lines and ROW.3 or on premises to the extent from ROW. unless hive is 8' lines only(and more hives: 600'+ possible while ensuring Distancing from residential buildings distance from ROW).. above adjacent from residential groundlevel entrance faces most on lot other than buildings not on same distant property line. tot as beehive(s) where hives are located 2 hives if lot one quarter acre Barrier at least 6' or Pass;4 hives if more than in height of a one-quarter acre but less than solid wall or one-half acre six hives if more fence parallel to than one-half acre but less 5'from any property line, Aurora,CO nia <a extending f 0 feet ri�a than one acre;regardless of lot property line size,no limit if all hives are beyond colony in located at least 200 feet in any each direction. direction from all property lines. A flyway barrier Placed so general flight 5 hives on any residential lot; at least 6'in pattern of bees is in a Salt Lake City, 5'from any direction that �T la hives if residential lot is n a property line n/a height if hives are will deter bee contact larger than one half acre. located within f 5' of property lines with humans and domesticated animals 5'from rear and 6'barrier,which Denver,CO 2 hives per lot nia side lines We may be n1a vegetative. 15'from any public 6'barrier 1 colony per 3,370 square feet building and any Face away from or I0 feet beyond Redondo Beach of lot are,no more than 2 15'from any public 10'from any property residential building not extending at least parallel to nearest colonies on any lot ROW ine belonging to the the hives property lines. permitee 25'frorn any property line,unless 8 feet Seattle No more than 4 hives on lots n,a above grade of nfa Optional n.+a less than 10,000 square feet adjacent lot or separated by 6' barrier Chicago 5 hives per lot nla nia nia n:, nra New York City Regulated by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene,not the Department of City Planning 10'from any public No setback if bamer Face away from doors or sidewalk,prohibited is present;6'setback windows if barrier is not Boston 2 hives per lot in front yard or side n,a Optional if no barrier is present between hive yard that abuts a present and budding street 25'from any property 6'barrier,unless Face away from 2 hives on lots less than beehive is placed line,unless barrier is neighboring property, 10,000 square feet;4 hives on 25'from any Vancouver We present,or beehive n-a unless placed 8'above lots more than 10,000 square property line,or feet is placed 8'above ground level,or 25'from ground level placed 8'above any property line ground level CPC- 015-578-CA -A-1 ATTACHMENT A Great Sunflower Project Data Lr afion Plant ai> Plant Name Year Max Bee Per Hour Pollinator Seru#ce Eagle Rock Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2008 37.5 Excellent Echo Park Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2008 23.78 Moderate Mar Vista Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2009 0 Poor Mt.Washington Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2010 2 Poor Northridge Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2009 16 Excellent Playa Vista Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2009 4 Moderate San Pedro Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2009 2 Poor Sylmar Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2008 8 Moderate Tarzana Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2009 0 Poor Tujunga Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2008 10.4 Moderate Van Nuys Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2009 5.33 Moderate Van Nuys Area California Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop Lemon Queen Sunflower 2011 0 Poor Westwood Area ICalifornia Subtropical Fruit,Truck,and Specialty Crop ILemon Queen Sunflower 2010 0 Poor Source:https://www.greatsunflower.org/Map 'e.", � z 0z ESNic Y Proposed Backyard Beeping Ordinance. Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. Purpose. (1) The purpose of backyard beeping is to promote the hobby of beekeeping in a safe and sustainable manner, not for production of honey on a commercial basis. (2) Backyard beekeeping is a way to mitigate the decline in population of honeybee pollinators in the United States and in the Coachella Valley. (3) Improved pollination increases the local flower pollination resulting in the beautification of our landscape. It also increases the yield of local fruit trees and gardens in our city, thereby decreasing the dependence on outside farming and fossil fuels in our area. Indirectly this will decrease the city's carbon footprint and financial stress on our residents. (4) Reintroduction of more docile strains of honey bee can displace some of the Africanized strains of honey bees in the Palm Desert area. General Requirements. (1) The applicant shall be registered as a beekeeper with the County of Riverside Department of Agricultural Commissioner. (2) No more than one hive may be maintained on any residential property per each 2500 square feet of total property occupied by the residence. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees fly over a five-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Colonies shall be re-queened following any swarming or aggressive behavior. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee reliance on water sources of an adjacent property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit repeatedly aggressive behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Bees or hives do not conform to this code. (3) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (4) Improper management will be determined by a qualified beekeeper or beekeeping society in consultation. Below is a synopsis of Town of Corte Madera Ordinance No. 931 — Regulations for Keeping Honey Bees or Chickens: (Complete code regulations can be found in Corte Madera Municipal Code Ch. 18.21, Keeping of Bees and/or Chickens) Keeping of Chickens (excluding roosters, quacking ducks, guinea fowl and peafowl) in all Zoning Districts Parcels<5,000 sq.ft. requires CUP. Maximum 6 chickens Parcels> 5,000 sq.ft. - %acre allowed as a Permitted Use. Maximum 8 chickens Parcels>%2 acre allowed as a Permitted Use. Maximum 12 chickens Other Operational Standards: (a) Chickens must be kept in an enclosure or fenced area at all times. Chickens shall be secured within a chicken coop during non-daylight hours. (b) A chicken coop structure is required to accommodate all chickens and shall comply with building location, setback and lot coverage standards for an accessory structure within the district it is located and shall be setback a minimum of 20 feet from an occupied dwelling on an adjacent residential parcel. (c) Maintenance and operation of the chicken keeping shall include all applicable best management practices to provide safe and healthy living conditions for the chickens while avoiding adverse impacts on surrounding properties that would be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare. Keeping of Honey Bees (apis Mellifera) in all Zoning Districts Parcels<%acre requires CUP. Maximum 2 bee hives Parcels>_%acre requires CUP. Maximum 4 bee hives Other Operational Standards: (a) Honey bee hive boxes (colony) shall comply with building location, setback and lot coverage standards for an accessory structure within the district it is located and shall be setback a minimum of 20 feet from an occupied dwelling on an adjacent residential parcel. (b) Honey bee hive boxes (colony) shall be located at least 20 feet from a public street or a public pedestrian or bicycle trail. (c) A convenient and adequate source of water, dedicated solely to the colony in accordance with generally accepted practices in the industry, shall be available to the honey bee colony at all times. (d) A flyway barrier at least 6 feet in height consisting of a solid wall, fence or dense vegetation shall be installed between the honey bee hive colony and an abutting parcel in a residential district. (e) Maintenance and operation of the honey bee hive shall include all applicable best management practices to provide safe and healthy living conditions for the bees while avoiding adverse impacts on surrounding properties that would be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare. C:\UsersUasmine\AppData\Local\Temp\BeesChickensHandout.doc EXHIBIT "B" Standards for Keeping of Honeybees 1. The bee-keeping use shall be limited to Apis mellifera(honeybees)and must be an accessory use to a single family dwelling in an R-1,R-1-B,RO,R-2 or RPD zone. 2. Property owner permission for the bee-keeping use must be secured through an application form signed by the property owner or authorized agent,or through a separate letter of authorization submitted by the property owner or authorized agent. 3. Applicant shall obtain signatures of non-objection from the property owners of developed residential properties physically contiguous to(i.e.touching)the lot where honeybees are to be kept. If all required signatures cannot be obtained,then a conditional use permit shall be required pursuant to Section 16-52.040 prior to approval of the bee-keeping use. 4. Maximum number of bee colonies(hives)per single family dwelling: a. On lots less than or equal to ten thousand(10,000) square feet: Two(2) colonies. b. On lots greater than ten thousand(10,000)square feet: Four(4) colonies. 5. All bee colonies must be used for non-commercial purposes only. 6. Permit holders shall operate and maintain the bee-keeping use in accordance with recognized best management practices that provide safe and healthy living conditions for the bees while actively avoiding nuisance impacts on surrounding properties and persons and protecting the public health, safety and welfare. Applicant shall submit written documentation of bee-keeping training to the satisfaction of the Director. 7. A convenient and adequate source of water shall be available to a bee colony at all times. 8. All bee colonies shall be maintained in hives capable of inspection to determine compliance with these standards, and shall consist of moveable frames and combs. Hives must be maintained in sound and usable condition at all times. 9. Any bee hive box(colony) shall be located within a rear yard setback in traditional zones(R-1,R- 1-B,RO, R-2)or within a rear setback or rear portion of a building envelope for a planned residential development(RPD). Bee hive boxes shall not count toward lot coverage. 10. In no event shall any bee hive box shall be located less than five(5)feet from any property line or less than twenty-five(25) feet from any dwelling unit to which the hive is not an accessory use. 11. A flyway barrier at least six(6)feet in height,consisting of a solid wall, fence or dense vegetation, shall be installed and maintained between the bee hive colony(s)and all abutting developed or developable parcels where the bee hive colony is located within ten (10)feet of an abutting parcel property line. 12. All hive entrances shall face away from the nearest property line(s). Chicken and Honeybee-Keeping Permit Information and Supplemental Application Form 912012 6 [Excerpted from Tiburon Municipal Code Title IV, Chapter 16 (Zoning)] 16-40.070. Chickens and Honey Bees This section provides for establishment and reasonable regulation of bee-keeping and/or chicken-keeping as an accessory use to a single-family dwelling in certain residential zones while ensuring the public health, safety and welfare. A. Permit Required. It is unlawful to keep,possess,or maintain chickens or honey bee hives on any lot or parcel of land located in the Town unless a permit has first been approved by the Director of Community Development. B. Application and Fee. Application for a bee-keeping permit or for a chicken-keeping permit shall be made in compliance with the provisions of Section 16-50 (Application Filing and Processing) and shall be accompanied by the appropriate fee. C. Director of Community Development as Review Authority. Applications for bee-keeping and/or chicken-keeping permit shall be acted upon by the Director as a ministerial permit without notice,discretionary review,or a public hearing. D. Grant of Bee-keeping or Chicken-keeping Permit; Standards for Review. In order to grant a bee-keeping or chicken-keeping permit, the Director shall find that the use would comply with all of the standards set forth in the Standards for Bee-keeping or the Standards for Chicken-keeping, whichever is applicable,as adopted by Resolution of the Town Council. E. Trailing Permits. Any required Site Plan and Architectural Review and/or Building Permits associated with a bee-keeping or chicken-keeping use shall be obtained prior to commencement of the use. F. Approved Conditional Use Permits Still Valid. Any bee-keeping or chicken-keeping use with an approved Conditional Use Permit in existence prior to September 14, 2012 shall be a legal, non-conforming use, provided that it shall continue to comply with all conditions of its permit approval. G. Expiration by Limitation. A bee-keeping or chicken-keeping permit issued in compliance with this Section shall expire and become null and void two (2) years after issuance if the use has never commenced. H. Revocation. Upon written notice to the holder of a bee-keeping or chicken-keeping permit, and a hearing before the Director, the Director may revoke or modify any such permit, on any one or more of the following grounds: 1. That the approval was based on false information submitted by the applicant and that false information had a material bearing on the granting of the permit. 2. That the permit granted is being or recently has been exercised contrary to the Town's adopted Standards for Bee-keeping or the Standards for Chicken-keeping, whichever is applicable; or in violation of any statute, ordinance, law or regulation. 3. That the bee-keeping or chicken-keeping use has been abandoned for a continuous period of at least two(2)years. 4. That the use is declared by the Town to constitute a public nuisance in accordance with Chapter 31 of the Tiburon Municipal Code. Chicken and Honeybee-Keeping Permit Information and Supplemental Application Form 912012 7 I. Periodic Update. The Director shall maintain a record of all approved bee-keeping and chicken- keeping permits and shall review and update the record every two years. At the review,the owner of record shall verify in writing under penalty of perjury that the use is in compliance with the Town's adopted Standards under which it was granted or with all conditions of approval if the use was authorized by a Conditional Use Permit. J. Reporting of Violations.All reporting of bee-keeping or chicken-keeping permit violations shall be in writing, supported by substantial evidence, and directed to the Director. The Director shall notify the owner of record of the property that a complaint has been registered, within ten (10) business days from receipt of any such complaint. The Director shall investigate and issue a written report to the complainant within thirty (30) days from the date of the issuance of the notice outlining the current status of any alleged violation and the steps (if any) that have been requested of the owner of record to remedy the violation should such be found to exist. K. Violations Considered an Infraction. Violations of this Section, and violations of Standards adopted pursuant to this Section, shall be punished as infractions or by administrative citation, in the discretion of the Director and shall be subject to the provisions of Section 16-56.030 (Violations and Penalties) of this Chapter and/or Municipal Code Chapter 31 (Enforcement of Code). L. Violations—Additional Remedies--Injunctions. As an additional remedy, the existence and/or maintenance of any bee-keeping or chicken-keeping use in violation of any provisions of this Section,applicable Standards, or conditions of approval shall be cause for hearing and revocation and may be deemed and may be declared to be a public nuisance and may be deemed subject to summary abatement (i.e., including, without limitation, administrative abatement in compliance with Municipal Code Chapter 31), and/or restrained and enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction. In the event legal action is instituted to abate said violation, the Town shall be entitled to recover its costs and reasonable attorney's fees incurred in prosecuting said action. M. Appeals. An applicant aggrieved by the Director's decision involving the approval, denial, or revocation of a bee-keeping or chicken-keeping permit may appeal such decision to the Planning Commission, pursuant to Section 16-66.020(A), within ten (10) days of the decision. The decision of the Planning Commission on appeal shall be final. Chicken and Honeybee-Keeping Permit Information and Supplemental Application Form 912012 8 LOCAL RESOURCES FOR HONEYBEE-KEEPING WORKSHOPS AND CLASSES 1. Marin County Beekeepers www.marinbeekeepers.org 2. Marin Bee Company www.marilibeecomi)aiiy.com 3. MarinBees.com www.marinbees..com 4. Marin Art& Garden Center www.mage.org 5. Bonnie Bee and Company http://bonniebeecompany.com 6. Sustainable Fairfax www sustainablefairfax.orR. 7. College of Marin www.marin.edu 8. Bay Area Beekeeping www.bavareabeekegping.com Chicken and Honeybee-Keeping Permit Information and Supplemental Application Form 912012 9 F Bagato, Tony From: Stacia Cosgrove [SCosgrove@cityofsacramento.org] Sent: Tuesday, January 12, 2016 10:47 AM To: Bagato, Tony Subject: [SPAM] - RE: HCED Listserve Small-scale Backyard Beekeeping in Residential Zones Hi Tony-The City of Sacramento allows "urban beekeeping" in all residential zones, including single-family (R-1, R-IA, R- IB). It is considered an accessory use to the residential. It is defined as: "Urban agriculture" means the production of food in a form and scale that is appropriate for the urban context and includes market garden; community garden, public; community garden, private; private garden; aquaculture; and urban beekeeping. "Urban beekeeping" means having or ranching no more than two beehives on a single parcel of property. And subject to the following limitations, which apply to urban agriculture in general: 17.228.810 Development standards. Urban agriculture in residential and non-residential zones shall comply with the development standards in this section. A. Maintenance. Urban agriculture uses shall be maintained in an orderly manner, including litter removal, irrigation, weeding, pruning, pest control and removal of dead or diseased plant materials. B. Equipment. 1. Use of mechanized farm equipment is prohibited in residential districts. 2. Exceptions. a. Heavy equipment may be used initially to prepare the land for agriculture use. b. Landscaping equipment designed for household use is permitted. C. Equipment when not in use must be enclosed or otherwise screened from sight. C. Structures. Structures to support urban agriculture, such as storage sheds, hoop-houses, and greenhouses, are permitted, subject to the regulations of the underlying zone. D. Aquaculture operations. 1. Are allowed as an accessory use in residential and residential mixed use zones (R-1, R-1A, R-16, R-2, R- 2A, R-213, R-3, R-3A, R-4, R-4A, R-5, RMX, and RO). The operation shall be contained entirely within an enclosed structure that meets the requirements of chapter 17.624,or in a yard that is screened from view of adjacent streets by fencing or landscaping. 2. Aquaculture operations in non-residential zones are allowed, subject to the regulations of the underlying zone. E. Urban agriculture stands are permitted on the site of an urban agriculture use subject to the following regulations: 1. Urban agriculture stands up to 120 square feet are allowed by right. 2. Urban agriculture stands larger than 120 square feet shall be subject to the approval of a Zoning Administrator Conditional Use Permit. 3. Urban agriculture stands must be temporary, and must be dismantled and removed during non- operating hours. 4. Product sales are limited to produce and value-added products grown and produced on-site. 1 1 5. Operating hours for z ban agriculture stand are limited to 8:OC _...i. to 7:00 p.m. In R-zones, operations shall be further limited to Tuesdays and Saturdays, and a private garden shall be prohibited in the front yard of a lot where an urban agriculture stand is operated. The limitation on the days of operation does not apply to vacant sites in R-zones. 6. Parking for two cars shall be available either on-street or provided in an off-street parking facility accessed by an approved driveway. F. Urban agriculture activities shall include best practices to prevent pollutants from entering the stormwater conveyance system and shall comply with all applicable federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, or regulations, including, but not limited to, the stormwater management and discharge control code in chapter 13.16 and the grading, erosion and sediment control ordinance in chapter 15.88. (Ord. 2015-0005 § 43) This is a recently updated section of the City of Sacramento's code. If you have any additional questions, please let me know. Thanks! Stacia Stacia Cosgrove Principal Planner Community Development Department 300 Richards Blvd., 3rd Floor I Sacramento,CA 95811 916.808.7110 phone scosgrove@citvofsacramento.org SA \,r\j'-'\1 E N T Community Development Mission:To help plan,build,and maintain a great City Vision:To be the best Community Development Department in California Values:Professionalism,Innovation,Courtesy,Collaboration,Consistency From: HCED [maiIto:hced-bounces@lists.cacities.org] On Behalf Of tbagato@cityofpalmdesert.org Sent: Tuesday, January 12, 2016 9:53 AM To: HCED@lists.cacities.org Subject: HCED Listserve Small-scale Backyard Beekeeping in Residential Zones Good morning, The City of Palm Desert is interested in establishing a backyard beekeeping ordinance in single-family zones. I am looking for any examples of small-scale backyard beekeeping for residential zones? Thank you. 2 Tony Bagato Principal Planner/Sustainability Coordinator Community Development E Office Direct:(760) 776-6480 73-510 Fred Waring Dr., Palm Desert,CA 92260 www.cityofpalmdesert.org Be Green! Please don't print this e-mail unless you really need to. 3 CHAPTER 102: BEEKEEPING Page 1 of 3 y Eureka, California Code of Ordinances CHAPTER 102: BEEKEEPING Section 102.001 Purpose 102.002 Definitions 102.003 Applicability 102.004 Standards 102.005 Beekeeping permit § 102.001 PURPOSE. The purpose of this chapter is to allow beekeeping in a manner that is respectful of the safety of persons that may be in close proximity to the apiary. Beekeeping can contribute to pollination, and better harvests in gardens. By contributing to pollination, urban beekeeping is an important complement to urban food production and to the city's Strategic Visioning Goals of 2011. (Ord. 784-C.S.,passed 7-17-12) § 102.002 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this chapter,the following definitions shall apply unless the context clearly indicates or requires a different meaning. APIARY. A place where one or more honeybee colonies are kept. BEEHIVE. Any structure being used to house a colony of honeybees. HONEYBEE COLONY. A cluster of honeybees living together as a colony organism. MOVABLE-FRAME HIVE. Any hive design that allows the beekeeper to readily remove the combs from the hive during hive inspections, in order to monitor and manage conditions within the colony. SWARMING. The natural method of honeybee colonies to reproduce, resulting in the departure of part of the bee population with a queen to create a new honeybee colony. For the purposes of this chapter,the terms BEEHIVE and COLONY are used interchangeably. (Ord. 784-C.S.,passed 7-17-12) http://library.amlegal.com/alpscripts/get-content.aspx 1/12/2016 CHAPTER 102: BEEKEEPING Page 2 of 3 § 102.003 APPLICABILITY. Beekeeping shall only be permitted as specifically allowed within these regulations. (Ord. 784-C.S., passed 7-17-12) § 102.004 STANDARDS. (A) It shall be the duty of every person on whose property bees are kept to adhere to good management practices and maintain bees in a condition that will reasonably prevent excessive swarming and overly defensive behavior. (B) It shall be the responsibility of the person on whose property the bees are kept to provide adequate water for the bees to prevent bees from seeking water in neighboring bird baths,ponds, swimming pools or other community bodies of water. (C) A maximum of four beehives shall be allowed per lot on a parcel of land less than 10,000 square feet. (D) An additional beehive is allowable for each additional 2,500 square feet on a parcel of land with an area over 10,000 square feet, up to a limit of eight beehives per parcel. (E) Beehives are restricted to rear yards; or side yards where the hives are at least 25 feet from the sidewalk, street, or alley, or separated from the front yard by a fence at least six feet high, and in both cases are not visible from the sidewalk, street or alley. Front, rear and side yards are further described in the Eureka Municipal Code, § 155.006 Definitions. (F) In order to ensure the appropriate height of the honeybee flight path: (1) The beehive entrance shall be situated behind a solid fence or hedge that is six feet in height running parallel to the property line of any such neighboring property; or (2) A beehive will be located a minimum of 25 feet away from the neighboring property line. (G) Colonies are only to be kept in a movable-frame hive. (Ord. 784-C.S., passed 7-17-12) § 102.005 BEEKEEPING PERMIT. A beekeeping permit is required prior to establishment of an apiary, as follows: (A) The applicant shall submit and the Animal Control Officer shall review plans demonstrating compliance with the standards of§ 102.004. Plans shall be accompanied by a fee of$25, or as adjusted by the city's annually adopted Fee Schedule. Each beekeeping permit shall be issued for a five-year period. (B) The Animal Control Officer shall cause a notice to be given to all households that reside at property that abuts the property of the proposed apiary. Notice shall state that the beekeeping permit will be approved by the Animal Control Officer unless an appeal is received from one of http://library.amlegal.com/alpscripts/get-content.aspx 1/12/2016 CHAPTER 102: BEEKEEPING Page 3 of 3 r the neighbors within 30 days of the notice. The notice shall include the property address were the apiary is proposed to be established. (C) Within 30 days of receipt of an appeal, the beekeeping permit shall be set for hearing with the City Council. The City Council may approve the permit if it is consistent with the standards of§ 102.004; may approve with conditions of approval to ensure the health and safety of neighbors; or deny the beekeeping permit if it does not meet the standards or is unsafe for neighbors. (Ord. 784-C.S.,passed 7-17-12) http://library.amlegal.com/alpscripts/get-content.aspx 1/12/2016 OUTRIGGER WAIPOULI BEACH RESORT &... $245.00 Booking.com Next on Patch » Santa Monica Police Enourage Residents to Sign Up for Alerts (/caIifornia/santamonica/santa-monica-police-enou rage-residents-sign-alerts) ' Let It Bee: City Council OKs Beekeeping in SM CThe council voted unanimously to allow backyard beekeeping on single-family residential properties. PRIZU By KURT ORZECK(Patch Staff)(/users/kurt-orzeck-2) O December 15,2010 A (http://contribute.patch.com/moderation/9768953) STAY CON 0(http Get the f news ale Enter We never eh ;� ui POW 'ok to St TRENDING 1 Vir Beekeepers are hive-fiving after the Santa Monica voted unanimously Tuesday night Err to allow backyard beekeeping on single-family residential properties. Air (/califorr A maximum of two hives is now allowed on private properties,so long as the news-sh( back-on- beekeeper registers with the city's Animal Control Office and meets beehive-placement requirements,and the bees don't become a nuisance to neighbors on adjacent 2 0 Vir Hu properties.People must set their hives five feet off property lines,and there must be a M six-foot barrier off the property line.Animal-control officers will be permitted to enter BC (/califorr properties at reasonable times to enforce the ordinance. tv-shoots The council agreed to amend MI )al Code keg-for-a More from Santa Monica h Section 4.04.130,which previou<_ , , ohibited 3 lo los • Jefferson Starship Performs in Santa Fwl Monica Tonight beekeeping in Santa Monica.According to the staff (/california/santamonica/jefferson- report,the move was a response to an April 27 Sc` starship-performs-santa-monica- (/califorr tonight) recommendation that the City's Task Force on the duggar-e • Santa Monica Police Enourage Environment evaluate or repeal the code section madison Residents to Sign up for Alerts over growing concern about the population of bees 4 ► TK (/california/santamonica/santa- Tw monica-police-enourage-residents- declining in California. (/califorr sign-alerts) last-voya • 'Summer of the Shark'May Not End Dean Kubani,director of the Office of Sustainability (/california/santamonica/summer- 5 � Ho shark-may-not-end) and the Environment,spoke before the council De • In the LocalStream Santa Monica Tuesday night.After City Councilman Bob Holbrook WE Police said he was"wondering why 100 years of common (/califorr (/california/santamonica/localstream; in-michif • In the LocalStream Santa Monica Fire sense[might be]tossed out,"Kubani indicated that in-them- (/california/santamonica/localstream; other cities that have had similar ordinances in place—including San Francisco; Portland,Oregon; and New York—now allow safe backyard ' beekeeping. Kubani said the OSE has spoken with other city staffs,and that they have BACK T not reported "significant health or nuisance problems." r p IN CET A' Daniel Salisbury,who is with the pro-bee group Backwards Beekeepers (http*//beehuman.blogspot.com/)and spoke with Santa Monica Patch earlier Tuesday, also addressed the council. He said he had introduced the idea of ending the prohibition on beekeeping in Santa Monica,and noted that the practice had been legal in the city in the 1940s. MORE SAN "My main concern is the survival of the bees,"he said,adding that"feral [wild]bees are (/CALIFORI being exterminated on a huge scale."According to the staff report,environmental Jeffers stresses and disease have led to the death or severe weakening of half of California's Santa (/calif( domestic honeybee population over the past 50 years. starsh monic. While Salisbury approves of private beekeeping,he warned,"You have to have some policing of it.Letting everybody have beehives might be a problem if you don't have (/califorr starshlp educated people in animal control who can police this stuff." r#Ikgn Reside When CityCouncilman Bobby Shriver expressed concern that prospective beekeepers (/calif( Y P P P P monic, only need to pay a fee in order to obtain a license,Salisbury agreed that there should resides be training or a program in place. suggested that a Web site be created to provide (/califorr additional information on safe beekeeping. agreed and also proposed that literature monlca- be given to prospective beekeepers when they register with animal control.She also &Ipq End.-- expressed concern about bees being killed on private property. (/calif( shark- As for public property,Kubani reiterated that extermination is only used as a last resort.Santa Monica has a contract with Bee Professionals,a bee-removal contractor, (/califorr shark-m which sets up a barricade around a hive if one is found on public property. If the bees end) haven't dispersed 24 hours later,a removal contractor is tasked to collect the bees and "relocate them to an apiary in the San Fernando Valley or Ventura County,"according Khloe Thousi to the staff report.The colony is exterminated only if that cannot be achieved. Counc F i rewc The council agreed,at the suggestion of Shriver and City Manager Rod Gould,to check (/calif( karda! back in two years to"make sure[beekeeping is]not producing fights between thousi neighbors,"Shriver said."It could be worse than the hedges,"he cracked,referencing counts the notorious battle over outsize hedges on his property(a dispute that initially lured firewo him into politics). (/califorr (For more co% e of Tuesday night's City Council meeting,go is story ykarda�sh/ atf��u�n� (htt�//patch.L_....A-c8NV)about the official beginning of the dE.a,,t over Santa Hours Monica Airport,this story(http://patch.com/A-c8P7)about the Council's virtual stroll Year (/califc through Palisades Garden Walk,and about the council's approval of the$34 million wont-t sale of Pacific Park.) you-sa Across California (/califorr —want=be • Child Actor in Darth Vader Commercial Has Tenth Heart Surgery(Eagle Rock,CA) how-ma (/cal iforn is/santamonica/s/flybv/child-actor-in-darth-vader-commercial-has-tenth- heart-surgery) L Trending Across Patch • Virginia News Show's First Emotional Moments Back On Air(unclean,VA) 209/c (/california/santamonica/s/f7xtl/virginia-news-shows-first-emotional-moments- WIT1 back-on-air) LORD d c TOP NEWS Recommended Child E Comm Surger (/califc °. actor-i Comm, surger (/califorr actor-in- 0 1. Drivers Can't Believe They Didn't Know This New Rule 5 days ago adtrks.net der- n Point(sponsored) Vicar Recall: (/califc mayer early-s M li l (iCduiuri If�a�eu Llit�IgSi Counc • 2. :i 10 Highest Paying Jobs If You Have a 2 Year Dearee..43 Is In Very High Firewc e and 2 weeks ago educatetoadvance.com Educate to Advance Educate'FoAdvance.com(sponsored) (/califc karda! �q thousi: 07counci �wr firewo 9 .e, �� (/califorr ® ka#dsI _ - i Show Comments Blowo, (/califc league califor blowoi VXIJiftt WhOr Warm (/califc witnes ricochr fatally (/califorr witness( bullet-14 TOPICS Arts&Entertainment(/california/santamonica/arts-entertainment) Bulletin Board(/california/santamonica/bulletinboard) Business(/california/santamonica/business) Community Corner(/california/santamonica/around-town) Health&Fitness(/california/santamonica/lifestyle) jobs(/california/santamonica/jobs) Kids&Family(/california/santamonica/kids-family) Local Deals&Classifieds(/california/santamonica/classifieds) Obituaries(/california/santamonica/obituaries) Outdoors(/california/santamonica/going-green) Police&Fire(/california/santamonica/police-fire) Politics&Government(/california/santamonica/politics) Real Estate(/california/santamonica/real-estate) Schools(/california/santamonica/schools) Seasonal&Holidays(/california/santamonica/holidays) Small Business Voices(/california/santamonica/small-business-voices) Sports(/california/santamonica/sports) "(mailto:SantaMonica-CA@Patch.com) (https://facebook.com/SantaMonica Patch) ©(https://twitter.com/StaMo Pdtch Corporate Info Partnerships About Patch Advertise (http://patch.com) (http://corp.patch.com/about) (http://patch.com/advertise-with- Careers&Volunteering us) (http://corp.patch.com/careers- Patch for Businesses volunteering) (https://patch.zendesk.com/hc/en- us/sections/200008123-Busi ness- Directory) What People Are Saying (http://corp.patch.com/what- people-are-saying) ©2015 Patch Media.All Rights Reserved, Patch Network(http://aol.com/) Terms of Use(http://corp.patch.com/terms) Privacy Policy(http://corp.patch.com/privacy) THORSDAY,27 AUGUST 201511:15 AM HOME RTISERS/MARKETING/PUBLIC RELATIONS SUBMIT YOUR NEW'' ONTACTUS ��wp�nc 877,386.90530-.0 WESTSIDE TV SANTA MONICA rY lhR,. Home.News.Proposal Allows Hobbyist Beekeepers in Los Angeles To Maintain Hives in Backyard SEARCH WESTSIDE TODAY WESTSIDE'S LATEST Proposal Allows Hobbyist Beekeepers in Los Angeles To Maintain Hives in Backyard VIDEO:The In-N-Out Effect On The Westside August 26,2015 9:44 am by:Staff Report Category:News Leave a comment A+/A- California Supreme Court Refuses to Review Police Officers Convicted in 2008 � A proposal to allow hobbyist beekeepers in Los Angeles to maintain hives in their Santa Monica Public Library celebrates the backyards won the support of the City s ninth annual Green Prize for Sustainable ce Literature Council's Planning and Land Use Committee today. Extreme Drought Requires Water Users To T Change Habits The panel approved a draft ordinance setting up rules for urban beekeeping,but New committee to push for L.A.Olympics under council rules,the City Attorney's bid 61 Office still needs to prepare a final version. r Hobbyist beekeepers can keep hives in their backyards in Los Dr.Kelsey Martin named interim dean of Councilman Jose Huizar,who chairs the Angeles, medical school at UCLA Planning and Land Use Management Santa Monica Farmer's Market hosts author POLL OF THE WEEK Committee,said he plans to waive the ordinance out of committee once the final draft of the signing of"The Seasonal Jewish Kitchen" ordinance is prepared,so it will go directly to a vote by the full 15-member City Council. STEAM design competition at Santa Monica Under the draft ordinance,beekeeping would only be allowed in certain areas of a single-family Pier location property,essentially restricted to the backyard. Special reading at Malibu Playhouse pays The rules also call for beekeepers to raise walls or hedges that are high enough to keep bees within tribute to 9/11 emergency workers their hive area and to maintain a water source near the hives so the bees would not need to venture VIDEO:Accessible Health Insurance Your outside of the beekeeper's backyard to get hydrated. One Stop Shop If the City Council approves the ordinance,Los Angeles would join Santa Monica in legalizing so-called "backyard"or"urban"beekeeping.The hobby also is allowed in other urban areas such as New York Whole life balance City and Denver. The Los Angeles Planning Department and the City Attorney's Office created the proposed rules after the City Council ordered a study last February into ways to legalize backyard beekeeping. The council action came in response to a growing chorus of Angelenos advocating for"urban „ beekeeping,"including from some residents in the Mar Vista area who said increased beekeeping Vote helps to fight a troubling,downward trend in the bee population that could threaten the health of View Results local agriculture. VIDEO:Your New Pet Is Waiting For You at Polls Archive NKLA Some council members voiced concerns,however,that the bees could pose a danger to residents, with then-Councilman Bernard Parks referring to the National Geographic documentary"Attack of the L.A.Councilman Mike Bonin unimpressed by Killer Bees,"about a dangerous variety of bees that appear to be encroaching into southern United Kardashian fireworks off coast last night States. Adultery Dating Site Ashley Madison Sued Planning officials who consulted bee experts over the last year wrote in a recent city report that the For Failure to Protect Clients'Personal Info variety of honey bees used in beekeeping are"non aggressive,"but may"sting in self-defense of their Kanye West To Receive MTV's Highest hive if it is approached." VMA Honor:Michael Jackson Video ' Vanguard Award FSERVICElor tie report adds that when the bees leave their hives to collect food—potentially coming in contact h humans—they"do not become defensive or aggressive or have reason to sting." Proposal Allows Hobbyist Beekeepers in LosAngeles To Maintain Hives in Backyard G Hsport also noted that Los Angeles already averages about 8 to 10 feral bee hives per each AYmile.The addition of backyard honey bees would not cause a shortage of bee food supply in Los Angeles Councilman Proposed Ideas to iue to the area's steady climate,but if there were a shortage,the feral populations would Boost Affordable Housing the area to find alternative sources of food supply,according to the bee experts consulted Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department 1 by planning officials. Submitted Invest of Fatal Malibu Traffic Crash Invi :aitlyn Jenner Projected Cost and Benefit of Los Angeles Hosting 2024 Olympics Discussed VIDEO:Brock On Your Block-Santa Monica Arts Commission Kanye West To Receive MTV's H... Los Angeles Councilman Proposed Ide... Big victory for Uber,Lyft:LAX passenger pick up now legal About Staff Report View all posts by Staff Report w Mm Related Posts California Supreme Santa Monica Public Extreme Drought Dr.Kelsey Martin Court Refuses to Library celebrates the Requires Water named interim dean Review Police ninth annual Green Users To Change of medical school at Officers Convicted in Prize for Sustainable Habits UCLA 2008 Literature Leave a Comment Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email. All.Rights Reserved(02014 Mirror Media Group .4.04.130 Bees. Page 1 of 2 Santa Monica Municipal Code p 13revious Next gain Fsearch Fprint No Frames Article 4 PUBLIC WELFARE, MORALS AND POLICY Chapter 4.04 ANIMALS 4.04.130 Bees. ...... ........ .......... (a) Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger and more productive queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. (b) General Requirements. (1) Hives may only be maintained on single-family residential property. (2) No more than two hives may be maintained on any single-family residential property. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. (5) Any person intending to maintain any bee hive on any single-family residential property within the City must first register with the City's Animal Control Office. (c) Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees must fly over a six-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. (d) Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Hives shall be requeened at least once every two years to prevent swarming. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee visitation at swimming pools, hose bibs and other water sources on adjacent public or private property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. (e) Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit defensive or objectionable behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Colonies of bees swarm. (3) Bees or hives do not conform to this Code. http://www.gcode.us/codes/santamonica/view.php?topic=4-4_04-4_04_130&frames=on 7/2/2015 . 4.04.130 Bees. Page 2 of 2 (4) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (f) Penalties for Violations. (1) Any person violating this Section shall be guilty of an infraction, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars, or a misdemeanor, which shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the County Jail for a period not exceeding six months or by both such fine and imprisonment. (2) Any person who violates any provision of this Section shall be subject to administrative fines and administrative penalties pursuant to Chapter 1.09 and Chapter 1.10 of this Code. (3) The remedies provided in this Section are not exclusive, and nothing in this Section shall preclude the use or application of any other remedies, penalties or procedures established by law. (Prior code § 4112; amended by Ord. No. 2344CCS, adopted 1/11/11) ........ ........ ........ .. ... ........ _...... ........ ........ ........... View the mobile version. http://www.gcode.us/codes/santamonica/view.php?topic=4-4_04-4_04_130&frames=on 7/2/2015 t { San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) Article 4: Disease Control—Nuisances Division 4: Beekeeping ("Beekeeping"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0401 Purpose and Intent It is the purpose and intent of this division to provide for the safe and orderly keeping of bees in the City of San Diego by establishing certain minimum standards for the keeping of bees to protect the public health, safety and welfare of the residents of the City of San Diego. ("Purpose and Intent"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0402 Definitions Any word or phrase used in this division and not herein defined shall be given the meaning established for such word or phrase by Chapter 1 of Division 13 of the California Agricultural Code. Whenever in this division the term"Commissioner" is used, it shall mean the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and regularly appointed employees of the San Diego County Department of Agriculture. ("Definitions" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0403 Provisions Supplement State Laws This division shall in all respects be construed to supplement and harmonize with the provisions of law of the State of California pertaining to bees and the beekeeping industry. ("Provisions Supplement State Laws"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) §44.0404 Registration Required Within 30 days of establishing an apiary the owner of the apiary shall register the apiary with the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and shall reregister in January of every year thereafter while in possession of the apiary. ("Commissioner May Enter Premises"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) (Retitled to"Registration Required" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0406 Permitted Bee Species Only docile Apis mellifera species(honey bees) shall be permitted by this Division. ("Notice of Violation"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Permitted Bee Species"and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0408 Beekeeping—Locational Requirements (a) An apiary consisting of three or more beehives shall be located no closer than 600 feet from a building used as a residence, other than the residence located on the same premises as the beehives, and a minimum of 100 feet from the public right-of-way. (b) An apiary consisting of two or fewer beehives may be maintained in accordance with the following: (1) The apiary shall be located outside of all required setbacks as established by Chapter 13,Article 1 of this Code, or fifteen feet from the property line and 20 feet from all public rights-of-way, whichever is greater; (2) A minimum 6-foot tall barrier shall surround the beehive leaving sufficient space to properly maintain the beehive except that the barrier shall not be required when the beehive is elevated at least eight feet above grade; (3) The beehive is not visible from the public right-of-way; (4) The beehive is in a location that is secured from unauthorized access; (5) The opening of the beehive faces the most distant property line; (6) The opening of the beehive faces away from entrances and walkways on the premises to the exent possible while ensuring that the entrance faces the most distant property line; (7) The beehive structure is a pale color; and (8) The beehive is requeened at least once every two years. ("Beekeeping—Distance from Buildings" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Locational Requirements"and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 4 4 t ` San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) §44.0410 Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners It shall be unlawful for any person to place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain on land not owned or possessed by such person without first obtaining the permission so to do of the owner or person lawfully in possession of such land. ("Beekeeping—Permission of Landowners" added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0411 Beekeeping—Identification Signs Every person owning an apiary located on premises other than where he resides shall identify such apiary by a sign prominently displayed on the entrance side of the apiary stating, in black letters not less than one inch in height on a background of contrasting color,the name of the owner or person in possession of the apiary, his address and telephone number, or, if he has no telephone, a statement to that effect. ("Beekeeping—Identification Signs"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0412 Beekeeping—Transportation It shall be unlawful for any person to transport hives of bees between sunrise and sunset, or cause the same to be done, unless such bees are confined to the vehicle by which such transportation is accomplished by screen or other equally effective means. ("Beekeeping— Transportation"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0413 Beekeeping—Fire Safety (a) An apiary comprising three or more beehives shall also include a firebreak not less than 30 feet wide around such apiary,which firebreak shall meet the following specifications: (1) Within the 10 foot wide area closest to the apiary, all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be cut or trimmed to a height not greater than six inches above the ground; and (2) Within the area 30 feet from the apiary and lying outside of the outside perimeter of the 10 foot wide area in subparagraph(1), all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be trimmed to a height not greater than 12 inches above the ground. (3) Subsections (1) and (2) shall not be construed to require the cutting or removal of individual live trees,unless such cutting or removal is required in writing by an officer or agency authorized by section 44.0417 to enforce section 44.0413. Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 ` San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (4) Subsection(a) shall not apply if the apiary is maintained in a residential zone area unless the Fire Department determines that a firebreak is necessary to protect the public safety. (b) Every person owning,possessing or controlling an apiary comprising two or fewer beehives shall be required to locate the beehives within Brush management Zone One in accordance with San Diego Municipal Code section 142.0412 (Brush Management). ("Beekeeping—Firebreak"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Retitled to"Beekeeping—Fire Safety" and amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0414 Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials The following fire fighting materials shall be maintained, in good working condition, at all times when the apiary is attended by the keeper, sufficiently near the apiary so as immediately to be available in case of fire: (a) A shovel; and (b) A fire extinguisher, of either the 2 1/2 gallon water—under—pressure type or the 5 gallon back—pump type; provided,that a fire extinguisher, equally effective as those above mentioned, may be used if written authority is first obtained from an officer or agency authorized by Section 44.0417 to enforce this section. A garden hose may be substituted for a fire extinguisher, provided the hose is connected to a source of water. ("Beekeeping—Fire Fighting Materials"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) (Amended 2-22-2012 by 0-20137 N.S.; effective 3-23-2012.) §44.0415 Beekeeping—Bee Smokers A bee smoker, herein defined to mean an appliance utilizing smoke or fire in aid of the manipulation or transportation of bees, shall be used, if at all, in accordance with the following regulations: (a) The bee smoker shall be plugged,while being transported to or from an apiary, with a metal or hardwood plug; (b) All burning or smoldering substances within the bee smoker shall be completely extinguished with water before being transported to or from the apiary, or the bee smoker containing such substances shall be carried in a 4 arr. 4 container which is securely fastened to the vehicle used for the transportation a a a y p thereof; Y San Diego Municipal Code Chapter 4: Health and Sanitation (3-2012) (c) The container shall be used for the transportation of the bee smoker at any time that the bee smoker contains any burning or smoldering substance; (d) The container shall be metal and shall have a top or cover, made of the same material as the container, which shall be securely fastened in the closed position whenever a bee smoker is being transported. ("Beekeeping—Bee Smokers"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0416 Beekeeping—Water Supply for Bees Every person owning,possessing or controlling an apiary shall maintain within ten (10) feet of each apiary a supply of water which shall be equipped with a float valve or similar device which assures an adequate accessible and usable supply of water for the bees. ("Beekeeping— Water Supply for Bees"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) §44.0417 Enforcement Any federal, state, district or city officer or agency that is charged with the duties of fire prevention or control is authorized, within the geographical limits of his or its jurisdiction,to enforce Sections 44.0413 through 44.0415 of this division. ("Enforcement"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S) §44.0419 Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions The provisions of this division shall not apply to any apiary which is located and maintained within a school building or museum for the purpose of study or observation or which is located and maintained within a physician's office or laboratory for the purpose of medical research, medical treatment or scientific purposes. ("Beekeeping Regulated—Exceptions"added 6-8-1977 by 0-12084 N.S.) Ch. Art. Div. 4 1 4 1 4 w BFFKFFPINC, in the CTTY OF SAN DIEG s � In January 2012 the City of San Diego amended its Municipal Code to allow residents of singled family homes, community gardens, and retail farms to keep and maintain two beehives. The ° specific regulations are located in Chapter 4, Article 4, Division 4 of the Municipal Code and can be found by downloading the �". following: Chap 04 Art 04 Div 04, Beekeeping. BENEFITS Where you locate your • Fresh natural honey. s apiary is determined by • Reduction in the number of aggressive (Africanized) R the number of hives bees in the vicinity of the docile honeybee hive. and several factors • Reduced carbon footprint due to local production. related to distance • Increase in the population of docile honeybees. including zone • Increased number of pollinators. n Y setbacks. For specific • Fresh honey can be used to alleviate some seasonal information regarding allergies. the zone setback for your property go to RISKS the following link and ., type in your address: View The primary risk of beekeeping is bee sting. If you are " - your property by address. going to keep bees you will get stung. A small percentage You will then receive the zone of the population is allergic to bee stings (estimates range name for your property. A link to "More form 2 to 5 percent of the population). If you do not Info" takes you to another page that directs know if you are allergic you should have a physician test you to the regulations for your zone. When you. If you are allergic you should not keep bees. The viewing the regulations go to the Development docile honeybees that are permitted by this ordinance are Regulations Table for your zone and look up not aggressive. Beekeeping when done properly poses "Setback Requirements." You can also call very limited risks to surrounding properties or property the Development Services Department's owners. The following provide a way to reduce the risks: information line at (619) 446-5000, provide . Discuss beekeeping with your neighbors. your address and request the name of . Open/manipulate hives only during favorable weather. your zone and the zoning setback • Survey your surroundings for neighbors and pets I information. You will receive a before opening/manipulating the hive. return call with the information. . Face the hive opening away from entrances and walkways, and toward the most distant property line. • Even if you are not allergic consider getting an epi- pen from your physician, so that one is always on hand. ON s " i 6 SUMMARY OF REGULATIONS FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS • A beekeeper shall register the apiary with the San Is a permit required to keep bees? Diego County Agricultural Commissioner within Beekeeping in the City of San Diego 30 days of establishing the apiary. does not require a permit U�• An apiary of three or more hives must be at least however, as stated in the P 600 feet from a building used as a residence and regulations beekeepers are 100 feet from the public right-of-way. required to register their • An apiary of one or two hives must be located hives with the County of outside of all setbacks, or fifteen feet from the San Diego Department property line and 20 feet from the public right-of- of Agriculture, Weights way, whichever is greater and Measures. • An apiary of one or two hives must do the1r, Wby do bees sting? E following: Bees sting only to protect :._ ... • Locate the beehive in a secured area. the hive. • Requeen the beehive every two years. • Locate the beehive so that it is not visible from Hou,far do honey bees fly to get food? the public right-of way. They can fly three to four miles to • Surround the beehive with a six-foot tall barrier collect nectar and pollen but generally no more unless it is at least eight feet above the ground. than one mile. How much honey does a beebive produce? p On average a hive would produce approximately 25 pounds of honey a season. s 'x How long do bees live? 8 Worker bees live about 40 days. A queen bee can live up to 5 years but for beekeeping purposes a queen is passed her prime at three years. The regulations require that the beekeeper replace the queen every two years. Are honey bees responsible for all plant pollination? Not all but most. Honey bees are responsible at least a third of all our food crops and even cotton ;.. crops. Other animals that pollinate include bats, butterflies, and birds. OTHER INFORMATION " RESOURCES Additional information regarding keeping and main- taining chickens can be found at the following web- Na_ sites. • San Diego beekeeping Society f a.` 4>>4v�v.sandigobeekepn soc.i€ty.coin t . N . a :,,.,. • American Beekeeping Federation www.abfnet.org ( n: Y 1,F 4W S7i2i Wellness Sub-Committee: Thom Bettinger,Joe Jackson, Mark Polischak The Wellness Sub-Committee began a study of urban bee-keeping at the request of the Sustainability Commission and Manager Michele Mician in February 2014. This was prompted by a city resident who was seeking a legal path to keep his bee hives within the city limits of Palm Springs.At the present time, the procedure is to apply for a conditional use permit, which has significant fees. The sub-committee reviewed the following documents as a part of our study: *City of Palm Springs Conditional Use Permit application *City of Palm Springs Planning Department summary on bees *Bee-keeping codes from State of Florida Municipal Governments,Aurora CO, Salt Lake City UT, Tucson AZ, Madison WI, San Mateo, Santa Monica, Riverside County, and other Desert Cities in California *University of California-Riverside Entomology FAQ sheet on Bees *Conversations and interviews with city residents Review of these documents indicated a number of issues consistently addressed by each municipality and experienced bee-keeper.These considerations include: *number of hives allowed in each location *lot size and property line set-backs *availability of attractive water for bees *preferred bee species and the concern of Africanization of domestic bees *creating flyways using hedges and walls *code enforcement by trained, knowledgeable inspectors A conversation with a local bee-keeping expert was especially informative and frank. Bee-keeping, as with most serious hobbies, requires considerable education, experience, and money. Each hive costs $200 and protective suits are $50+. Appropriate organic or chemical treatments are required for desert pests. Novice bee-keepers need significant mentoring. Lots of one acre or more are ideal for bees, however bees will forage 3-5 miles. Even with nearby water, bees go to the most attractive site, and according to our resident keeper"bees and pools don't mix."While the concern over swarms and stings is generally unfounded for humans (approximately 1% has a true bee allergy), bees can attack domestic cats and dogs,with 5-6 stings fatal. Given the information presently available to the sub-commission, we do not intend to move forward with any continued review, study sessions, or recommendations for change in city code regarding bees. With the urban nature of the City, the presence of swimming pools, number of resident requests, and the need for expert code enforcement by the City,we do not find it advisable to move forward at this time. A future possibility would be to create a "Community Bee Yard" in an appropriate location which would allow for experienced bee-keepers as mentor/leaders. r , County of San Diego Code of Regulatory Ordinances Title 6, Health and Sanitation ARTICLE 1 . DEFINITIONS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS SEC. 62.901. DEFINITIONS. Any word or phrase hereinafter used and not herein defined shall be given the meaning established for such word or phrase by the California Agricultural Code. Whenever in this chapter the term "Commissioner" is used, it shall mean the San Diego County Agricultural Commissioner and regularly appointed employees of the San Diego County Department of Agriculture acting pursuant to his instructions. (Amended by Ord. No. 3429 (N.S.), effective 11-27-69) SEC. 62.902. PROVISIONS SUPPLEMENT LAWS. This chapter shall in all respects be construed to supplement and harmonize with the provisions of law of the State of California pertaining to bees and the beekeeping industry. SEC. 62.903. COMMISSIONER MAY ENTER PREMISES. The Commissioner is hereby empowered to enter upon any premises where bees are kept, or upon which he has reason to believe that bees are kept, in order to carry into effect the provisions of this chapter. SEC. 62.904. INTERFERENCE WITH COMMISSIONER. It shall be unlawful for any person to interfere with the official actions of the Commissioner. SEC. 62.905. NOTICE OF VIOLATION. Any person who violates any provisions of this chapter may be served with a written notice to cease or remedy such violation by the Commissioner or by any law enforcement officer of the County. Said notice shall require that such person cease or remedy the violation within 48 hours. Any person who fails to cease or remedy the violation within said 48 hour period is guilty of an infraction. The notice required by this section shall be served personally on such person or, if he cannot be readily found, shall be served by mail (return receipt requested) or, if he cannot be served by mail, then service shall be accomplished by posting such notice on a conspicuous place on or near the apiary where the violation occurred. The 48-hour period for which such notice provides shall commence to run from the time on the day such notice is served pursuant to this section. (Amended by Ord. No. 5200 (N.S.), effective 8-10-78) SEC. 62.906. VIOLATIONS AN INFRACTION. Every person who violates any provision of this chapter other than Section 62.925, and who has been served with written notice of such violation in the manner prescribed herein, and who fails or refuses to comply with such written notice, shall be guilty of an infraction. Every person who violates any provision of Section 62.925 shall be guilty of an infraction immediately upon such violation. (Repealed and reenacted by Ord. No. 2709 (N.S.), effective 8-6-64; amended by Ord. No. 2844 (N.S.), effective 7-22-65; amended by Ord. No. 5200 (N.S.), effective 8-10-78) SEC. 62.907. ABATEMENT OF NUISANCE. Section 62.906 notwithstanding, if the Commissioner determines that the violation of any provision of this chapter constitutes a public nuisance to the extent that the health, safety or welfare of the public is endangered through such violation, the Commissioner may forthwith take such steps to abate such nuisance as to him or her seems necessary and proper in the circumstances; provided, however, that the Commissioner shall not cause the destruction of any bees or any apiary unless in his or her opinion the nuisance cannot otherwise be effectively and timely abated, or the bees have been determined to be Africanized. Alternatively, the Commissioner may commence proceedings in accordance with the Uniform Public Nuisance Abatement Procedure contained in Chapter 2, Division 6, Title 1 (commencing with Section 16.201) of this Code or any other procedure permitted by law. No apiary operation certified as free from Africanized Honey Bee and maintained for commercial or hobbyist purposes and in a manner consistent with the other provisions of this ordinance, shall be or become a nuisance, private or public, due to the presence of Africanized Honey Bee in the County. (Amended by Ord. No. 7141 (N.S.), effective 6-26-86; amended by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.908. KEEPING OF AFRICANIZED HONEY BEES. No person shall willingly and knowingly keep an apiary of Africanized bees until such time as the Commissioner declares that the keeping of apiaries in the County that are free from Africanized Honey Bee is no longer possible. (Added by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.909. FEES. The Commissioner is authorized to negotiate with the incorporated cities in the County regarding the enforcement of beekeeping ordinances and to establish fees for such services and enforcement. (Added by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) ARTICLE 2. GENERAL REGULATIONS SEC. 62.921. IDENTIFICATION SIGNS. Every person owning an apiary located on premises other than where he resides shall identify such apiary by a sign prominently displayed on the entrance side of the apiary stating, in black letters not less than one inch in height on a background of contrasting color, the name of the owner or person in possession of the apiary, his address and telephone number, or, if he has no telephone, a statement to that effect. Any apiary certified as free from Africanized Honey Bee shall be entitled to post a sign stating "this apiary certified free from Africanized Honey Bee as of (date)." (Amended by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.922. DISTANCE OF APIARY FROM ROADS. No person shall place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain, so close to the public road as to constitute a nuisance or hazard to persons using such road, and in no case shall an apiary be placed, kept, or allowed to remain within 100 feet of the exterior line of the traveled portion of a public road. SEC. 62.923. DISTANCE FROM BUILDINGS. No person shall place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain, closer than 600 feet to any house or building used as a dwelling, other than a house or building owned or possessed by such person. SEC. 62.924. PERMISSION OF LANDOWNERS. No person shall place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain, on land not owned or possessed by such person without first obtaining the permission so to do of the owner or person lawfully in possession of such lands. SEC. 62.925. TRANSPORTATION OF BEES. No person shall transport hives of bees between sunrise and sunset, or cause the same to be done, unless such bees are confined to the vehicle by which such transportation is accompanied by screens or other equally effective means. ARTICLE 3. FIRE PROTECTION REQUIRED FOR APIARIES* *Cross references)--County fire code, § 35.300.001 et seq. SEC. 62.941. FIREBREAK. Every person owning, possessing or controlling an apiary shall maintain a firebreak not less than 30 feet wide around such apiary, which firebreak shall meet the following specifications: (a) Within the 20-foot wide area closest to the apiary, a 10-foot wide area shall be cleared to mineral soil of all combustible material, and all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be cut or trimmed to a height not greater than 6 inches above the ground throughout the area of the apiary lying within the inside perimeter of said 10-foot wide area; and (b) Within the area 30 feet distant from the apiary and lying outside of the outside perimeter of the 10-foot wide area mentioned in subparagraph (a), all flammable or combustible vegetation or material shall be trimmed to a height not greater than 12 inches above the ground. Subparagraphs (a) and (b) shall not be construed to require the cutting or removal of individual live trees, unless such cutting or removal is required in writing by an officer or agency authorized by Section 62.945 to enforce this article. SEC. 62.942. FIRE FIGHTING MATERIALS. The following fire fighting materials shall be maintained, in good working condition, at all times when the apiary is attended by the keeper thereof, sufficiently near the apiary so as immediately to be available in case of fire: (a) A shovel; and (b) A fire extinguisher, of either the 2-1/2 gallon water-under-pressure type or the 5 gallon backpump type; provided, that a fire extinguisher, equally effective as those above mentioned, may be used if written authority therefor is first obtained from an officer or agency authorized by Section 62.945 to enforce this article. SEC. 62.943. BEE SMOKERS. A bee smoker, herein defined to mean an appliance utilizing smoke or fire in aid of the manipulation or transportation of bees, shall be used, if at all, in accordance with the following regulations: (a) The base smoker shall be plugged, while being transported to or from an apiary, with a metal or hardwood plug; (b) All burning or smoldering substances within the bee smoker shall be completely extinguished with water before being transported to or from the apiary, or the bee smoker containing such substances shall be carried in a container which is securely fastened to the vehicle used for the transportation thereof; (c) The container shall be used for the transportation of the bee smoker at any time that the bee smoker contains any burning or smoldering substance; (d) The container shall be metal and shall have a top or cover, made of the same material as the container, which shall be securely fastened in the closed position whenever a bee smoker is being transported. SEC. 62.944. VIOLATION. (Repealed by Ord. No. 5200 (N.S.), effective 8-10-78) SEC. 62.945. ENFORCEMENT. Any federal, State, district or County officer or agency that is charged with duties of fire prevention or control is authorized, within the geographical limits of his/her or its jurisdiction, to enforce the provisions of this article. ARTICLE 4. CERTIFICATE OF APIARY INSPECTION* *Note--Added by Ord. No. 2935 (N.S.), effective 4-14-66. SEC. 62..961. INSPECTION AUTHORIZED. The Commissioner is authorized, upon the request of the owner or shipper of an apiary who requires a Certificate of Apiary Inspection in order to move such apiary to another state, to inspect such apiary for disease, or the presence of Africanized Honey Bee. (Amended by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.962. ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE. The Commissioner shall issue a Certificate of Apiary Inspection after making the inspection authorized by Section 62.961. Such Certificate shall be substantially the same form as the certificate issued with respect to the movement of bees into the State of California pursuant to Section 29093 of the Agricultural Code. (Amended by Ord. No. 3429 (N.S.), effective 11-27-69; amended by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.963. FEE. The Commissioner shall not make the inspection authorized by Section 62.961 until he has first been paid the inspection fee established by the Board of Supervisors. (Amended by Ord. No. 3948 (N.S.), effective 9-21-72; amended by Ord. No. 5944 (N.S.), effective 1-1-81; amended by Ord. No. 6715 (N.S.), effective 2-17-84) ARTICLE 5. CERTIFICATE OF COLONY STRENGTH AND CERTIFICATE OF PESTICIDE LOSS* *Note--Added by Ord. No. 3948 (N.S.), effective 9-21-72. SEC. 62.981. CERTIFICATION AUTHORIZED. The Commissioner is authorized, upon the request of the beekeeper or agricultural producer involved, to: (a) inspect and certify as to colony strength for bees used in pollination of agricultural crops; and (b) inspect and certify as to loss of bees due to pesticide use pursuant to the U.S. Department of Agriculture Beekeeper Indemnity Payment Program. (c) inspect and certify as to colonies being apparently free from Africanized Honey Bee. (Amended by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.982. ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE. The Commissioner shall issue a certificate attesting to the colony strength based on the system established by the Secretary of Food and Agriculture, or with respect to pesticide losses shall issue a certificate in accordance with procedures established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for the Beekeeper Indemnity Payment Program; or certifying that the apiary is free from Africanized Honey Bee. (Amended by Ord. No. 8358 (N.S.), effective 3-17-94) SEC. 62.983. FEE. Pursuant to Sec. 29276, California Food Agricultural Code, and San Diego County Board of Supervisors, Minute Order No. 3 (6/17/80), the Commissioner shall not issue the certificates authorized by Sec. 62.981 until a full cost inspection fee is paid, as per resolution of the Board of Supervisors. (Amended by Ord. No. 7309 (N.S.), effective 7-2-87) Save the Pollinators Act LA Resolution-D(Xv2X2 23jrrtuj70FGM36PnRELkPQWH7hMSfHvyyFNwkDDhOc3 10o328A 6123/15, 11:39 AM RESOLUTION WHEREAS,any official position of the City of Los Angeles with respect to legislation,rules, regulations,or policies proposed to or pending before a local,state, or federal governmental body or agency must first have been adopted in the form of a Resolution by the City Council with the concurrence of the Mayor;and WHEREAS,in just the past few years, "colony collapse disorder" (CCD)has been plaguing bees across the country,leading to massive population die-offs.Between the end of 2012 and the end of 2013,U.S.beekeepers lost an average of 45 percent of their colonies,which threatens not only their livelihoods,but the very existence of one of the world's most vital pollinators and,by extension,the long-term security of our food supply; and WHEREAS,pollination services are a huge component of U.S. agriculture worth$20-30 billion annually.Bees,in particular,are absolutely necessary for the production of a third of the food produced in North America,including almonds,avocados,cranberries,apples and much more.Bee-pollinated crops provide nearly all of our dietary Vitamin A,Vitamin E and over half of the calcium and fluoride we consume.Additionally,about one-third of iron in our diets is provided by bee-pollinated crops,including fruits and nuts;and WHEREAS,California's biggest agricultural export,its$4 billion almond industry,depends on pollinators for the success of the crop which makes up 84 percent of global almond production. Without California's almonds,there would be a tremendous shortage of almonds worldwide; and WHEREAS,scientists have linked the symptoms of CCD with the abundant use of pesticides,specifically the neonicotinoid class.Exposure to these systemic insecticides over time can lead to sublethal effects like impaired foraging and feeding,weakened immunity to diseases and pests and stunted development;and WHEREAS,the European Union has enacted a ban on the major neonicotinoids in an effort to protect pollinators.The European Food Safety Authority(EFSA)concluded that neonicotinoids posed a"high acute risk"to pollinators and that more research must be conducted to explore precisely how these chemicals are connected to loss of bee colonies; and WHEREAS,U.S.Representative John Conyers,Jr's "Saving America's Pollinators Act of 2013" (H.R.2692)would require the EPA to suspend the use of four of the pesticides belonging to the neonicotinoids class(imidacloprid,clothianidin,thiamethoxam,dinotafuran)until their safety can be determined.The bill would also charge the EPA with monitoring bee health and preparing an annual report on the status of bees in the United States; NOW,THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED,with concurrence of the Mayor,that by adoption of this Resolution,the City of Los Angeles hereby includes in its 2013-2014 Federal Legislative Program SPONSORSHIP/SUPPORT for the"Saving America's Pollinators Act of 2013"(H.R. 2692)in order to protect the health of America's pollinators and,by extension, our food supply. PRESENTED BY PAUL KORETZ MIKE BONIN MITCH O'FARRELL Councilmember,5'h District Councilmember, 11`'District Councilmember, 13'h District CS...l ____xr https:/Iwww.dropboxstatic.com/staticiiavascript/external/pdf-js-e...1XXv2X2uCdC23jmuj7OFGM36PnRELkPQWH7hM8fHvyyMwkDDhOc33rSRQOo32BA Page 1 of 2 Save the Pollinators Act IA Resolution-1XXv2XW lJmuj70FGM36PnRELkPQWH7hM8fHvyyFNwkDDhOc33i )32BA 6123/15,11:39 AM JDI.Vl`[LlStl D T https://www•dropboxstatic.com/static/javascriptlexternal/pdf-js-e...1XXv2X2uCdC23jmuj7OFGM36PnRELkPQWH7hMgfHvyyFNwkDDhOc33rSRQ0o32BA Page 2 of 2 Proposed Backyard Beeping Ordinance. Definitions. (1) "Bee" shall mean any stage of the common domestic honey bee, Apis Mellifera species. (2) "Hive" shall mean a structure for the housing of a bee colony. (3) "Requeen" means to replace the queen bee in a colony with a younger queen, a common practice in beekeeping to prevent bee swarming. Purpose. (1) The purpose of backyard beeping is to promote the hobby of beekeeping in a safe and sustainable manner, not for production of honey on a commercial basis. (2) Backyard beekeeping is a way to mitigate the decline in population of honeybee pollinators in the United States and in the Coachella Valley. (3) Improved pollination increases the local flower pollination resulting in the beautification of our landscape. It also increases the yield of local fruit trees and gardens in our city, thereby decreasing the dependence on outside farming and fossil fuels in our area. Indirectly this will decrease the city's carbon footprint and financial stress on our residents. (4) Reintroduction of more docile strains of honey bee can displace some of the Africanized strains of honey bees in the Palm Desert area. General Requirements. (1) The applicant shall be registered as a beekeeper with the County of Riverside Department of Agricultural Commissioner. (2) No more than one hive may be maintained on any residential property per each 2500 square feet of total property occupied by the residence. (3) All bee colonies shall be kept in inspectable hives consisting of moveable frames and combs. (4) Hives must be kept in sound and usable condition at all times. Hive Placement Requirements. (1) Hives shall be located at least five feet from all property lines. (2) Hive entrances shall face away from or parallel to the nearest property line(s). (3) Hives must either be screened so that the bees fly over a five-foot barrier, which may be vegetative, before leaving the property, or be placed at least eight-feet above the adjacent ground level. Hive Management Requirements. (1) Hives shall be continually managed to provide adequate living-space for their resident bees to prevent swarming. (2) Colonies shall be re-queened following any swarming or aggressive behavior. (3) A water source for bees shall be provided at all times on the property where the bees are kept to discourage bee reliance on water sources of an adjacent property. (4) Hive maintenance materials or equipment must be stored in a sealed container or placed within a building or other bee-proof enclosure. Nuisance. Bees or hives shall be considered a public nuisance when any of the following occurs: (1) Colonies of bees exhibit repeatedly aggressive behavior, or interfere with the normal use of neighboring properties. (2) Bees or hives do not conform to this code. (3) Hives become abandoned by resident bees or by the owner. (4) Improper management will be determined by a qualified beekeeper or beekeeping society in consultation. TABLE 3 BEEKEEPING ORDINANCES IN SANTA BARBARA COUNTY ORDINANCE Santa Barbara County Yes Buellton No Carpinteria No Goleta Yes Guadalupe Yes Lompoc Yes Santa Barbara Yes Santa Maria Yes Solvang Yes TABLE 4 SANTA BARBARA COUNTY ARTICLE V. BEEKEEPING Sec. 7-27. Generally, construction of provisions. The unregulated and improper keeping of bees and apiaries in the county has become a nuisance and a hazard to the safety of landowners, road users and the public generally. This article shall in all respects be construed to supplement and harmonize with the provisions of law of the state pertaining to bees and the beekeeping industry. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec, 7-28. Definitions. Any word or phrase hereinafter used in this article and not herein defined shall be given the meaning established for such word or phrase by the California Agricultural Code as it now is or may hereafter be amended. Whenever in this article the term "commissioner" is used, it shall mean the county agricultural commissioner and regularly appointed employees of the county department of agriculture acting pursuant to his instructions. Whenever in this article the term "fire chief' is used, it shall mean and include the county fire chief,the state forester,the district rangers and officers and foresters of the United States government or any of their deputies and employees, and the chief engineer or fire chief or chief executive officer of any district, or any of their deputies and employees. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec. 7-29. Identification of apiary. Every person owning an apiary located on premises other than where he resides shall identify such apiary as is now provided or hereafter may be provided by the laws of the state. (Ord. No. 2580 § 6) Sec. 7-30. Right of commissioner and fire chief to enter premises; interference with commissioner of fire chief. The commissioner and fire chief are hereby empowered to enter upon any premises where bees are kept, or upon which they have reason to believe that bees are kept, in order to carry into effect the provisions of this article,respectively enforceable by each. It shall be unlawful for any person to interfere with the official actions of the commissioner or fire chief. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec, 7-31. Restrictions on location of apiary. No person shall place or keep an apiary, or cause to allow an apiary to remain so close to a public or private road used by the public as to constitute a nuisance or hazard to persons using such road. Except when pollinating crops, no apiary shall be located within three hundred feet of a property line.No person shall place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary,to remain closer than six hundred feet to any building used as a dwelling other than buildings owned by such person, without the permission of the occupant of such building. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec, 7-32. Permission of landowner or tenant required for placement of apt. No person shall place or keep an apiary, or cause or allow an apiary to remain on land not owned or possessed by such person without first obtaining the written permission of the owner or person lawfully in possession of such land. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec. 7-33. Transportation of bees. Except in case of an emergency,hives of bees being transported on public roads or highways at a time when the bees are flying shall have the bees substantially confined by screens or other means to the vehicle by which the bees are being transported. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec, 7-34. Apiary water supply. Every apiary shall be provided with water by the apiary owner at the time that the set is made, and such water shall be maintained by the apiary owner so long as the apiary stays on such property, unless the landowner gives written permission for the apiary to use water situated on the land where the apiary is located. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec. 7-35. Fire prevention. Any person owning, leasing, controlling, operating or maintaining any apiary in, upon or adjoining any hazardous fire area, and any person owning, leasing or controlling any land adjacent to such apiary shall at all times: (a)Maintain around and adjacent to such apiary an effective firebreak made by removing and clearing away, for a distance there from of not less than thirty feet on each side thereof, all flammable vegetation or other combustible growth. This article shall not apply to single specimens of trees, ornamental shrubbery or similar plants used as ground covers;provided,that they do not form a means of rapidly transmitting fire from the native growth to any structure. (b) Maintain arotum and adjacent to any such apiary additional fire protection or firebreak made by removing all brush, flammable vegetation, or combustible growth located from thirty feet to one hundred feet from such apiary as may be required by the fire chief when he finds that because of extra hazardous conditions a firebreak of only thirty feet around such apiaries is not sufficient to provide reasonable fire safety. Grass and other vegetation located more than thirty feet from such apiary and less than eighteen inches in height above the ground may be maintained where necessary to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion. No person shall use any lighted or smoldering material in connection with smoking bees except by the authority of a written permit from the fire chief. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) Sec. 7-36. Notice of violation of article. Any person who violates any provisions of this article may be served with a written notice to cease or remedy such violation by the commissioner. Any person who violates the fire provisions of this article may be served with a written notice to cease or remedy such violation by the fire chief. Such notice shall require that such person cease or remedy the violation within forty-eight hours. Any person who fails to cease or remedy the violation within such forty-eight hour period is guilty of a misdemeanor. The notices required by this section shall be served personally on such person or, if he cannot be readily found, shall be served by mail,return receipt requested; or, if he cannot be served by mail, then service shall be accomplished by posting a notice in a conspicuous place on or near the apiary where the violation occurred. The forty—eight hour period for which such notices provide shall commence to run from the time on the day a notice is served pursuant to this section. (Ord.No. 2580, § 6) City of Goleta Same as County of Santa Barbara City of Guadalupe Apiary Regulations 6.08.020 Beekeeping restrictions. It is unlawful for any person to keep or maintain, or cause or permit to be kept or maintained, any bees within the city; provided however,that nothing in this section shall be deemed or construed to prohibit the keeping of bees in a hive or box located and kept within a school building or similar educational research institution for the purpose of study, observation or other scientific purposes. City of Lompoc Apiary Regulations Section 0610. Keeping of Bees. No person shall keep any hive of bees within 600 feet of any residence (not including the residence of the beekeeper),hospital, school, church, office building, store, hotel, apartment house, or any other place of habitation. This Section shall not apply to the keeping of bees within an educational institution for study or observation, or within a physician's office or laboratory for medical research, treatment, or other scientific purposes, provided they are not permitted to fly at large. (Ord.No. 1006(77), adopted 2/15/77) From City Website under Ordinances: 6.04.110 Keeping of Bees. No person shall keep any hive of bees within 600 feet of any residence (not including the residence of the beekeeper),hospital,school,church,office building,store,hotel,apartment house,or any other place of habitation.This Section shall not apply to the keeping of bees within an educational institution for study or observation,or within a physician's office or laboratory for medical research,treatment,or other scientific purposes,provided they are not permitted to fly at large. (Prior code § 0610) City of Santa Barbara Apiary Regulations 6.28.010 Beekeeping. It shall be unlawful for any person to keep bees within the City of Santa Barbara except in a manner in compliance with the provisions of this chapter. (Ord. 3769, 1975; Ord. 3642, 1974.) 6.28.020 Conditions for Beekeeping. Each person, firm, company, corporation or other organization maintaining one or more colonies of honey bees,AApis millifera, in the City of Santa Barbara shall comply with the following conditions: (a) Each colony shall be maintained in movable-frame hives; (b) Adequate space shall be maintained in the hive to prevent over-crowding and swarming or aggressive behavior; (c) Each colony shall be registered with the County Agricultural Commissioner. (Ord. 3769, 1975; Ord. 3642, 1974.) 6.28.030 Number and Location of Hives. (a)No more than four hives shall be maintained on lots having less than 10,000 square feet of area. On lots larger than 10,000 square feet, no more than one hive shall be maintained for each 5,000 square feet of additional lot area. (b) Hives shall not be placed in the following locations: (1) Withi.. ,venty lineal feet of any public street, siaewalk, or other public thoroughfare (2) On any structure higher than six feet located within the required set back area of the lot, as provided in the Zoning Ordinance. (Ord. 3769, 1975; Ord. 3642, 1974.) 6.28.040 Compliance with State Law. Each person, firm, company, corporation or other organization maintaining one or more colonies of honey bees,�millifera, in the City of Santa Barbara shall comply with all State regulations governing bee management and honey production as provided in Division 13 of the Agricultural Code of the State of California. Violations of those regulations shall be enforced by the County Agricultural Commissioner. (Ord. 3769, 1975; Ord. 3642, 1974.) City of Santa Maria Apiary Regulations Section 5-3.700.Article 7. Beekeeping Section 5-3.701. When permitted. It is unlawful for any person to engage in commercial beekeeping; that is, the keeping of bees for commercial purposes within the City. It is unlawful for any person to keep bees for noncommercial purposes within the City, except in the manner prescribed in, and in compliance with the provisions of this section and following sections; provided, that nothing in this article shall be deemed or construed to prohibit the keeping of bees in a hive or box located and kept within a school building or similar educational or research institution for the purpose of study, observation or other scientific purpose. (Prior Code § 3-4) Section 5-3.702. Maintenance and control. Each person maintaining one (1) or more colonies of bees(which bees may only be of the variety or species known as honey bees,Apis millifera) in the City shall comply with the following conditions: (a) Each colony shall be maintained in movable frame hives. (b)Adequate space shall be maintained in the hive to prevent overcrowding and swarming or aggressive behavior. (c) Colonies shall be re-queened following any swarming or aggressive behavior. (d) Each colony shall be registered with the County Agricultural Commissioner. (e) Each colony, and all bees therein, shall at all times be under the control of the owner or keeper thereof, and shall not be permitted upon the property of another in such a manner that it disturbs the peace and quiet enjoyment of other persons within the City. Upon complaint of any resident or owner of property within the City, and upon determination by the Director of Community Development of a violation of this subsection(e),the violator shall forthwith remove the colony, and all bees therein, to a location not less than three hundred (300) feet from the exterior boundaries of the complaining owner or resident's property. (Prior Code § 3-4.1) Section 5-3.703.Number and location of hives. All colonies shall be maintained and located in the following manner: (a)No more than four(4).0 yes shall be maintained on lots having less than ten thousand (10,000) square feet in area. On lots having more than ten thousand(10,000) square feet in area, no more than one (1) additional hive may be maintained for each five thousand (5,000) square feet of additional lot area. (b)No hives shall be located within ten(10) feet of any property line except when situated and maintained eight(8) feet or more above adjacent ground level. (Prior Code § 3-4.2) Section 5-3.704. Compliance with State provisions. (a)Each person maintaining one(1) or more colonies of bees in the City shall comply with all State regulations governing bee management and honey production, as provided in Division 13 (Section 29001 and following) of the Agriculture Code of the State, and any and all regulations adopted pursuant thereto. (b)Violations of the Agriculture Code, or regulations, shall be enforced by the County Agricultural Commission. (c)Violations of this article not involving the Agriculture Code or regulations shall be enforced by the Director of Community Development. (Prior Code § 3-4.3) City of Solvang Apiary Regulations 14.04.030 4. Small animals (e.g., chickens, birds, ducks, rabbits, bees, etc.) shall be permitted provided that: a. Such small animals are for the domestic use of the residents of the lot only and are not kept for commercial purposes. b. the keeping of such small animals is not injurious to the health, safety, or welfare of the neighborhood and does not create offensive noise or odor as determined by the Planning Director. c. Enclosures for such small animals shall be no closer than 25 feet to any dwelling. (Adopted by Ord.No. 90-112; eff.August 22, 1990). tbb0tL�ydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xs6 """ImYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM i NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND ap ER POLLINATORS Pollinator Health Task Force MAY 19, 2015 @ ! S 3 tt https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 1 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9� "--Ggrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/J*avascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 Page 2 of 70 tbbOtUPydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xs1, ""ImYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM May 19,2015 On behalf of the Pollinator Health Task Force,we are pleased to transmit the National Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators(Strategy).Developed through a collaborative effort across the Executive Branch,this Strategy outlines a comprehensive approach to tackling and reducing the impact of multiple stressors on pollinator health,including pests and pathogens,reduced habitat,lack of nutritional resources,and exposure to pesticides.Building on the current state of the science,and with a renewed emphasis on expanding our understanding of the complex interactions among the various factors impacting pollinator health,the Strategy lays out current and planned Federal actions to achieve the following overarching goals: • Honey Bees: Reduce honey bee colony losses during winter(overwintering mortality)to no more than 15%within 10 years.This goal is informed by the previously released Bee Informed Partnership surveys and the newly established quarterly and annual surveys by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service.Based on the robust data anticipated from the national, statistically-based NASS surveys of beekeepers,the Task Force will develop baseline data and additional goal metrics for winter,summer,and total annual colony loss. • Monarch Butterflies:Increase the Eastern population of the monarch butterfly to 225 mil- lion butterflies occupying an area of approximately 15 acres(6 hectares)in the overwintering grounds in Mexico,through domestic/international actions and public-private partnerships, by 2020. • Pollinator Habitat Acreage:Restore or enhance 7 million acres of land for pollinators over the next 5 years through Federal actions and public/private partnerships. The Strategy addresses the four themes central to the June 2014 Presidential Memorandum"Creating a Federal Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators;`namely:conducting research to understand, prevent, and recover from pollinator losses;expanding public education programs and outreach;increasing and improving pollinator habitat;and developing public-private partnerships across all these activities.A critical component of the Strategy is to advance the science underpinning the government's land management and regulatory decisions.To this end,the Task Force has prepared the accompanying"Pollinator Research Action Plan,"which outlines gaps in current knowledge of pollinators and pollinator declines,and identifies priority research efforts needed to close these gaps. The Strategy also advances ambitious Federal commitments to increase and improve habitat for pollina- tors, both directly through the large variety of facilities and acreages of land managed by the Federal https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 3 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS91...... Ggrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM yuvrrrrrnrni,dnu I rurreury unuuyrr gyre redurrouIN rare urdi reuerdI dyrrrurb Ldn Nrdy I r nurrduwru with states, localities,the private sector,and citizens.These actions range from planting pollinator gardens and improving land management practices at Federal facilities,to advancing the availability and use of pollinator-friendly seed mixes in land management,restoration,and rehabilitation actions nationwide. By expanding the conversation through enhanced public education and outreach,as well as strongly- built public/private partnerships,the Strategy seeks to engage all segments of our society so that, working together,we can take meaningful and important steps to reverse pollinator declines. Pollinators are critical to our Nation's economy,food security,and environmental health. Honey bee pollination alone adds more than$1 S billion in value to agricultural crops each year,and provides the backbone to ensuring our diets are plentiful with fruits,nuts,and vegetables.Through the actions dis- cussed in this Strategy,and by working with partners across our country,we can and will help restore and sustain pollinator health nationwide. V Hon.Tom Vilsack Hon.Gina McCarthy Secretary of Agriculture Administrator,U.S.Environmental Protection Agency https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 4 of 70 tbbOtU4ydo294n7ElSXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xs4 ""ImYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM I I Contents Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Domestic Losses of Honey Bees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Domestic Losses of Other Pollinators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 International Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Establishment of the Pollinator Health Task Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Development of the National Pollinator Health Strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Target Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Measuring Success. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Budget Requests for Pollinator Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Pollinator Research Action Plan(PRAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Pollinator Public Education And Outreach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Public-Private Partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 5 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9' "GgrtS1YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11A0 AM Increasing and Improving Pollinator Habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 A.Improving the Quality and Quantity of Overall Acreage for Pollinators. . . . . . . . . 29 B.Expanding Pollinator Habitat on Rights-of-Way. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 C.Strengthening Federal Guidance Documents to Increase Pollinator Habitat . . . . . . 35 D.Increasing Habitat Quantity and Quality on Federally-Managed Facilities . . . . . . . 37 E.Native Seed Strategy and Reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Protecting Pollinators From Exposure To Pesticides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 iii NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 Appendix A.U.S.Environmental Protection Agency Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . A-2 Appendix B.U.S.Department of Agriculture Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . .A-17 Appendix C.Department of Defense Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-28 Appendix D.Department of Education Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-32 Appendix E.Department of Energy Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-34 Appendix F.Department of the Interior Pollinator Protection Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . .A-36 Appendix G.Department of State Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-51 Appendix H.Department of Transportation Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . .A-54 Appendix I.General Services Administration Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . .A-59 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 6 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk """mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM Appendix J.Department of Housing and Urban Development Pollinator Protection Plan. . . .A-63 Appendix K.U.S.Army Corps of Engineers Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . .A-65 Appendix L.National Science Foundation Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . .A-69 Appendix M.Smithsonian Institution Pollinator Protection Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-74 Appendix N. Federal Emergency Management Agency Pollinator Protection Plan . . . . . .A-79 iv Executive Summary Wherever flowering plants flourish, pollinating bees, birds, butterflies, bats,and other animals are hard at work,providing vital but often unnoticed services.But many pollinators are in serious decline in the United States and worldwide.Preventing continued losses of our country's pollinators requires immediate national attention,as pollinators playa critical role in maintaining diverse ecosystems and in supporting agricultural production.Some three-fourths of all native plants in the world require pollina- tion by an animal,most often an insect,and most often a native bee.Pollinators,most often honey bees, are also responsible for one in every three bites of food we take,and increase our nation's crop values each year by more than 15 billion dollars.Unabated,these losses of our pollinators threaten agricultural production,the maintenance of natural plant communities,and the important services provided by those ecosystems,such as carbon cycling,flood and erosion control,and recreation. In response to this threat,in June 2014,President Obama issued a memorandum establishing a Pollinator Health Task Force co-chaired b the Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.The Task Force created this document,t e atlona Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators(Strategy),to promote the health of honey bees(Apis mellifera)and nthor mannnorl hoot %A/ilrl hoot(tenth nntivo nnrl intrnrli iror,!cnoriocl hi ittorflioc and nthor nnllinntinn https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 7 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9' Ggrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM insects,and birds and bats. The Strategy expands and adds to actions already being undertaken by Federal departments and agencies to reverse pollinator losses and restore populations to healthy levels. It focuses on both immediate and long-term changes that can be made to improve the well-being of pollinator popula- tions.Consequently,the Strategy addresses the many factors impacting pollinator health,including certain land-use practices,declining forage and nesting resources,pests and diseases,pesticides,and bee biology. While our nation is a mosaic of land uses and ownerships,pollinating animals do not recognize human- drawn boundaries.They make use of food and habitat anywhere it is found,whether on national park land,a roadside strip,the edge of an agricultural field, or a schoolyard garden.Therefore, no single organization,Federal or private,can independently shoulder the burden of helping pollinators,and the Task Force has been charged with an"all hands on deck"approach to promoting the health of honey bees and other pollinators. The Strategy knits together commitments and plans from many Federal departments and agencies, bringing a variety of missions and programs to bear toward a single, unified goal—promoting the health of the nation's pollinators.The Federal government is the largest land manager in the Nation and through its programs can also coordinate with private sector actions.In response to the Presidential Memorandum,land management agencies are identifying lands to manage for new and better pollina- tor habitats:the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)is working to balance the unintended conse- quences of chemical exposure with the need for pest control;the U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA) is looking to expand pollinator habitats,particularly summer foraging areas, under the Conservation Reserve Program;and habitat opportunities are being found in new and creative places,such as on rights-of-way and other easements. 1 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS One innovative approach with great potential is the inclusion of pollinator-friendly landscaping at Federal facilities.Beneficial landscaping and gardens are already in place ata numberof Federal facilities, such as the Smithsonian Institution,the National Zoo, USDA,and the White House Pollinator Garden, with others being planned by the Departments of Transportation,Interior,Defense,and State,the EPA, and others. This Strategy outlines three overarching goals for action by Federal departments and agencies in col- laboration with public and private partners: 1. Reduce honey bee colony losses during winter(overwintering mortality)to no more than 15% within 10 years.This goal is informed by the previously released Bee Informed Partnership sur- veys and the newly established quarterly and annual surveys by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service.Based on the robust data anticipated from the national,statistically-based NASS surveys of beekeepers, the Task Force will develop baseline data and additional goal metrics for winter,summer,and total annual colony loss. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 8 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrFC°`"/mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 2. Increase the Eastern population of the monarch butterfly to 225 million butterflies occupying an area of approximately 15 acres(6 hectares)in the overwintering grounds in Mexico,through domestic/international actions and public-private partnerships,by 2020. 3. Restore or enhance 7 million acres of land for pollinators over the next 5 years through Federal actions and public-private partnerships. To achieve these goals,the Task Force developed a series of action plans and resources.Underpinning these goals is the Pollinator Research Action Plan (PRAP 2015),designed to focus Federal efforts on producing the scientific information needed to understand,minimize,and recover from pollinator losses. Task Force agencies also developed pollinator Best Management Practice(BMP)guidance for Federal buildings and designed and natural landscapes.Federal agencies are identifying pollinator-beneficial plants that meet nutritional needs of honey bees and other pollinators.The National Seed Strategy for Rehabilitation and Restoration will develop a seed bank of appropriate plants to support restoration activities and to help ensure a stable,economical supply of diverse native plants. Increasing the national awareness of the importance of pollinator conservation is addressed in agency plans for public outreach and education.These plans constitute a multifaceted portfolio of public edu- cation and outreach strategies for multiple audiences:individuals;small businesses and corporations; schools, libraries, museums,and other educational venues;demographically diverse audiences;and Federal land-management staff. Understanding that the Federal government cannot act alone in promoting pollinator protection,the President also identified the need for public-private partnerships.The Strategy includes recommendations and guidance for developing public-private partnerships to build on Federal efforts encouraging the pro- tection of pollinators and increasing the quality and quantity of pollinator habitat.TheTask Force welcomes partnership ideas,and will prepare a Partnership Action Plan within six months of release of this Strategy. As pollinator science matures and our information about pollinators becomes more robust,so too will the long-term Federal strategy.Specific goals and milestones are identified in the Strategy,along with associated timelines and metrics for evaluating the Strategy's success.Progress toward these goals and actions will be assessed and publicly disseminated annually. 2 Introduction Pollinators are crucial members of various ecosystems,from farmland to wilderness to urban environ- ments.There are an estimated several hundred thousand flowering plant species,many of which depend on pollinators to reproduce(National Research Council 2007).A variety of animals serve as pollinators, e.g., bees,wasps,flies, butterflies, moths, bats, beetles,and birds.The attributed value of crops that are directly dependent on insect pollination was estimated at$15 billion in 2009 in the United States (Calderone 2012). https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...2FtbbOtUfydo294n7E15XNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 9 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyal0yHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9 " Ggrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11.40 AM Domestic Losses of Honey Bees Honeybees,the most recognizable pollinators of hundreds of economically and ecologically important crops and plants in North America,are an introduced insect,brought to the United States in the 1620's by early settlers.Approximately 2,000-3,000 commercial' U.S.beekeepers manage their bee colonies as livestock,traveling across the country with their bees to service pollination contracts with U.S.farmers and to support honey production(Calderone 2012). Honey bees have been in serious decline for more than three decades in the United States,as note in the National Academy of Sciences report Status of Pollinators in North America(National Research Council,2007). Declines in the number of managed honey bee colonies used in honey production have been documented by the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service(USDA 2014).Starting in the 1940's when there were approximately 5.7 million colonies in the United States,the number of managed colonies used in honey production has declined to approximately 2.74 million colonies today (Figure 1).Sharp colony declines were seen following the introduction in 1987 of an external parasitic mite(Varroa destructor)that feeds on honey bee hemolymph(blood),and again around 2006 with the first reports of a condition referred to as Colony Collapse Disorder(CCD).Colonies diagnosed with CCD exhibit a rapid loss of adult worker bees,have few or no dead bees present in the colony,have excess brood and a small cluster of bees remaining with the queen bee,and have IowVarroa mite and Nosema (fungal disease)levels.Colonies exhibiting CCD have insufficient numbers of bees to maintain the colony (e.g.,rearing and maintenance of developing young,food collection,and hygiene)and these colonies eventually die.Although CCD has become synonymous with all honey bee colony declines,the actual proportion of losses directly attributable to CCD is low and has been decreasing over the past four years, based on beekeeper winter loss surveys conducted by the Bee Informed Partnership,supported by the USDA(Steinhauer etal.2014). Although Figure 1 indicates that the number of managed honey bee colonies has been relatively consis- tent since 1996,the level of effort by the beekeeping industry to maintain these numbers has increased. Annual surveys of beekeepers since 2006 indicate overwintering losses alone averaging around 31% (Figure 2),which far exceeds the 15-17%overwintering loss rate that commercial beekeepers have indicated is an economically sustainable average(Steinhauer etal.2014).When overwintering losses are coupled with colony losses occurring during other times of the year,annual losses can be considerably higher(Steinhauer et al. 2014).This is particularly notable in the 2014-15 preliminary report of 27.4% 1. The American Beekeeping Federation classifies beekeepers based on the number of honeybee colonies they maintain:small scale(<25 colonies),sideliner(25-300 colonies),and commercial(>300 colonies). 3 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS MNWercolony losses in the Bee Informed Partnership survey of a subset of national beekeepers, for total annual losses of 42.1%of colonies(Steinhauer et al.2015). https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyaIOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 Page 10 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XsW " "ImYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM �!r.w ma Mto4w«I IIMTi s COW" is a :as! t:•a rasa tzss W. Int :xa Rol :c:a :ais :a.: 'y' j,: :c. -. Y•banN afi:JWti Stec ncs:n ns:.. Figure 1.Numbers(in millions)of managed honey bee colonies in the United States used for honey production by year based on NASS survey data.The gap between 1982-1986 reflects the period when the surveywas not conducted.The figure illustrates when the Varroa mite was introduced into the United States in 1987,and when Colony Collapse Disorder was first documented in 2006. Managed honey bee colony losses in the US 0 S s s =� d d r a ,IV, Figure 2.Annual overwintering losses of managed honey bee colonies(October 1-April 1;red bars), and self-declared acceptable mortality level from participant beekeepers(blue bars). Bee Informed Partnership 2014(http://beeinformed.org/2014/05/colony-loss-2013-2014/). * 4 * NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Meetinq the growinq demand for pollination services in agricultural production has become increas- https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 11 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9 GgrtSIYOsRTJ94 6/23/1S, 11:40 AM ingly difficult.Beekeepers transport bees long distances to pollinate crops such as apples,blueberries, cherries,squash,and, particularly,almonds.Approximately 60-75%of all U.S.commercial honey bee colonies are required in almond orchards early each spring to fulfill pollination contracts(Bond et al. 2014).When overwintering colony losses are high,beekeepers must compensate for these losses by "splitting"one colony into two,supplying the second colony with a new queen bee and supplemental food in order to quickly build up colony strength to fulfill almond pollination contracts.This practice results in increased maintenance costs to both the beekeeper and the orchard grower renting the hives, with hive rental fees for almond pollination rising from approximately$76 per hive in 2005 to over$150 per hive in 2009(Bond et al.2014). Researchers studying CCD and other losses attributed to poor colony health have been unable to identify a single cause,and have concluded that losses of honey bee colonies are the result of a complex set of interacting stressors.In May 2013,the USDA and the EPA released a comprehensive scientific report on honey bee health(USDA 2013).The report synthesized the current state of knowledge regarding the primary factors that scientists believe have the greatest impact on honey bee health,including expo- sure to pesticides and other environmental toxins,poor nutrition due in part to decreased availability of high-quality/diverse forage,exposure to pests (e.g.,Varroa mites)and disease(viral,bacterial,and fungal),as well as bee biology,genetics,and breeding.The report's findings are similar to those of the report on the Status of Pollinators in North America(NRC 2007),which examined wild(both native and introduced species)pollinators as well as honey bees. Domestic Losses of Other Pollinators In addition to honey bees,there are over 4,000 wild bee species in the United States(Moisset and Buchmann 2011). Population declines in the United States have been documented for some popula- tions of non-managed pollinators,e.g.,the two-formed bumble bee(Bombus biforius)(Spivak etal.2011; Cameron etal.2011),but little is known about trends for populations of non-managed bees that com- prise the majority of pollinators(Winfree etal.2007;Lebuhn et al.2013).Some bumble bee populations are suffering from introduced pests and diseases,potentially transferred from managed bees(Colla et al.2006;McMahon etal.2015).Non-Apis bees,butterflies,bats,and other managed or wild pollinators are also impacted by habitat loss and degradation,and there is strong evidence that,for some species, habitat loss has led to population declines(NRC 2007;Potts et al.2010).All pollinators must also cope with the effects of climate change,which may have direct impacts on behavior and physiology,and indirect impacts through floral resource availability and phenology,as well as changing dynamics of pests,pathogens,predators,and competitors(Potts et al.2010;Le Conte and Navajas 2008). As with honey bees and other managed or wild bee pollinators,there have been marked(-90%)declines in monarch butterfly(Danaus plexippus)populations over the past several years(Figure 3).In February 2014, President Obama committed to work together with Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper and Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto to ensure the conservation of the monarch butterfly.Much of a monarch butterfly's life is spent completing part of an annual cycle of migration over the course of multiple generations,either across North America between Canada into Mexico(Eastern migration),or between the Rocky Mountains and groves in California(Western migration).The iconic Eastern migra- 5 https://wwv.dropboxstatic.com/staticJavascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5IYOsRTJ94 Page 12 of 70 tbbOtUfydo2 94 n 7E 1 SXNYn fyalOyH KDG mYe 9tW3 Xsk " "'mYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HOMEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS tion,in particular,has become less successful for many monarchs because of losses in nectar-producing adult butterflies,as well as in the availability of milkweed plants on w c eve o�rttonae feed exclusively. Primary stressors of concern for the Eastern population include loss of milkweed breeding habitat in corn and soybean production,loss of breeding habitat due to land conversion, illegal logging and deforestation at overwintering sites,and extreme weather conditions.Natural enemies such as diseases,predators,and parasites,and use of insecticides in agricultural,urban,and suburban areas are also of concern. A Total Area Occupied by Monarch Colonies At Overwlntering Sites In Mexico 1994/199S 2014/2015 20 1/.5 s IS 12.5 IO Z 6 � g Y Q 2.5 . . I. � h b 9 0 �.p ' 1 '4 h �,p 1 O 1 'l '4 ♦ h ,,♦�aP' ,p'tr '{9�p ,p ,,p ,p�d,� Wlnt*r Season Figure 3:Area of forest occupied by colonies of hibernating monarch butterflies in Mexico from 1994 -201 S(Graph courtesy of the Monarch Joint Venture). Determining the current status of insect pollinator communities,documenting shifts in distribution and abundance of various species, and refining methodologies for documenting changes remain important areas of research(Lebuhn etal.2013),along with developing taxonomic capacity to identify the thousands of North American bee species.Additional research is also needed on the value of pol- linators in natural systems,which is much more difficult to discern than for managed honey bees.The economic value of managed non-Apis bees,e.g.,blue orchard bees(Osmia lignaria),alfalfa leafcutting bees(Megachile rotundata),bumble bees(Bombus spp.),etc.,has not been well-quantified,despite the fact that these species are highly effective crop pollinators.Wild,native bees also provide the majority of pollination that helps maintain natural plant communities which contribute to a variety of valuable ecosystem services,including carbon sequestration,water filtration,and erosion control(NRC 2007). Simultaneous declines in wild and managed pollinator populations globally,with noted decreases in honey bees,bumble bees,and monarch butterflies,have brought into focus the importance of pollina- tor conservation(Cameron etal.2011;NRC 2007;Pettis and Delaplane 2010;vanEngelsdorp etal.2009). 6 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 13 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9.......iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HOMEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS International Considerations Declines in honey bees,wild bees,and other pollinators are not unique to the United States.Across the globe,similar patterns of decline in wild and managed pollinator populations have been documented over similar timespans(Biesmeijer eraL 2006). From 1985-2005,the number of managed honey bee colonies declined in many countries in Europe,along with marked declines in beekeepers(Potts et al. 2010).A number of international organizations have undertaken efforts to better understand the causes and magnitude of pollinator population declines.Such global activities,including the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(IPBES),as well as efforts through the International Bee Research Association (IBRA), inform and are informed by work being undertaken in the United States. Federal agencies,such as the USDA and the EPA,are working with their counterparts in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD)and with researchers internationally through the International Commission on Plant-Pollinator Relationships(ICPPR)and the Colony Loss (COLOSS) Network to understand the factors associated with global declines in pollinator species and how these declines can be mitigated.International cooperation,financially and scientifically,leverages U.S.investments with investments being made by other countries,and also provides an opportunity for the United States,with its diversity of ecosystems and large Federal and Federally-funded research community,to contribute to solving this global challenge. In many countries,estimates for pollinator populations and the magnitude of different possible stressors are not available for comparison to what is being experienced in this country.The forthcoming IPBES assessment on pollination,pollinators,and food production,due to be completed in 2015,may reveal other sources of information or significant international gaps in understanding the magnitude of losses and the potential consequences if left unchecked.This assessment will also address monetary and non- monetary ecosystem services provided by pollinators across the globe. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E15XNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 14 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xs1, "/mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM 7 Establishment of the Pollinator Health Task Force Given the breadth,severity,and persistence of pollinator losses, President Obama issued his June 20, 2014 Presidential Memorandum,"Creating a Federal StrategyTo Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators'(FR Doc.2014-14946;White House 2014),to the heads of Federal departments and agencies,calling for the creation of a Federal strategy to promote the health of honey bees and other pollinators.Citing the critical roles that pollinators play in contributing to the economy,providing a nutri- tious supply of fruits,nuts,and vegetables,and maintaining a variety of valuable ecosystem services, the President charged Federal departments and agencies with taking steps to reverse pollinator losses and to help restore pollinator populations.The Federal government is poised to lead this effort,given its broad national perspective and ability to identify and prioritize goals and programs that extend beyond state and national borders.Understanding that the Federal government cannot act alone in promoting pollinator protection,the President also identified the need for public-private partnerships as well as increased citizen engagement. To accomplish this effort,the President created the Pollinator Health Task Force,co-chaired by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.In addition to USDA and EPA,theTask Force was chartered to include representation from the following departments and agencies: • Council on Environmental Quality(CEQ); • Department of Defense(DOD); • Department of Education(ED); • Department of Energy(DOE); • Department of Housing and Urban Development(HUD); • Department of the Interior(DOI); • Department of State(DOS); • Department of Transportation(USDOT); • Domestic Policy Council(DPC); • General Services Administration(GSA); • National Science Foundation (NSF); https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 15 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9' Ggrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM • National Security Council(NSC); • Office of Management and Budget(OMB); • Office of Science and Technology Policy(OSTP);and, • Such executive departments,agencies,and offices as the Co-Chairs may designate. 8 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Since its initial formation,theTask Force has expanded to include representatives from the Smithsonian Institution(SO and the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA). To advance the state of knowledge used to inform pollinator protection efforts through interagency collaboration,the Task Force developed a Pollinator Research Action Plan(PRAP 2015)and Pollinator- Friendly Best Management Practices for Federal Lands(USDA/DOI 2015),to assist agencies in develop- ing and enhancing pollinator habitat.The Task Force also oversaw the development of agency public education and outreach plans.The National Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators(Strategy)is comprised of these materials,with an emphasis on public-private partnerships. The Strategy addresses the key stressors that impact pollinator health,notably:(1)nutrition,with a focus on providing adequate forage resources for pollinators;(2) land-use policies and practices to increase forage and nesting resources for a variety of pollinators;(3)management of arthropod pests and disease pathogens;(4) pesticides;and(5) rearing issues,including bee biology,genetics,and breeding.To be successful in reversing pollinator declines, it is vital that the Strategy address all of the above factors and the complex interactions between each of these factors that are likely contributing to declines. The Presidential Memorandum empowers the Task Force to move forward with a broad range of activities and partnerships that collectively are intended to reverse pollinator declines.The Strategy focuses on both immediate changes that can be made to improve pollinator health,consistent with the best-available science to support these actions,as well as efforts to improve pollinator health over the long term.In implementing the Strategy,Federal agencies will lead by example and will also more fully engage public and private partners in academia,non-governmental organizations, private industry, state and local governments,foundations,and private citizens. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 16 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XsI "-"/mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 9 Development of the National Pollinator Health Strategy The Presidential Memorandum instructed the Task Force to develop a National Pollinator Health Strategy that incorporates research and development,outreach,and public-private partnerships. In addition, building on agency-specific actions,either identified in the Presidential Memorandum or through enhanced actions by individual agencies,the Strategy seeks to identify opportunities and initiatives for addressing both short-term and long-term habitat improvement that will benefit overall pollinator health.Through revised guidance, Federal contracting procedures,and regulatory actions,a priority outcome of this Strategy is to institutionalize changes into Federal initiatives to ensure that pollinator health actions have longevity and lead to continuing improvement.While the focus of the Strategy is on improving pollinator health,many of the recommendations identified in the Strategy will also have collateral benefits in improving ecosystems more broadly,through encouraging development and maintenance of native habitats and more ecologically sustainable land management practices.This is especially true for efforts to protect the monarch butterfly,which is a minor pollinator but a major indicator of biodiversity and ecosystem health. Target Outcomes A key to the Strategy is the inclusion of metrics for measuring successes and to identify the need to adjust actions in advancing the Strategy's goal,which is to restore the health of affected pollinator species and prevent further unacceptable declines.Success will be assessed through three outcome metrics:(1)returning honey bee colony health to acceptable levels(approximately 1 S%overwintering loss,a level from which beekeepers are capable of successfully dividing surviving healthy colonies to remain economically viable);(2)increasing monarch butterfly populations to historic averages to ensure successful continuation of annual migrations;and(3)increasing and maintaining cumulative pollinator habitat acreage in critical regions of the country.Numeric outcome metrics are quantified in Table 1. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 17 of 70 t bbOtU fydo2 94 n 7E I SXNYnfyalOyH KDG mYe9tW3Xsk rfS9' Ggrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:140 AM Table 1.Overarching Pollinator Health Outcome Metrics 1.Honey Bees:Reduce honey bee colony losses during winter(overwintering mortality)to no more than 15%within 10 years.This goal is informed by the previously released Bee Informed Partnership surveys and the newly established quarterly and annual surveys by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service. Based on the robust data anticipated from the national,statistically-based NASS surveys of beekeepers, the Task Force will develop baseline data and additional goal metrics for winter,summer,and total annual colony loss.' 2.Monarch Butterflies:Increase the Eastern population of the monarch butterfly to 225 million butterflies occupying an area of approximately 15 acres(6 hectares)in the overwintering grounds in Mexico,through domestic/international actions and public-private partnerships,by 2020. 3.Pollinator Habitat Acreage:Restore or enhance 7 million acres of land for pollinators over the next 5 years through Federal actions and public/private partnerships. Based on the success of research,it is hoped that overwintering losses would be further reduced to pre-Varroa mite levels. 10 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PRONIOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS The outcome metrics identified in Table 1 address the President's directive to expand Federal efforts to reverse pollinator losses and to help restore populationsto healthy levels.Due to the critical importance of pollinators to the economy, including to agricultural production-and general ecosystem services, the ultimate objective of the Task Force is to ensure a level of pollinators that would sustain agricultural production and protect the health of the environment for the foreseeable future.In that context,the Task Force's first target outcome is to improve honey bee population health by reducing honey bee winter losses by no less than 50%from current levels,which have averaged around 30%nationwide over the past 5 years(Steinhauer et a/.2014),to a sustainable 15% loss rate within 10 years(by 2025). This reduction in the 5 year average of winter losses would be accomplished in stages:(1)by 25%(i.e., to a 22%colony loss rate)by 2020;and,(2)by a total reduction of 50%by 2025.This overall reduction to 15%yearly winter losses would restore an economically sustainable system for beekeepers and growers who depend on pollination services.This is an ambitious goal and theTask Force recognizes that yearly fluctuations due to the impacts of unknowable and difficult-to-mitigate variables(e.g.,drought,severe winter weather,or new bee maladies)may result in losses in a given year that are higher than the target average.TheTask Force also acknowledges,based upon ongoing research discussed in the PRAP(2015), the possibility of further reductions,perhaps to pre-Varroa mite levels.' Summer losses also lead to cumulative economic stress on beekeepers,notably the 2014-15 preliminary colony loss results from the Bee Informed Partnership. In summer 2014 (April-October)the colony loss rate was reported at 27.4%among a subset of national beekeepers responding to the survey. Combined with overwintering losses,the total annual colony loss(April 1,2014-March 30,2015)was 42.1%(Steinhauer et al.2015).Overwintering mortality data are based on a different survey respondent pool,and for 2014-15 overwintering mortality was reported at 23.1%.The summer and annual colony loss data were first included in the Bee Informed Partnership survey in 2010-11. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 18 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk """ImYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM TheTask Force's second target outcome is to increase the Eastern population of the monarch butterfly to 225 million butterflies occupying an area of approximately 15 acres(6 hectares)in the overwintering grounds in Mexico by 2020.This goal represents the approximate average winter population level from 1994-2014 and also assumes an estimated density of 37.5 million butterflies per hectare.The Eastern monarch population has experienced a significant decline over the past 20 years.The 2014-2015 over- wintering count of 56.5 million butterflies for the Eastern population was the second-lowest count on record,representing a population decline of 82%from the 20-year average.The occupied overwinter- ing habitat in 2014-2015 measured only 2.8 acres(-1.1 hectares).4 The Task Force views a target of 225 million butterflies occupying an area of approximately 15 acres(6 hectares)for the Eastern migration 2. Honeybees alone are estimated to support the cultivation of 90-130 crops which directly or indirectly account for up to a third of the U.S.diet(Bond et al.2014). 3. Winter colony loss has averaged 28%nationwide over the last five winters for which we have data(2009-2010 to 2013-2014.Estimates from the Bee Informed Partnership,www.beeinformed.org),compared to an estimated average annual loss of 15%prior to the arrival of the Varroa mite in 1987 and the sharp rise in Colony Collapse Disorder in 2006. Prior to 2006,there was no coordinated effort to collect data on winter survival nationwide.Estimates of 15%colony loss prior to 1987 are anecdotal from beekeepers and bee researchers.In 2006,the Bee Informed Partnership began collecting data on winter losses,as well as data on winter losses from beekeepers who felt their losses were"acceptable" Since 2006,the average self-reported rate of acceptable losses is 15%. 4. Data from Rend6n-Salinas,E.,A.Fajardo-Arroyo,and G.Tavera-Alonso.2014.Forest surface occupied by monarch butterfly hibernation colonies in December 2014 World Wildlife Fund-Mexico report.Available from httpsJ/www.worldwildlife.org/publications/forest-surface-a rea-occupied-by-monarch-butterfly-hibernation-colonies- in-december-2014. NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS as the best indicator of holistic species health.TheTask Force is also mindful of the importance of the Western population in maintaining species viability across the continent. The Task Force's third target outcome, restoration and enhancement of 7 million acres of pollinator- friendly habitat,addresses the importance of providing new and diverse nectar and pollen resources for honey bees and wild pollinators,including the monarch butterfly.Restoration of habitat is defined as the manipulation of the physical,chemical, or biological characteristics of a site with the goal of returning the majority of natural functions to the lost or degraded native habitat(16 USCS§3772 (5)); whereas habitat enhancement is defined as the manipulation of the physical,chemical,or biological characteristics of an undisturbed or degraded site to heighten,intensify,or improve specific functions or to achieve a specific purpose.As such,habitat enhancement represents a more targeted effort. The habitat target outcome is based on preliminary expert estimates regarding the need to offset annual losses of pollinator habitat,plus provide additional acres to reverse past Iosses.These estimates are preliminary until comprehensive peer-reviewed literature becomes available to quantify the total magnitude of habitat losses,or needs for recovery.The estimates will be refined to reflect the findings of ongoing research in the PRAP(2015)to better measure pollinator status and acreage needs,and to identify those land areas and corridors most valuable and amenable to enhancement or restoration. For instance,the U.S.Geological Survey(USCS) Powell Center is working to identify habitats and cor- ridors most valuable for directing resources for conservation of the Eastern population of the monarch butterfly,and the USDA is focusing Conservation Reserve Proqram (CRP)and Environmental Quality https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 19 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9 iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 1140 AM Improvement Program(EQIP)resources on the five upper Midwest States(South Dakota,North Dakota, Minnesota,Wisconsin,Michigan)that are central to honey bee summer forage.All actions will be subject to adaptive management as this research becomes available,in recognition of the fact that reversing pollinator losses is a long-term process requiring the incorporation of pollinator health considerations in routine agency and private-sector actions,rather than a one-off solution. The habitat target outcome is also consistent with actions included by agencies in this Strategy.These actions include,but are not limited to: USDA resources applied to CRP and EQIP pollinator enhance- ments,and national forest and grassland acreage;DOI actions to restore or enhance lands through direct restoration action,along with the inclusion of pollinator-friendly native seeds in all post-fire re- vegetation and fuels/green stripping projects;U.S.Army Corps of Engineers(USACE)implementation of pollinator best management practices at its facilities;and numerous other actions itemized by Federal agencies to increase pollinator habitat.Federal agencies will also be working with the private sector to improve pollinator habitat on lands not managed by the Federal government,including state-and locally-managed lands,such as parks and highway rights-of-way,and privately-owned lands ranging from home gardens to corporate and philanthropically-sponsored acreage.The target outcome antici- pates that fifty percent of acreage improvement will be sourced from Federally-managed lands,and fifty percent through working with partners to create or enhance habitat on state,locally-managed, and private lands. 12 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Measuring Success To achieve these target outcomes,each relevant action undertaken by a Federal agency will also include a timeline and metrics for evaluating the success and progress toward achieving one or more of these target outcomes.As the science developed through the Pollinator Research Action Plan(2015)matures, adjustments and/or enhancements to Federal actions and overarching goals and target outcomes also may be warranted.With expanding implementation of the Strategy,and as partnership efforts continue to grow,additional metrics and measures will be added to aid in assessing the success of the Strategy. Periodic follow-up and reporting of agency performance is also vital in demonstrating to the public the Federal government's commitment to reversing pollinator declines and improving pollinator health.To this end,Task Force agencies are to report annually on all metrics to the Task Force Co-Chairs,who will publicly disseminate the results on an annual basis so that the general public can monitor the progress each agency is making in fulfilling the commitments detailed in this Strategy,including collaboration with public and private stakeholders. 0... —41. 0.....—d—4V__ https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 20 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XsI "/mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM tJYYa'C% I\=%JU=a a IVI r V111110\VI 1 IC011ll The actions contemplated in this Strategy are not occurring de novo or in a vacuum.Considerable Federal resources are already being directed toward honey bee,monarch butterfly,and other pollinator health- related issues,and a number of significant documents have investigated these issues.For instance: • In 2007,the National Research Council published its report emphasizing risks posed to pollinator populations,stimulating further action. • A Federal action plan for honey bees,the 2007 Colony Collapse Disorder Action Plan (USDA 2007),built on existing knowledge and resource bases within agencies. • The 2008 North American Monarch Conservation Plan was developed by a team of experts from Canada,Mexico,and the United States under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation(CEC 2008). These efforts have proven insufficient to reverse declines,as demonstrated through the colony loss and butterfly population metrics.To boost Federal engagement with the increased resources necessary to combat the declines,the President's Budget request to Congress for Fiscal Year(FY)2016 includes major increases over the FY 2015 Enacted Budget for honey bee and pollinator research and habitat improvement(Table 2).These budget requests are in addition to agency actionsto redirect,focus,and coordinate existing resources toward this challenge.A number of such actions,including development of best management practices,are being highlighted in agency implementation plans. The FY 2016 President's Budget(Table 2)includes over$82 million in funding($34 million above FY 2015 enacted)for DOI,EPA,and USDA,specifically targeted to address pollinator health,including Colony Collapse Disorder.Other Federal agencies also contribute to pollinator health during the conduct of some of their programs and activities.Specific agency increased resources for pollinator health include: * 13 x NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Table 2. Pollinator-specific proposed Fiscal Year(FY)2016 budget additions relative to the Enacted FY 2015 budget for DOI,EPA,and USDA($Million). Change Agency Program FY 2015 FY 2016 from 15 Enacted Budget Enacted to 16 Budget DOI U.S.Geological Survey(USGS) 0.00 1.56 1.56 DOI Total 0.00 1.56 156 Office of Pesticide Programs 0.00 1.50 1.50 EPA State and Tribal Assistance Grants 0.00 0.50 0.50 EPATotal 0.00 2.00 2.00 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 21 of 70 tb bOtUfydo2 94 n 7E 1SXNYn fyalOyH KDG mYe 9tW3 XskrfS9 iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 1140AM National Agricultural matlstics service(NAbb) 1.4u l.9u U_W Agricultural Research Service(ARS) 14.19 21.19 7.00 National Institute of Food and Agriculture(NIFA) 9.66 31.501 21.84 J Economic Research Service(ERS) 0.28 0.28 0.00 Land Management Programs USDA Farm Service Agency(FSA)Conservation Reserve Program(CRP) 18.00 18.06 f 0.06 Natural Resource Conservation Service(NRCS) Environmental Quality Incentives Program(EQIP) 3.00 4.00 1.00 t— Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service(APHIS) 1.00� 1.00 0.00 USDATotal 48.52 78.93 30.41 Agencies Total 48.53 82.49 33.96 • U.S.Department of the Interior:Includes$1.56 million in new funding for the USGS to support research priorities identified through the 2014 Presidential Memorandum on Pollinator Health, including the development of studies,monitoring programs,and decision-support tools for land and resource management agencies,and pollinator habitat models. • U.S.Environmental Protection Agency:Includes$1.5 million to further the study of acute toxicity amongst honey bee populations and explore additional risk management options,and$500,000 to augment the work of states and tribes to develop pollinator protection plans. • U.S.Department of Agriculture:Includes$56 million in research and associated statistical survey programs,including in-house research through ARS,agreements through APHIS,and grants (mainly through a competitive peer-reviewed process)through NIFA,with much of the fund- ing going to land grant institutions to support local and regional pollinator issues at all levels (national, regional,and local),including organic production.Within USDA's suite of voluntary conservation programs,the budget continues to leverage funding within the Environmental Quality Incentives Program and to enhance Conservation Reserve Program covers to increase access to nutritious forage for pollinators in a targeted multi-state core area that is home to more than 65%of the Nation's managed honeybee population during the prime summer forage months(North Dakota,South Dakota,Minnesota,Wisconsin,and Michigan).It also continues 14 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS the FY15 budget proposal to monitor existing enrollment in CRP pollinator initiatives,docu- ment and quantifythe benefits to honey bees and wild pollinators,identify ways to increase the pollinator benefits from CRP land,delineate core habitat areas,and determine the appropriate mechanisms to nearly double the CRP acreage enrolled in pollinator initiatives to 200,000 acres. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 22 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk-a""ImYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 15 The Strategy https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 23 of 70 t b bOtU fydo2 94 n 7E I SXNYn fyalOyH K DG mYe9tW3 Xsk rfS9 iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM Each element of the Strategy is summarized in the following sections.Additional details on agency plans are available in the Appendices.Where specific goals have been identified,timelines for achieving these goals are also identified,as well as metrics for measuring progress.Metrics are expressed as qualitative and/or quantitative measures of progress that can be process-based(e.g.,activities directed at achieving a goal)or outcome-based(actual change)as a result of accomplishing a specified goal. The Strategy includes the following components: • Pollinator Research Action Plan; • Plans for expanding education and outreach; • Opportunities for public-private partnerships;and • Improving pollinator habitat. These components provide strong scientific foundations for Federal government action.Considering the public input received during two listening sessions hosted by EPA and USDA in fall 2014,the Federal government has identified a comprehensive set of research and"on-the-g round"actions that will serve as a significant initial effort to improve and ultimately restore pollinator health. 16 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 24 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsl "11"/mYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM Pollinator Research Action Plan (PRAP) The Presidential Memorandum called on the Federal government to draft a Pollinator Research Action Plan to include the following elements: • Studies of the health of honey bees,other managed bees,and wild bees that assess stressors leading to species declines and Colony Collapse Disorder,as well as strategies for mitigation. • Plans for expanding and automating data collection and data sharing related to pollinator losses, in partnership with the private sector. • Assessments of wild bee and monarch butterfly population patterns, and modeling of the relationship of those population patterns to habitat variables. • Development of affordable pollinator-friendly seed mixes and guidelines for evaluating their effectiveness in restoration and reclamation. • Identification of best practices for minimizing pollinator exposure to pesticides,and new cost- effective ways to manage pests and diseases. • Creation of strategies for targeting restoration efforts at areas that will yield the greatest expected net benefits for pollinator health. The Task Force has prepared the"Pollinator Research Action Plan"(PRAP 2015)as a standalone docu- ment to accompany this Strategy.The proposed approach in the PRAP (2015)will enable a better understanding of individual stressors,as well as the cumulative influence of these stressors on overall health.Research needs fall into five main areas that overlap and interact to determine pollinator health: • Population trends and basic biology:Assessing the status of pollinator populations requires inventories to establish baseline conditions,with subsequent monitoring and longitudinal studies to detect deviations from the baseline,and causes for those deviations.Priorities for man- aged bees include expanded quarterly and annual surveys of beekeepers,including questions on management practices and hive losses,and development of technologies to monitor hive health continuously.For wild pollinators,research must address species distributions,population patterns,and habitat use,which are poorly known for many species.These fundamental data can feed into models of the larger system of interacting factors affecting pollinators.Taxonomic capabilities to identify the thousands of North American bee species must also be increased. • Environmental stressors:Many environmental factors have the potential to impact pollinator populations.Information is needed on individual stressors and how they may interact, par- ticularly with regard to the sublethal impacts of pesticides and mite parasites.Research must focus on developing miticides for honey bees that can safely and effectively manage colony infestations.Information is also needed on how these individual stressors interact in real-world situations to cause declines in both honey bees and other pollinators.Best management prac- tices for application to public and private lands require studies of multiple stressors and how they may interact.Collaboration with scientists internationally will add to the information base from which to assess these stressors under diverse conditions and habitat. 17 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E 1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 Page 25 of 70 tb bOtU fydo2 94 n 7E I SXNYn fyalOyHKDG mYe 9tW3 XskrfS9 Ggrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11,40 AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Land management:Decisions on how to best manage lands are complex,driven not only by natural resources considerations, but by social and economic influences.Virtually every land management decision requires either implicit or explicit trade-offs among these elements. Decision-support tools are needed to help decision-makers understand and forecast the effects of decisions on pollinators,to assist in understanding the effects of these decisions on an array of values,and to refine best management practices for implementation across landscape types. • Habitat restoration:Pollinator populations depend directly on plant populations,especially native plants.Effective habitat restoration must be appropriate for the desired pollinator species, affordable to establish in the short term,and self-sustaining in the long term.To create more and better pollinator habitat,research is essential to enable the identification of habitat with the highest potential for pollinator benefits,restoration of that habitat through appropriate seed mixtures,and monitoring of the habitat to enable adaptive management. • Knowledge curation:Long-term monitoring and sound research require an extensive and well-curated knowledge base(i.e.,data sharing,interoperability,and informatics).This includes traditional data from individual specimens verified with their identification and geographic data, as well as data from emerging technologies such as whole-genome sequencing.The capacity to store information has expanded exponentially in recent years,and maintaining and sharing data that span many different levels of biological organization (e.g.,genomic to whole-population data)will aid in understanding patterns in decline and survival. Together,these main areas represent the bodies of knowledge currently understood to be most critical to the recovery of pollinator populations in the United States and globally.The proposed research is built on a solid foundation of existing data from Federal agencies,as well as academic institutions.Task Force agencies will use emerging research findings to inform other actions in the Strategy,such as updates to BMPs for land management.Timelines for these activities are included in the PRAP(2015).Agencies will support PRAP(2015)activities through prioritization of existing Federal budgetary and staff resources, and collaboration with private sector activities. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 26 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XsW "mYuGgrt51Y0sRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 18 Pollinator Public Education and Outreach The Presidential Memorandum calls for"plans for expanding and coordinating public conservation and education programs outlining steps that Federal,state and private individuals and organizations can take to help address the loss of pollinators' This section of the Strategy outlines the means by which agencies are implementing,and will augment,this requirement to employ effective mechanisms and programs to engage the U.S.public and the broader global community in the health of pollinating species,and to encourage actions that will help restore pollinator populations in their native habitats. It provides guidance to Federal agencies and partners in stimulating public interest in pollinator conservation by identifying key internal and external audiences,crafting appropriate messages for those audiences,and ensuring effectiveness and relevancy of the techniques used to communicate. TheTask Force recommends coordination of a multifaceted portfolio of public education and outreach strategies intended to attract multiple audiences including,but not limited to:individuals;small busi- nesses and corporations;schools,libraries,museums and other educational venues;demographically diverse audiences;organic certifiers;and Federal land management staff.A variety of education and outreach materials,programs,and media already exist to enlist the participation of these different audi- ences in actions that benefit pollinators.Where not available,materials will be developed by respective Federal agencies as part of these actions.These materials will be used to develop a set of core messages, talking points,and infrastructure as resources to support the efforts of public agencies and partners working on behalf of pollinators.Four core principles guide the scope of intended actions: • Pollinator conservation is a shared national responsibility. • The demographically diverse U.S.public requires customizable strategies of communication, education,and outreach.The key messages should be relevant to each target audience and well understood by multicultural audiences. • The actions of a single person can make a difference—every citizen can contribute to pollinator conservation and should have the opportunity to become engaged in ways that are meaningful. • Agencies involved in implementing the Presidential Memorandum should seek to educate and empower citizens as partners in pollinator conservation. A key component for success is developing partnerships that foster public education and awareness pertaining to pollinator protection and habitat conservation,and leveraging existing resources and relationships. By implementing outreach actions and developing appropriate media, Federal agen- cies will work collaboratively with the private sector to actively engage existing and new partners in pollinator stewardship.Long-term implementation rests heavily on expanding these public-private partnerships to amplify messaging and reach the scale and longevity necessary to effect change.To achieve these ends,outreach and education partnership development will be a central component of https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 27 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9' iGgrtSlYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM the recommended future Partnership Action Plan to be developed and implemented by the Task Force over the next six months(below). 19 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Current agency activities and commitments to advancing the Presidential Memorandum include: • Development of an interagency pollinator outreach toolkit:The National Park Service(NPS) will take the lead in developing an interagency pollinator public outreach toolkit,which will include templates for news releases,posters,event protocols,and brochures,developed in col- laboration with,and available to,other Federal,state,and local agencies and tribal governments. The toolkit will include a standard template with basic messages about pollinators,which can be customized with photos and place-specific information. Interpretive sign templates with standardized pollinator messages will be made available for agencies to customize for use in areas surrounding stewardship activities,at restoration sites,and at visitor centers.NPS will also host citizen science activities,such as a pollinator themed nation-wide Biodiversity Discovery Events(Bioblitz)in as many as 200 NPS parks/units,establishing new pollinator-centric projects with NPS Biodiversity Youth Ambassadors for their schools and communities,and incorporating pollinator citizen science and monitoring projects into the NPS Migratory Species Initiative. • Connection of school communities to pollinator education and habitat resources:U.S. Department of Education Green Ribbon Schools (ED-GRS) was created in 2011 to inspire schools,districts,and institutions of higher education(IHE)to strive for excellence by highlight- ing exemplary environmental practices and resources that all can employ.ED-GRS recognizes progress in reducing environmental impact and costs,improving the health and wellness of schools,students,and staff,and providing environmental education. ED has awarded over 280 schools,districts,and post-secondary institutions in the first four years of the recognition award(2012-2015).Nearly all of the schools have native plant gardens,food gardens,pollinator gardens,certified wildlife habitats,and/or Monarch Waystations. ED will further the Presidential Memorandum by adding,to its Green Strides pages, resource links and webinars offered by Federal agencies or non-profits that focus on advancing schools'work to plant native pollina- tor gardens.Through the use of its newsletter,social media,and Green Strides resources and webinars listings, ED will communicate resources,awards,grants,and challenges to school communities.ED will collaborate with external pollinator non-governmental organizations regarding pollinator garden statistics in State submissions. • Engagement of youth and families in pollinator education programs:USDA will distribute pollinator education materials and facilitate pollinator education programs through their spe- cific supported programs,such as 4-H(Smith-Lever 3(b&c)),Agriculture in the Classroom(AITC), and other youth outreach efforts for use at the state and local Ievel.The US Forest Service(USFS) will engage its Green Schools partners,with a primary focus on the nearly 4,000 Project Learning https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 28 of 70 tbbOtUiydo294n7E1SXNYnfya10yHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrfc4wmYuGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM Tree GreenSchools!,to provide access to pollinator conservation curriculum-based materials and annual GreenSchools!or GreenWorks!grants,many of which will be focused on pollinator habitat restoration.Over 3,000 National Association of Conservation Districts(NACD)"Local Heroes:Your Hardworking Pollinators"materials,partially funded by USDA agencies,NRCS,NIFA and USFS,which contain national educational standards and STEM-based K-8 lesson plans,will be distributed to formal and non-formal educators to reach youth and families. 5. Monarch Watch Monarch Waystation Program http://www.monarchwatch.org/waystations/index.html 20 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Expansion of public outreach to farmers and beekeepers:USDA is working with multiple stakeholders(e.g.,Pollinator Partnership,American Beekeeping Federation,American Honey Producers Association, Project Apis m,the Almond Board of California,and the Honey Bee Health Coalition)to leverage partnerships to make the most impact for improving the health of pollinators.As detailed in the Land BMPs,the USFS and the DOI Bureau of Land Management (BLM)are reaching out to stakeholders(e.g.,beekeepers,growers,and land managers)regarding opportunities to forage honey bees on managed lands.USDA will be executing memoranda of understanding where appropriate and providing webinars to increase understanding of its programs and the benefits to pollinators.USDA-NRCS has developed brochures and posters to help the public understand the challenges facing bees,as well as the opportunities for conserva- tion support on working lands.NRCS has also partnered with other Federal agencies and the National Association of Conservation Districts,leveraging resources to develop joint pollinator education and outreach materials for STEM-based K-8lesson plans and Stewardship Week 2015. NIFA provides grants to universities,including Land-Grant institutions,to address high priority research,and also works with U.S.Land-Grant institutions and counties through the Cooperative Extension System(eXtension;httpJ/www.extension.org/bee health)to conduct information and technology transfer to stakeholders on pollinator health.USDA will disseminate informa- tion through this system and will initiate a national interactive web site where USDA scientists, university research institutions,State Agricultural Experiment Stations(SAES),county extension offices,organic certifiers,and others can share examples of research findings, success stories, best management practices,and other ideas.Outreach will also be conducted to farmers and beekeepers through the state and tribal efforts to develop managed pollinator protection plans. • Expansion of participation in National Public Lands Day:National Public Lands Day(NPLD), organized by the National Environmental Education Foundation,is the nation's largest single- day volunteer effort for public lands.More than 175,000 volunteers and park visitors celebrate at more than 2,000 public land sites in all 50 States,the District of Columbia,and Puerto Rico. In 2014,NPLD volunteers:collected an estimated 23,000 pounds of invasive plants;built and maintained an estimated 1,500 miles of trails;planted an estimated 100,000 trees,shrubs,and other native plants,many of which are pollinator-friendly;removed an estimated 500 tons of +. ,k F......+ -J,7 —-,+;.,, ,+-,d C t O +t,— ...L.....I....r.,.,. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 29 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM LIUJ11 II VI II UI IV LVI IU IVUIC.V U11L 11 I IUIL 4 1- .....IIV 11 11 IIVUI,Il VVI UIll<LI services to improve public lands across the country.Seven Federal agencies(DOD,USACE,EPA, FWS,USFS,BLM,NPS)as well as nonprofit organizations and state,regional,and local govern- ments participate in this annual day of caring for public lands. NPLD 2015 will take place on Saturday,September 26. • Create a unified campaign for National Pollinator Week:National Pollinator Week is sched- uled for June 15-21, 2015. Pollinator Week was initiated and is managed by the Pollinator Partnership,of which many Federal agencies are members. Eight years ago,the U.S.Senate's unanimous approval and designation of a week in June as"National Pollinator Week"marked a necessary step toward addressing the urgent issue of declining pollinator populations.Pollinator Week has now grown to be an international celebration of the valuable ecosystem services * 21 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS provided by bees,birds,butterflies,bats and beetles.In 2014,pollinator proclamations were signed by the U.S.Secretary of Agriculture,U.S.Secretary of the Interior,and forty-five State Governors.Federal agencies will further expand their participation in National Pollinator Week through events that highlight and share the importance of pollinators including bees, birds, butterflies,and bats. • Outreach and education at the Smithsonian Institution:The Smithsonian Institution(SI)pro- vides public education through a variety of major exhibits with a key focus on pollination.These exhibits include the Butterfly Pavilion,Insect Zoo,and Butterfly Garden and Urban Habitat at the National Museum of Natural History(NMNH).Visitors are provided with signage and educational programs at Garden Fest and Pollinator Week,as well as regular garden tours that highlight the Butterfly and Bird Habitat Gardens.As part of SI's new pollinator-related outreach and education efforts,SI volunteers who interact with museum visitors will receive additional training on pol- linators.Youth programs,high school internships,and the Q?rius("curious")Youth Volunteers program will include information on pollinators under the mentorship of SI scientists,including the opportunity to conduct pollinator-related research and communicate their findings to the public.The web-based Smithsonian Transcription Center relies on internet citizen volunteers to transcribe digitized specimen labels from the SI collections.NMNH will hold crowd-sourcing events to transcribe the recently digitized bumble bee collection records,which represent baseline data on the distribution of bumble bees over the last century.Of the extensive insect collections,46,000 bumble bee(Bombes)specimens are in the process of being digitized and 5,000 honey bee(Apis mellifera)specimens are slated to be digitized beginning in 2015.NMNH will use a global transcription event organized across natural history museums around the world to promote bumble bees as important pollinators.With Smithsonian Gardens and the National Zoo,NMNH will expand programming for Pollinator Week and integrate messaging related to the campaign.A significant digital outreach component is on-site at NMNH,which includes a https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 30 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrf`°`"'mYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM butterny Pavilion Facebook page as well as opportunities to promote research and programs on the main NMNH Facebook,Twitter,Instagram accounts and blogs.SI's Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)is partnering with the Global Biotic Interaction project to build TraitBank(http://eol.org/ traitbank),an open platform for biotic trait and association data(derived from museum speci- mens,citizen science observations,and the literature)used for modeling species interactions. • Training future pollinator scientists:The National Science Foundation (NSF)funds basic research in science and engineering through competitive merit review of grant proposals submitted primarily by American universities and research institutions.NSF pollinator-focused research comprises over 250 currently funded projects,totaling over $113 million.Of these projects, most(175 awards) are in the biological sciences,with many focusing on pollinator systems.These include the interactions of plants and their pollinators,changes in pollinator communities in agricultural and natural landscapes,and biodiversity of key pollinator groups in the United States and around the world.Other funded projects address:the basic biology of insect,bat,and bird pollinators;new tools to aid in the study of pollinators,such as better predictive models to monitor butterfly distribution and migration;new tools to digitize museum 22 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS collections of pollinators;and studying ecosystem services,such as insect control provided by bats and other pollinators.All of these NSF-funded science research projects include broader efforts aimed at training the next generation of scientists and/or educating the public,as well as expanding the knowledge base with respect to pollinators and their environment.Specific funding for education projects include a film about butterfly migration for the Maryland Science Center and Project Budburst,a component of the National Earth Observation Network(NEON), which encourages citizen scientists to collect and share data on the timing of plant flowering. • Provision of staff education on Federal pollinator guidance documents and resources: Effective pollinator protection at Federal buildings requires GSA to educate key staff on best practices and underlying scientific dynamics embodied in guidance documents.GSA has pro- vided training webinars to staff on sustainable land development and design via the Sustainable Sites Initiative (SITES)and the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center.The agency now has an additional agreement with the Director of the U.S.Botanic Garden to develop and provide GSA with a learning module on pollinator basics for design and construction professionals.This will allow GSA professional design staff to become educated on the subject as part of their annual continuing education requirements to maintain accreditations by the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA),American Institute of Architects (AIA), and American Planning Association(APA). • Advancement of international public diplomacy on pollinators:The Department of State will complement and amplify existing and future on-the-ground actions with pollinator-themed curial mpriia rtartinn with the rnllni it of the Ctratpnv 11 C anri nvorcaac rlinlnmatir miccinnc' https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrfs9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 Page 31 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9""_ —AGgrt51Y0sRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM social media platforms will be used on a weekly and monthly basis,respectively,to reach and influence a global audience about the U.S.government's perspectives on the importance of pollinators to biodiversity,food security,and sustainable development globally. * 23 * NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HOMEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Metrics for Pollinator Public Education and Outreach: National Park Service(NPS) • Completion of interagency pollinator public outreach tool kit by summer 2015. • Documentation of number of parks/units engaged in BioBlitz. • Documentation of number of schools incorporating pollinator citizen science/monitoring projects U.S.Department of Education(ED) • ED will update its Web resources with pollinator information by June 2015. ED will post outreach materials to its 15,000 Green Strides recipients as requested,consistent with ED policies and statutory responsibilities. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA) • initial materials to increase public understanding of USDA programs and how they benefit pollinators will be developed and completed by USDA by June 2015. • National interactive web site will be operative by September 2015. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 32 of 70 tbbOtU ydo294n7E1SXNYnfya10yHKDGmYe9tW3XskrK01AImYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM Smithsonian Institution(SI) • SI will document the number of visitors to pollinator facilities. • SI will measure progress in building and expanding the public DNA Barcode Library that holds data for pollinating taxa and flowering plants by monitoring the number and diversity of DNA barcode records representing native plants and pollinating animals that are added to the DNA Barcode Library each year. • SI will measure progress on the TraitBank initiative by tracking how many pollinating species and host plant species are added to Encyclopedia of Life(EOL)and the number of species association data modeled. National Science Foundation(NSF) • NSF will document the numbers of research awards related to pollinators. General Services Administration(GSA) • Complete the learning module on pollinator basics for design and construction professionals;training anticipated to be completed by end of the third quarter of FY1 S. • Document the number of training webinars to staff on sustainable land development and design; document the number of staff trained. Federal participation in National Public Lands Day • Task Force agencies will estimate the number of pollinator-specific activities conducted as part of NPLD. Participating agencies include DOD,USACE,EPA,FWS,USFS,BLM,and NPS. Department of State(DOS) • Document the reach of DOS pollinator-themed social media to reach and influence a global audience about the U.S.government's perspectives on the importance of pollinators to biodiversity,food security, and sustainable development globally. * 24 Public-Private Partnerships The value of leveraging Federal investments through public-private partnerships has been a basic tenet of the Obama Administration.All aspects of the response to the pollinator health issue have the potential for partnerships,whether planting pollinator gardens with seed provided by companies, enlisting farm and forestry organizations,or encouraging the expansion of pollinator habitat on work- ing lands.These opportunities build on the many existing partnerships already in motion in response to the NRC(2007)report and existing honey bee action and monarch butterfly conservation plans and independent efforts. White House engagement in partnership opportunities to benefit pollinators began with an April 2014 invitation and meeting in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building among stakeholders.Evident from this mPPtinn was a hroad and PnthusiaStic reconnition of the nPPri for coordinatpd action on nollina- https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 33 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9"1—v-iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM for health across state and local government, beekeepers,academia,farmers,environmental groups, industry,and philanthropic organizations.This enthusiasm and willingness to contribute was further evident on release of the Presidential Memorandum,and at two listening sessions held in November 2014 by EPA and USDA that provided further opportunities for public engagement. Indeed,the number,intensity,and variability of interested stakeholders mirrors the complexity and scale of the problem of restoring pollinator health.This diversity highlights the importance of coordination among partnership efforts to sustain this endeavor over the long-term, prevent duplication of effort, facilitate entry of new participants,and retain momentum.This coordination can leverage and enhance the critical work of the network of partners seeking to work together to meet the President's request for an all-hands-on-deck approach. The Task Force strategy to facilitate partnerships both identifies and supports existing core stakeholder collaboration,while encouraging new collaborations where appropriate.The goal is to make it easy for new parties to participate,without reinventing existing coordination pathways and activities.This partner engagement structure includes: • Coordination of activities within the Federal government through the Pollinator Health Task Force,in cooperation with theTrilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation and Management(United States,Mexico,Canada). • Coordination with non-Federal entities through existing arrangements led by various Task Force agencies and reporting back to theTask Force.These existing arrangements include close liaison with state,local,and tribal governments,and through national and regional associations that represent stakeholder groups and routinely interact with related Federal agencies.Examples include the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Edison Electric Institute(EEI),National Association of Conservation Districts(NACD),etc. • Facilitation of a limited number of new partnership arrangements, but only where gaps in existing partnerships and infrastructure have been identified.A prime example is the initial sponsorship by the FWS of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation(NFWF)Monarch Butterfly Conservation Fund that enables private-sector conservation efforts.This fund provides an opportunity for engagement by industry, philanthropy, and citizens for independent,well- 25 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HOMEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS vetted,and readily-implemented actions to support monarch butterfly conservation.Similar activities are underway through the Pollinator Partnership-coordinated North American Pollinator Protection Campaign,and with the Honey Bee Health Coalition on further engage- ment of the agricultural community and industry in improving pollinator health.The USDOT and FWS will explore new opportunities to promote habitat near the Interstate-35 corridor,in close cooperation with the states,to promote pollinator habitat conservation and pollinator health. The need for these partnerships emphasizes the original principle in the Presidential Memorandum for a collaborative approach to changing the fundamental understanding of pollinators,the ecosystem https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 34 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk "mYuGgrt51YOsRTj94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM services they provide,and the need for an"all hands,all lands"approach to ettectively manage pollina- tor health. Partnership coordination is necessary for each of the research,education,and habitat components of the Presidential Memorandum.Research activities are being coordinated among Federal scientists and partners in academic institutions as well as the private sector.Outreach is also continuing and expanding on public-private partnerships to promote the adoption and implementation of practices that benefit pollinators and their habitat,provide assistance in transitioning to more sustainable land management practices,and increase the public's understanding of the role of pollinators and their contributions to the economy and a nutritious and secure/sustainable food supply. The Federal government is also participating in international efforts to understand and mitigate factors associated with pollinator declines,through organizations such as the: • Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD) Pesticide Effects on Insect Pollinators • Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(IPBES) • International Commission on Plant-Pollinator Relationships(ICPPR) • Colony Loss(COLOSS)Network • Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) • International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Bumblebee Specialist Group. States and local municipalities offer the first options for partnership opportunities,through comple- mentary and shared responsibilities for land and species management,and through their expertise and implementation opportunities on the ground.States and municipalities have central roles in many of the habitat activities noted above.The Presidential Memorandum places particular emphasis on working with states to increase consideration for pollinators in their planning actions. • Addressing pollinators in State Fish and Wildlife Plans:The FWS is partnering with the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies(AFWA)and encouraging states to include pollinators and the monarch butterflyas Species of Greatest Conservation Need in their State Wildlife Action Plans(SWAPS).FWS is providing tools to assist states in expanding education and understanding of pollinator conservation,and the value of including pollinators in SWAPS.Doing so will allow states to use a portion of their State Wildlife Grant funds for direct pollinator conservation.States 26 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS are required to update their SWAPS by October 2015(this date is not related to the Presidential Memorandum,but required to receive FWS State Wildlife Grant funding).The 2015 State Wildlife Grant competitive program is offering an additional funding opportunity for states to address pollinators in their SWAPs. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTj94 Page 35 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9"'—"iGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM • Pollinator friendly native vegetation at cleanup sites:EPA works with states,communities, and responsible parties to assess and clean up contaminated sites.In 2009, EPA issued new Principles for Greener Cleanups that not only protect human health but also allow communities and other stakeholders to promote beneficial, protective,future uses of the property.These green remediation principles include consideration of five elements:energy use,air pollutant emissions,water use,materials management,and land management/ecosystems protection. Pollinator-friendly native plantings can be incorporated in landfill coverings to achieve these goals.For example,25 acres of contaminated land at Barksdale Air Force Base in Louisiana were seeded with native,drought-resistant wildflowers,following an initial cover with grass for surface erosion control.This action saves$1,800 each year in fuel and labor costs as native plant species need infrequent moving.EPA will expand opportunities for pollinator-friendly plantings in green remediation and green infrastructure activities,commencing with a renewed emphasis on pollinator-friendly planting opportunities in green remediation reference materials and policies. • Task Force Partnership Action Plan:Recognizing the scale and scope of the partnership chal- lenge,the Task Force will prepare a new Partnership Action Plan to implement this Strategy. The Plan will build on and amplify the many Federal actions advanced under the Presidential Memorandum,by increasing linkages and coordination with,and support for,complementary state and private-sector actions.The Plan will also address means to expeditiously expand pollinator health initiatives to achieve the scale necessary to make meaningful and long-term changes,and ways to institutionalize these changes into business models and public under- standing.Coverage will include research,education,and habitat opportunities,and will include significant public engagement. Metrics for Public-Private Partnerships: Federal Task Force • The Partnership Action Plan to implement this Strategy will be submitted to the Task Force by the end of calendar year 2015. Department of the Interior(DOI) • Document fiscal year percent State Wildlife Action Plans(SWAP)funds used by states in addressing pol- linator and monarch conservation planning and education,beginning in October 201 S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) i I Document the number of acres of pollinator-friendly cover at EPA-managed remediation sites. 27 �r https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 Page 36 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskr4CO`AWYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM Increasing and Improving Pollinator Habitat Habitat quality and quantity are central to the health of pollinator populations and ecosystems,and to the well-being of our society that is dependent on these resources.The Presidential Memorandum specifically emphasizes the Federal role in expanding and improving pollinator habitat,both directly through the large variety of facilities and acreages of land managed by the Federal government,and indirectly through the leadership role that Federal agencies can play in interactions with states,localities, the private sector,and citizens.Of central importance to empowering long-term change is the modifica- tion of guidance documents that influence Federal actions,where small changes to existing practices can lead to long-term benefits.For instance,many agencies have landscaping and facilities-management contracts,which can often be modified to encourage native pollinator habitat, providing long-term benefits without impacting agency missions or requiring additional budget. The Federal actions laid out below establish a long-term process to incorporate goals to achieve pollina- tor health into land management strategies.Agencies will implement this long-term objective through a combination of initial habitat actions by agencies,supplemented by research actions to: • improve targeting of interventions; • review the efficacy of land management actions;and, • engage in adaptive management strategies. Recognizing the scale of this endeavor and the many and varied opportunities available to all agencies, the Presidential Memorandum is structured to highlight certain agencies to serve as models for broader adoption,a recommendation that is reflected in this Strategy. The Presidential Memorandum also includes a general provision that all Federal agencies implement pollinator habitat action on managed lands, in addition to where specified agencies are to pave the way toward expanded implementation. For ease of understanding,these habitat opportunities are categorized below under specific topics that cover: A. Improving the quality and quantity of overall acreage for pollinators; B. Expanding pollinator habitat on rights-of-way; C. Strengthening Federal guidance documents to increase pollinator habitat; D. Increasing habitat quantity and quality on Federally-managed facilities;and, E. Creating a native seed strategy and reserve. The activities listed below highlight these exemplary activities by Federal agencies,structured under general habitat management activities rather than by agency.Additional details are available in the indi- vidual agency pollinator plans prepared in response to the Presidential Memorandum(see Appendices). 28 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E 1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 Page 37 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9 jGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS A. Improving the Quality and Quantity of Overall Acreage for Pollinators The Federal government is the largest land manager in the Nation and through its programs can also influence private-sector actions.Habitat actions on Federal lands focus on optimizing the use of existing personnel and budgetary resources,recognizing that in many situations improved pollinator habitat is a budget-neutral process.Habitat actions can even be financially beneficial due to the lower costs realized from reduced mowing and maintenance necessaryfor native vegetation.In particular instances,such as the need to stimulate immediate action to increase honey bee and monarch butterfly numbers,existing agency financial resources have been redirected and requests made in the President's FY16 Budget for additional resources.The efforts listed below are also intended to align with state,private sector,and philanthropic resources and activities.Combined,these efforts will help increase pollinator habitat across the United States and contribute substantially to crop pollination on farms where habitat needs are met. • Document and expand Conservation Reserve Program(CRP)benefits for pollinators:The USDA Farm Service Agency(FSA)administers the Conservation Reserve Program,which imple- ments long-term rental contracts with farmers to voluntarily remove environmentally-sensitive land from agricultural production,and to plant species that will improve environmental health and quality.The long-term goal of the program is to re-establish valuable land cover to help improve water quality,prevent soil erosion,and reduce loss of wildlife habitat.CRP has over 24 million acres currently enrolled nationwide,including more than one million CRP State Acres for Wildlife Enhancement(SAFE)and other continuous CRP practices that provide enhanced pollinator habitat with diverse cover types.FSA will review its CRP practices to identify those practices that already are beneficial to wild pollinators and managed bees,and where additional pollinator plantings can be included. • Increase the dedicated CRP pollinator acres:FSA has over 124,000 acres currently enrolled in a special CRP category for enhanced pollinator habitat practice(CP-42),and has allocated an additional 76,000 acres of land specifically for that practice.The practice includes planting native plant species and a variety of plants that flower at different times of the growing season to provide a diversity of pollen sources necessary for bee nutrition and health.In coordination with stakeholders,FSA is monitoring the effectiveness of CP-42 enrollments and other CRP practices to identify,document,and quantify the benefits to pollinators.Using this and other information from stakeholders,FSA will determine whether additional types of CRP pollinator acres and practices,including diverse plant species mixes or food plots more focused on honey bees or monarch butterflies,would be most helpful.Depending on stakeholder interest,FSA will work with NRCS to develop and implement such new practices or sub-practices. • Enhance existing CRP lands for pollinators:FSA is working collaboratively with the NRCS to allow use of more-affordable pollinator-friendly seed mixes on CRP land. In 2014, FSA announced a new$8 million honey bee incentive to enhance CRP covers to make them more pollinator-friendly.CRP participants in five Midwestern States(MI, MN, ND,SD,WI),which are collectively home to more than 65%of summer honey bee hives,are being offered incentives to establish pollinator habitat on their CRP lands as a mid-contract management activity(see coordinated work in these five States with NRCS in the discussion below).This new option was https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 38 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk`11"mYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 29 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS developed and made available in late FY14,although installation may take two seasons to implement since this work often involves significant land preparation.During FYI 5,outreach, including targeted materials to eligible CRP participants in the five-State area,will be completed in an effort to boost practice installation in FY15/16.The NRCS Plant Materials Program has pol- linator forage demonstration field trials underway at many Plant Materials Centers across the United States,and is working with partners to increase the availability of important pollinator plant materials,including native milkweed species.Plant Materials Centers continue to study plant species to support pollinator habitat as well as to evaluate methods to improve the seed- ing,establishment,and management of pollinator plantings. • Provide emergency assistance for beekeepers(honey bee)to address losses:The FSA plays a critical role in the delivery of programs that provide a safety net for beekeepers who experi- ence losses due to natural disasters.The Emergency Assistance for Livestock,Honeybees and Farm-Raised Fish Program(ELAP)provides assistance for the loss of honeybee colonies,in excess of normal mortality,due to Colony Collapse Disorder or other natural causes.Approximately $28 million in payments were issued related to these claims in FYI and FYI 3,combined.These funds are helping beekeepers rebuild their hives and remain solvent. • Update conservation practice standards for pollinators:The Natural Resources Conservation Service has revised all applicable Conservation Practice Standards to include criteria for man- aged and wild bees and other pollinator habitat,and the Conservation Stewardship Program offers a pollinator habitat enhancement option.Several States,including Montana and South Dakota,target pollinators in Wetlands Reserve Program upland habitat restoration work.By the end of calendar year 2015,NRCS will have revised these standards and enhancements to include milkweed to improve monarch habitat where appropriate.In collaboration with the Xerces Society and academic partners,NRCS has revised and expanded plant lists and technical guid- ance documents for pollinator forage conservation.Some of these materials are posted online.`= The NRCS Conservation Innovation Grants(CIG)program has supported several projects across the country designed to demonstrate the value of habitat for pollinators,as well as to expand and improve NRCS capacityto establish and monitor high-quality,permanent bee forage sites. • Target habitat improvements in priority honey bee summer forage areas:Commencing in FYI 4, NRCS provided more than $3.2 million in technical and financial assistance to CRP participants in the five key Midwest States(MI,MN,ND,SD,and WI)to implement conservation practices that would provide diverse plant forage.This funding led to over 220 contracts on more than 26,000 acres. NRCS will make$4 million available in FYI through EQIP for honey bee habitat in the same five Midwest States. Several NRCS state offices have also set aside additional funds for similar efforts,including California—where more than half of all managed honey bees in the United States pollinate almond groves and other agricultural lands—as well as Ohio and Florida. • Evaluate the efficacy of honey bee programs: FSA and NRCS are partnering with the U.S. r onlnniral c,i irvpv to cti iriv the imnartc of inint hnnpv hap pffnrtc in the fives Miriwpct Ctatac In https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 39 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9"'--"-iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM FYI and FYI 5,NRCS provided a list of plant species recommendations for early/mid/late-season 6. http://plants.usda.gov/java/factSheet k 30 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS blooms for diverse landscapes to provide optimal benefit for honey bees.The applied project is examining what plants honey bees rely on for pollen and nectar during different parts of the season,through a combination of pollen analysis and tracking the weight gain or loss of hives in different types of habitat(e.g.,comparing areas dominated by row crops vs.areas with significant CRP and pasture acreage).In FYI 5,the research is being expanded to study more sites across additional states to improve the ability to draw conclusions based on statistically significant relationships,along with a demonstration project focused on areas with orchards to look beyond the grassland/row crop habitats of the current study.USDA will continue to refine its seeding recommendations based on the findings of this work to ensure the provision of plants that are both cost-effective and of optimal benefit for honey bee health. The Department of the Interior manages 500 million acres of lands, primarily located in the Western states,welcoming over 400 million visits to DOI managed lands each year for outdoor recreation and tourism,energy development,grazing,and timber harvesting.DO] land management bureaus are poised to play a significant role in establishing,restoring,and enhancing acres of pollinator habitat across the country. • Include pollinator friendly plants in land management programs:The Bureau of Land Management is making major adjustments to land-management programs by incorporating native,pollinator-friendly vegetation as standard practice in common management practices on large parcels of land each year.These new policies will benefit pollinators through post-fire vegetation,fuels management,and green stripping(vegetation forfire breaks)activities on BLM lands.A major emphasis is the use of at least one pollinator-friendly native plant in all post-fire re-vegetation efforts and in all fuels and green stripping projects that include seeding.This action will be expanded through research and adaptive management to further expand the mix,scale,and amount of native seed use. • Invest in priority acreage to support conservation of the monarch butterfly:The Fish and Wildlife Service is working with the governments of Mexico and Canada on a Tri-national Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan. Domestic actions by the FWS include significant near- term investments to restore and enhance monarch butterfly habitat,which will be valuable to a suite of wild pollinators.In FY15,FWS has identified opportunities to restore or enhance more than 200,000 acres of monarch butterfly habitat through existing and planned projects on public and private lands,including supportfor 750 schoolyard habitats and pollinator gardens. Conservation will be delivered on FWS-owned lands,through partnerships on state-owned lands,and on private lands through the Partners for Fish and Wildlife and Coastal Programs.FWS will acquire more than 46,000 acres of land in the Midwest and Mountain Prairie Regions,which, althouoh primarily aimed at orotectina priority bird habitats,will have secondary benefits for https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 40 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk`1111mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM monarchs and other pollinators.The FWS has also allocated an additional$2 million for prior- ity projects in key geographic breeding and migration habitats focused on additional habitat restoration,native seed strategies,and education and outreach to target audiences.Many of the priority projects will focus on the 1-35 corridor from Texas to Minnesota that provides spring and summer breeding habitats in the monarch's key migration corridor.FWS has also provided $1.2 million to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation for the Monarch Conservation Fund 31 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS to be matched by private and public donors.The fund will provide the first dedicated source of funding for projects working to conserve monarchs. B. Expanding Pollinator Habitat on Rights-of-Way A right-of-way(RoW) is the"legal right,established by usage or grant,to pass along a specific route through grounds or property belonging to another."'Federal agencies have various relationships to RoW in the context of pollinator habitat,most often through easements on Federal lands for roads, rail, pipelines, powerlines,etc.;some needed by the government on private lands;and some RoWs completely within the purview of the private sector but influenced by the Federal government,whether through grant funding to states/localities, regulation,or potential Federal convening opportunities. RoWs are of particular interest for pollinator habitat because they constitute large land acreage on a cumulative basis,are generally maintained in sunny areas with low vegetation height(ideal pollinator habitat),and often extend for considerable distances,thereby potentially acting as corridors for spe- cies movement and adaptation to climate change,Exemplars in the Presidential Memorandum were identified to develop the technical basis and opportunities for improved pollinator habitat on RoWs,as a template for expanding implementation. In achieving its mission to keep the traveling public safe,secure,and mobile,and to foster economic competitiveness and environmental stewardship,the U.S.Department of Transportation(USDOT)works closely with states,localities,and the private sector across a variety of transportation modes,including highways,railroads,aviation,pipelines,mass transportation,maritime routes,and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.The RoWs,facilities,and other properties necessitated by these transportation modes are in many instances not under direct USDOT control, but rather are managed by state and local entities or the private sector,consistent with USDOT promotion of best practices. USDOT is supporting the Administration's efforts to protect and enhance pollinator habitat as follows: • Prepare best management practices for pollinator habitat on highway rights-of-way: The Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)has contracted to create a number of materials to support best management practices(BMP)for pollinator health in roadside vegetation manage- ment.The FHWA contractor has retained a non-profit organization specializing in invertebrate ecology to develop these materials.Based on the latest science in vegetation management and pollinator habitat,the BMP materials will provide transportation agencies with practical https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 41 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9"'- 'jGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM tools to promote increased pollinator habitat along roadways through improved plant material selection,mowing practices,and other roadside habitat maintenance practices.Deliverables for the BMP contract include:(1)a literature review of the latest scientific data on pollinator health and factors affecting pollinators to establish a foundation for BMP documents for transportation agencies(completed in January 2015 and currently under review for publication on the FHWA website);(2)a report on the state of practice for roadside vegetation management based on interviews with nine State departments of transportation (target completion:spring 2015); (3)a high-level report on BMPs for FHWA and State DOTS program, policy,and maintenance management staff(target completion:fall 2015);and(4)a detailed and practical BMP guidance document for State DOT field staff and contractors. 7. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/right-of-way * 32 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Distribution of a-book Vegetation Management:An Eco-regional Approach: In 2013, FHWA published a limited number of hard copies of Vegetation Management:An Eco-regional Approach,which discusses regional vegetation management practices,native species recom- mendations,and other activities that support pollinator health within the context of specific eco-regions across the United States.The FHWA is developing the publication into an a-book for wider dissemination to State DOTS and other transportation stakeholders.The e-book will be publicly available on FHWA`s website. • Participation in Plant Conservation Alliance:In May 2014,FHWA signed a Memorandum of Understanding establishing the Federal Native Plant Conservation Committee of the Plant Conservation Alliance.The purpose of the Committee is to identify and recommend,as appro- priate, priority conservation needs for native plants and their habitats, and to coordinate implementation of programs for addressing those needs. • Explore an Interstate-35 pollinator corridor effort with States and stakeholders:The 1,500 mile 1-35 corridor from the Texas border with Mexico northward to Minnesota is central to a number of Task Force efforts. From the southern end in springtime,monarch butterflies commence their annual northward migration through the central flyway traversed by the 1-35 corridor,dispersing to the upper Midwest,and returning via this route in fall.In conjunction with the FWS,USDOT will work to convene a workshop of 1-35 State transportation officials,partners, and organizations to reinvigorate efforts for prairie and pollinator habitat restoration along this corridor.The 1-35 corridor would serve as a focal point for linking resources and coordinating actions.The objectives of this initiative are broad and encompass multiple land management approaches.The workshop objectives include sharing State DOT best practices and coordinating efforts toward a national monarch corridor.A priority objective is the identification of viable ways to supplement Federal,state,and local landscaping actions through the engagement of private sector and philanthropic resources.The workshop would also explore how USDOT transportation modes and stakeholders can support pollinator habitat enhancement,and will anrnuranP c;tatP and Inral nartnPrs to ifiPntifv onnortunitip-fnr imnrovinn nollinatnr and https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 42 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk "'mYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM monarch habitat along transportation rights-of-way,in local parks and public spaces,and other promising locations along the 1-35 corridor. • Evaluate opportunities to encourage pollinator habitat on privately-owned and-operated facilities:USDOT has worked with the Rails-To-Trails Conservancy and the American Society of Landscape Architects(ASLA)regarding information on pollinator-friendly landscaping design for transportation stakeholders in order to identify opportunities to promote pollinator health on unused rights-of-way.A number of the Department's modal websites will provide hyperlinks connecting visitors to additional resources promoting pollinator health and the planting of pollinator-friendly vegetation.Resources will focus on the role of the transportation sector in promoting pollinator health.Website links will navigate visitors to additional pollinator-related resources. 33 -. NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Metrics for Improving the Quality and Quantity of Overall Acreage for Pollinators: Farm Services Agency(FSA) • Complete a review of CRP practices in 2015 and revise Conservation Practice Standards as appropriate. • Document total CRP acreage annually,including: — Document targeted pollinator acreage annually,and meet goal of 200,000 acres by 2018. — Document mid-contract enhanced CRP acreage and complete initial assessment of honeybee con- servation pilot by 2016. — Document cumulative CRP acreage in targeted pollinator practices and other pollinator friendly practices(CP-42,mid-contract,SAFE,etc.)annually. • Document ELAP expenditures for honeybee colony losses. Natural Resources Conservation Service(NRCS) • Document NRCS financial support to implement conservation practices to provide diverse plant forage in support of pollinators. • Document the number of acres contracted under the EQIP to establish honey bee habitat. • Document funding of annual innovation grant projects that demonstrate the value of habitat for pol- linators,and to expand and improve NRCS capacity to establish and monitor high-quality,permanent, bee forage sites. Department of the Interior(DOI) - rli.r,...,.. k. tko A^f CVtc •tio..nr�es..FAI�A_.v.o.,o.,.,.dlo.,.lo�,....�1....�.,.,....�•_f,..�..�.,.,r-,•�.... F.—J, https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 43 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9"' iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM management,and green stripping(vegetation for fire breaks)activities to rehabilitate agency lands that include native pollinator-friendly seeds;document actual pollinator enhanced acreage. • Document the number of monarch butterfly habitat acres restored by the FWS;the number of acres acquired by FWS that provide monarch habitat;and the number of schoolyard habitats/gardens created on FWS owned lands or through FWS technical assistance. Department of Transportation(USDOT) • Complete pollinator BMP materials by February 2016 with a target date to make materials publicly avail- able by spring 2016. • Make vegetation management e-book publicly available by spring 2015. • Conduct fall 2015 workshop to promote 1-35 corridor conservation. • USDOT will develop links on the USDOT website that will provide visitors access to additional resources promoting the role of the transportation sector in support of pollinator and monarch health by Pollinator Week(June 16-23,2015). * 34 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Working with the Edison Electric Institute (EEI) and Electric Utilities on Transmission Line RoW Habitat:The North American Electric Reliability Corporation(NERC)has delegated responsibility to develop and enforce standards to ensure the reliability of the bulk power sys- tem,including the Reliability Standard that addresses vegetation management covering tree trimming on high voltage transmission RoWs(FAC-003-2;residential power line maintenance is under the purview of state and local authorities).The transmission line requirements place strict responsibilities on operators that trees and other vegetation growing in or adjacent to a power line RoW be trimmed to prevent power outages caused by tree contact with a transmission line. These RoWs can be cost-effectively managed to offer prime pollinator habitat of low-growing grasses,forbs,and shrubs,using techniques such as Integrated Vegetation Management(IVM).A number of major public and private utilities have become exemplars of IVM practices to encour- age pollinators.Federal agencies(EPA,USDA,DOI,DOE)are revising the existing Memorandum of Understanding with EEI to further these beneficial pollinator practices. C. Strengthening Federal Guidance Documents to Increase Pollinator Habitat Modifications to Federal guidance documents can engender long-term,often cost-neutral,changes whose benefits accrue over years and become part of routine business practice.Guidance documents https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 44 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk --- mYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM ano weosites also oTTer ine means oy wnlcn staTT can loenury aciamonal tecnnlcal ano personnel resources to inform actions.The Presidential Memorandum recognized that key changes to internal Federal guidances were needed,calling out three such guidance documents to address Federal habitat management actions,supplemented by a native seed reserve to provide regionally-sourced pollinator seed mixes.These Federal guidance documents increase in scale from building construction and main- tenance(General Services Administration),to designed landscapes(Council on Environmental Quality), to broad land management activities(BLM,USFS,and others): • Federal Building Standards and Custodial Specifications:The U.S. General Services Administration(GSA)provides the spaces,services,and goods required to operate the Federal government.GSA's Public Buildings Service(PBS) provides workplaces by constructing,man- aging,and preserving government buildings and by leasing and managing commercial real estate.PBS owns or leases over 8,700 assets,comprising approximately 377 million square feet of workspace for over 1 million Federal employees.GSA's Facilities Standards for the Public Buildings Service,the P-100,11 provides design performance guidance to meet agency design goals.The P-100laid the groundworkfor policies to protect pollinator habitat through existing standards that promote the preservation of greenfields,protection of existing site trees and other vegetation,and use of non-invasive,native,or adapted vegetation.GSA has now added pollinator-specific guidance to the P-100,including practices to promote both nesting and foraging for regionally-appropriate pollinators on landscaped sites.GSA guidance also informs the management of agency facilities and landscapes nationwide,through a national custodial specification providing model contract language.GSA has added new pollinator-friendly guid- ance references to relevant custodial specification sections, such as Grounds Maintenance, 8. http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/104821 35 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS that cross reference the new P-100 pollinator requirements and the CEQ Designed Landscape Addendum (below).GSA also establishes long-term,government-wide contracts with com- mercial firms to provide access to commercial products and services at volume discount pric- ing,i.e.,the GSA Schedule.GSA is establishing a schedule item for firms to provide landscape construction services to replace monoculture landscapes along rights-of-ways and other large designed acreages with native grasslands(i.e.,prairies and meadows). • Guidance for Supporting Pollinators on Designed Federal Landscapes:The Federal govern- ment controls or owns more than 41 million acres of land and 429,000 building assets,compris- ing 3.34 billion square feet of space in the United States.Consequently,landscaping practices by Federal agencies can have significant impacts on the environment.Decisions regarding the development and maintenance of Federal landscaped property provide an opportunity to promote the sustainable use of these facilities,actions empowered by Executive Order 13514, now EO 13693,and implemented by CEQ in the October 31,2011 Guidance for Federal Agencies on Sustainable Practices for Designed Landscapes.Pursuant to the Presidential Memorandum, https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 45 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfya10yHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS�"'--"uGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11'40AM t_tQ issuea an aoaenaum to the sustainame lanascape gulaance entluea.�upporang me Heaim of Honey Bees and other Pollinators.y This addendum guides Federal agencies in incorporating pollinator-friendly practices in new construction,building renovations,landscaping improve- ments,and in facility-leasing agreements at Federal facilities and on Federal lands. • Best Management Practices for Pollinators on Federal Lands: Beyond buildings and designed landscapes,the Federal government manages,on behalf of the Nation,large expanses of lands,from forests,prairies,and parklands to grassed spillways and rights-of-way for roads, pipelines,and power lines.As required by the President,DOI and USDA have prepared a BMPs document that consolidates general information about practices and procedures for Federal agencies (e.g., USDA, DOI, DOE, USACE)to use when considering pollinator needs in project development and management of Federal lands that are managed for native diversity and multiple uses.The BMPs(USDA/DOI 2015)are organized under three subject areas:(1)BMPs to improve pollinator habitat,(2)BMPs to protect pollinators when taking management actions, and(3)BMPs to protect and sustain specific pollinator species,notably honey bees and monarch butterflies.Selected references are provided,and readers are encouraged to access these as well as additional sources of information on the BMPs that they are interested in implementing. 9. http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ceq/sustainability/landscaping-guidance 36 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Metrics for Strengthening Federal Guidance Documents to Increase Pollinator Habitat: General Services Administration(GSA) • Draft P-100 standards were issued through a directive on September 18,2014,and finalized following Public Buildings Service clearance in 2015.httpV/www.gsa.gov/portal/content/104821 • The number and percentage of new GSA buildings implementing each tier of the P-100 pollinator standard will be tracked. • GSA schedule for firms to provide landscape construction services to replace mono-culture landscapes along rights-of-ways and other large designed acreages with native grasslands and clovers will be Pctah1ichPf1 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 46 of 70 tbbOtUfyd o2 94 n 7 E 1SXNYn fya10yH KDG mYe 9tW3Xsk ""'mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM Council on Environmental Quality(CEQ) • The addendum to the sustainable landscape guidance,Supporting the Health of Honey Bees and other Pollinators,was issued on October,2014. Department of the Interior(DOI)and Department of Agriculture(USDA) • Guidance document on BMPs to protect and sustain pollinators on Federal land completed and issued in May 2015(USDA/DOI 2015). D. Increasing Habitat Quantity and Quality on Federally-Managed Facilities All Task Force agencies are addressing opportunities to review their facilities-management practices to increase pollinator habitat.These applications primarily implement the GSA building and CEQ designed landscape guidance documents,modified in certain instances by agency mission needs. • White House South Lawn Pollinator Garden and Beehive:With the help of the National Park Service and White House staff, First Lady Michelle Obama led local school children and FoodCorps volunteers in planting the first White House Pollinator Garden on April 2,2014.The garden is located next to the White House Kitchen Garden and beehive,illustrating the impor- tance of pollinators to good nutrition.The Kitchen Garden,beehive,and pollinator garden have generated national interestthrough their prime location in one of the most photographed spots in the Nation,accompanied by continued engagement from the First Family. • Smithsonian Institution (SI)gardens:The Smithsonian Institution oversees and manages approximately 7,000 acres of land within the United States.SI's iconic facilities in Washington,DC, host over 28 million annual visitors whojoin in the vision of preserving our heritage,discovering new knowledge,and sharing resources with the world.SI's strategic direction is to reduce turf and mulch areas in gardens and replace with appropriate native plantings to serve as educa- tional and inspirational foci.SI has developed pollinator foraging habitat using native plants at the Smithsonian Garden's Butterfly Garden and Urban Bird Habitat at the National Museum of Natural History,and landscapes around the National Museum of the American Indian and the Cultural Research Center in Suitland,MD.The National Zoo has completed a rain garden, 37 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HOMEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS butterfly garden,and native plant"Zoo in Your Backyard"to enthuse visitors with the benefits of native plantings in their own gardens.Outside Washington,the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Edgewater,MD has 2,200 acres of land that includes native species that are pollinator-friendly,and a newly constructed 4.65 acre wetland featuring pollinator-friendly aquatic plants.The Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute in Front Royal,VA manages 200 acres of old fields,400 acres of pasture,and 200 acres of hayfields,all of which are managed with https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 47 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9`"uGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11,40 AM pollinator-triendly plants.An additional 30 acres will be converted to native grassland using a mix of flowering native plants. • U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA)People's Garden Initiative and Headquarters bee- hive:On February 12,2009,to honor Abraham Lincoln's 200th birthday,Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack declared the grounds surrounding USDA Headquarters in Washington,DC,to be the first People's Garden.This commenced a challenge to employees to create gardens at all USDA facilities,which has since expanded to a collaborative effort of over 700local and national organizations working together to establish community and school gardens across the country. People's Gardens vary in size and type, but they must be collaborative community endeavors and should incorporate sustainable practices,including planting of native plants that sustain beneficial insects.All produce grown at a People's Garden on USDA-owned or-leased property is donated to help those in need. • The Department of the Interior(DOI)to develop guidance for pollinator-friendly facilities and lands:DOI is drafting a landscaping policy to promote pollinators on all DOI-owned facili- ties and offices,covering organizations such as BLM, NPS,FWS, USGS, Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), Bureau of Indian Affairs(BIA),Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE),and Headquarters Offices.DOI also manages a large and diverse range of lands for a variety of purposes,and many ongoing land management practices provide nesting substrate and food sources for a range of pollinator species. BLM is revising its Renewable Resource Treatments and Improvements manual to include the use of pollinator-attractive native plants in vegetation treatments and the use of best management practices,and is working to update stipulations for apiary permits on BLM lands. • The U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)to establish a comprehensive pollinator baseline at its facilities:The EPA will complete pollinator site assessments at its owned labora- tories nationwide,including an inventory of flora types,a listing of observed pollinator species, and a review of landscaping practices,resulting in the establishment of a comprehensive pol- linator baseline.Additionally,the EPA will review existing landscaping contracts at EPA-owned laboratories to look for opportunities to institute more pollinator-friendly landscaping activities. The pollinator baseline will be used in tandem with master plans to drive future landscaping decisions that will further protect and expand pollinator communities at EPA-owned laborato- ries.These activities will culminate in establishing targets of opportunity in FYI and the out- years at EPA-owned laboratories that protect and expand pollinator communities in accordance with the Presidential Memorandum.The EPA will also be collaborating with the General Services Administration in FYI and out-years to seek opportunities to further protect and expand pol- linator communities at GSA-owned/-leased and EPA-occupied properties nationwide. 38 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Department of Defense(DOD)pollinator directives to facilities:DOD manages avast and varied array of property types that can contribute to pollinator health,covering 25 million acres https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 48 of 70 tbbOtUtydo294n7E1SXNYnfya10yHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk--'"mYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM of land and tens of thousands of buildings.To implement the Presidential Memorandum,DOD has built upon its existing land stewardship activities through orders,directives,guidance,and funding to increase pollinator habitat.DOD collaborates with the Pollinator Partnership to pro- vide technical and programmatic guidance on pollinators and pollinator habitat implemented on DOD lands.Immediately following the Presidential Memorandum,DOD issued a memoran- dum to Military Services(September 2014)to reinforce the DOD Policy to Use Pollinator-Friendly Management Prescriptions and use native landscaping,when possible;avoid using herbicides and pesticides in sensitive habitats;and coordinate with other agencies and non-governmental organizations on habitat and pollinator issues.DOD will issue additional instructions that the Military Services track implementation of this policy, in addition to adding pollinator-friendly management language to DOD Instruction 4715.03,Natural Resources Conservation Program, which is DOD's primary policy document for natural resource management.DOD will issue additional technical and programmatic guidance to update the Unified Facilities Criteria[UFC] for Landscape Architecture(UFC 3-201-02),issued in February 2009,to include pollinator-friendly management practices in contractor design and construction projects.Pollinator protection and management will also be included in DOD's Natural Resources Strategic Plan,which provides broad goals and objectives for implementing natural resources conservation and management on DOD installations. From 2009-2014, DOD funded approximately 150 pollinator-related National Public Lands Day projects,and will continue to support these small projects(<$6,500) that provide tools and resources to volunteers. • The U.S.Army Corps of Engineers(USACE)to adopt land BMPs for pollinators on Corps recreational and fee owned projects:The USACE is the steward of the lands and waters at 12 million acres of Corps water resources projects.The natural resources mission of the Corps is to manage and conserve these natural resources,consistent with ecosystem management principles,while providing quality public outdoor recreation experiences to serve the needs of present and future generations.The primary focus of the Corps pollinator plan will be on fee- titled lands,although the plan shall be applied,as appropriate,to all Corps commands having responsibility for civil works functions.The Corps will: — Issue policy guidance on pollinator health and management:The Corps will identify existing policy and guidance and modify these for pollinator health,including access for commercial hives.These actions will include issuing a policy memorandum or similar guidance from Corps HQ Natural Resource Management Branch to Divisions,Districts,and Projects encouraging use of the Pollinator Land BMPs as part of normal operating principles during land management, and revising guidance of natural resource regulations when these are updated. — Incorporate pollinator work within its budget guidance:The Corps will provide guid- ance in the USACE Budget Engineer Circular and Environmental Stewardship Budget Tools to encourage pollinator habitat improvements.Other projects to benefit bees and wild pollinators will be identified and considered during the budget process,underthe steward- ship business line. 39 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 Page 49 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9"UGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS — Identify USACE pollinator partnerships:The Corps Stewardship Advisory Team will engage the Corps Partnership Advisory Committee to evaluate existing partnership tools, such as challenge partnerships and handshake programs,to determine how such tools could be appropriately used to improve pollinator health. — Increase awareness and education on pollinator actions:The Corps will incorporate information on pollinator health in exhibits and displays for visitor education as appropriate, and will increase the pollinator habitat message into ranger contact materials when updates occur.The Corps will consider construction of pollinator gardens near visitor centers and other high-pedestrian traffic areas to promote healthy pollinator habitat. — Implement conservation and best management practices for pollinator health:The Corps will implement the above listed Federal facility guidance documents and Land BMPs for pollinator habitat improvement at its facilities.A particular initial focus will be on the 1-35 corridor,from Texas to Minnesota,as this area provides important spring and summer habitat for the monarch butterfly.The Corps has over 1 million acres at 45 projects within 50 miles of 1-35.Coordination with partners, such as Texas Parks and Wildlife and FWS Southwest Region,has begun. — Develop metrics to track pollinator habitat improvement:The Corps has developed specific indicators to track work activities and accomplishments that target pollinator pro- tections for the FY 17 budget development process.At a minimum,the acreage of habitat improvement, invasive species treatment, plantings,site protection,and other related activities will be identified,consolidated,and incorporated into the Corps'annual program recommendations.Additional metrics focusing specifically on monarch improvements and pesticide management will be evaluated for future development. • Department of Transportation(USDOT)"Pollinator Flagship Facilities":The USDOT Office of Sustainability and Safety Management(OSSM) is working closely with USDOT Operating Administrations that own or directly manage properties to identify and implement practices to support and improve the health of wild pollinators and honey bees,and has recommended that evaluation factors based on the addendum to the sustainable landscape guidance,Supporting the Health of Honey Bees and other Pollinators,be used in awarding future landscape contract procurements.USDOT has conducted an inventory of landscape management practices docu- menting widespread use of native plants and minimal insecticide use on USDOT-managed properties. USDOT has identified three properties(Federal Highway Administration'sTurner- Fairbank Highway Research Center,the PSTNolpe's National Transportation Systems Center, and the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center)to serve as "Pollinator Flagship Facilities"Managers of these properties,overseeing a total of approximately 50 acres,have agreed to develop plans for enhanced plantings of pollinator gardens,including native plants,and to reduce mowing to allow increased flowering of existing grassland plants and reduced use of insecticides.In addition,a pollinator garden,certified by the North American Butterfly Association,has been installed at the USDOT headquarters building in Washington, DC in partnership with the building owner. 40 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 50 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfya10yHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk ""'mYuGgrt51Y0sRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Department of Energy(DOE) pollinator lands at the National Laboratories: DOE owns thousands of acres of land associated with its national laboratories,field offices,user facilities, and National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)operations.For example,the Argonne National Laboratory campus includes 1,500 acres,Brookhaven National Laboratory 5,320 acres, Fermi National Laboratory 6,800 acres,and the Oak Ridge complex 4,421 acres.Consistent with each site's mission,DOE will implement the GSA and CEQ guidance documents concerning the management of Federal buildings and landscapes to include pollinator-friendly regional seed mixes.The first step in the development of performance metrics will be to identify those sites appropriate for the adoption of BMPs and to provide estimates of the area of potential habitat being added.The effort will be undertaken over the next 12 to 18 months.Once the candidate sites have been identified,adoption of BMPs will proceed on a site-by-site basis. • Housing and Urban Development(HUD)to issue pollinator notice to grantees:Most HUD projects are designed and implemented by grantees,and there are currently no landscaping requirements for HUD funding.To advance the President's goals,HUD will develop a notice to encourage grantees to incorporate new pollinator habitats into existing and future projects,and to adjust their landscaping procedures to reduce mowing,plant native species,and review pesti- cide usage.The notice will document the economic arguments for pollinator support,including reduced landscaping costs and other compliance suggestions,as incentives to implementation. This will be supplemented by educational materials and the incorporation of pollinator aware- ness into future training materials and vehicles.Grantee projects that incorporate pollinator habitat into project design will be highlighted on the HUD website. • Department of State (DOS) to expand pollinator habitat:The Department of State is committed to conservation and sustainable use of natural resources,representing the United States globally in numerous international environmental fora.The Department of State fosters pollinator-friendly work through the Greening Diplomacy Initiative(GDI), a commitment to lead by example and improve the sustainability of the Department's facilities and operations. The Department is not a large landowner inside the United States,with only seven domestic properties totaling fewer than 71 hectares(175 acres).Domestically,the Department of State will continue its partnership with GSA to explore further pollinator-friendly landscaping enhance- ments at appropriate facilities.The first of the Department's efforts will include,consistent with the master plan of the facility and subject to the availability of resources,cultivation and planting of a pollinator meadow at the National Foreign Affairs Training Center(NFATC),the main campus of the Foreign Service Institute(FSI), in Arlington,VA,during the spring of 2015. Consistent with the master plan and subject to the availability of resources,a rooftop pollinator garden and general pollinator signage will be installed at NFATC in 2016.There are currently more than 20 U.S.Diplomatic Posts and two domestic facilities featuring pollinator-friendly and/ or native plant-focused landscaping,supported by Integrated Pest Management practices at all Department-owned facilities.Four U.S.missions(Bern,Switzerland;Ciudad Juarez,Mexico; Geneva,Switzerland;and Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) are registered as Certified Wildlife Habitat by the National Wildlife Federation,and the Department will seek,subject to availability of resources,further Mission certifications. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 51 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfSP''— uGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 1L40 AM 41 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS • Demonstrating special emphasis projects at GSA facilities:GSA has implemented a variety of sustainable landscaping demonstration projects that support pollinators.These include the Sustainable Sites(SITES)-certified Pete V.Domenici U.S.Courthouse (Albuquerque, NM) landscape renovation,which provides a refuge for urban wildlife with 79%native plants,and the Federal Building at 50 United Nations Plaza(San Francisco,CA),with a green roof designed to create a safe haven and fly-over for bird,butterfly,and insect populations.GSA will review current capital project programs to identify additional special emphasis pollinator-friendly projects to demonstrate best practices and educate the public. Metrics for Increasing Habitat Quantity and Quality on Federally-Managed Facilities: I White House • White House Pollinator Garden was planted in 2014 and is being successfully maintained. Smithsonian Institution(SO • Document annual increase of acreage on SI property in the United States covered by best management practices for pollinator health. US Department of Agriculture(USDA) • Document number and percent of USDA facilities with People's Gardens. Department of the Interior(DOI) • Complete landscaping policy to promote pollinators on all DOI-owned facilities and offices;issue by end of summer 2015. • All DOI-owned facilities landscaping contracts will include pollinator-beneficial requirements within 5 years. • Initiate revision of BLM Manual 1740"Renewable Resource Treatments and Improvements"by second quarter of FYI 6. • Update BLM Lands Program stipulations for apiary permits by FYI 6. • Develop and issue instructional memoranda directing BLM State Directors to identify a coordinator for pollinator project development,coordination,and reporting in FYI 5. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) • EPA will complete the baseline pollinator habitat assessment by end 2015,as a prelude to implementing additional pollinator habitat and gardens. i Department of Defense(DOD) https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 52 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk `"-"nnYuGgrt51Y0sRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM • Review and update appropriate policy issuances by December 2015. • Signed MOU in February 2015 with Pollinator Partnership to provide technical and programmatic guid- ance on pollinator habitat implemented on DOD lands. 42 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Metrics for Increasing Habitat Quantity and Quality on Federally-Managed Facilities (Continued): U.S.Army Corps of Engineers(USACE) • Issued field guidance and information in June 2014 to field projects on the National Pollinator Strategy, the Corps Pollinator Health Plan,and best management practices. • Incorporate pollinator management protocols into the draft ER 1130-2-540 by June 2015 for inclusion into final publication.Final publication date to be determined. • Include specific pollinator guidance and identification of pollinator work in the development of environ- mental stewardship aspects of the FY17 Budget.Completed. • Include internal pollinator web-based resources on the Corps Natural Resources Management Gateway to expand education on creating and protecting pollinator habitat. • Establish FY17 Budget identifiers for pollinator habitat in the ENS Business Line Budget Tool (Environmental-Stewardship Budget Evaluation System(E-S BEST)).Completed. • Initial identification of partners for pollinator habitat through the Corps Partnership Advisory Committee by May 2015. • Document,by December 15,2015,the number of pollinator gardens with displays to promote healthy pollinator habitat for visitor education at Corps facilities. Department of Transportation(USDOT) • By December 2015,USDOT will adopt the CEO guidance into its policies,and flagship facilities will have finalized plans to enhance pollinator-friendly habitat practices. • Acres of pollinator habitat will be documented at USDOT Flagship Facilities. Department of Energy(DOE) • Document annual increases in acreage covered by best practices,with a goal of adopting BMPs at the identified sites over a 10-year timeframe. Housing and Urban Development(HUD) • Issue notice to incorporate new pollinator habitats into existing and future projects,and to adjust land- scaping procedures to reduce mowing,plant native species,and review pesticide usage,by June 2015. Department of State(DOS) https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 53 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyaI0yHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS� "AGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11.40 AM • Document and post online the number of Department-owned facilities with pollinator-friendly or native plant-focused landscaping. • Document the number of Department-owned facilities recognized as Certified Wildlife Habitats by the National Wildlife Federation. General Services Administration(GSA) • Identification of additional special emphasis projects involving landscaping to support pollinators will be accomplished by the end of the third quarter of FY15. 43 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS E. Native Seed Strategy and Reserve DOI and USDA are leading Federal efforts to establish a reserve of native seed mixes,including pollinator- friendly plants,for use on post-fire rehabilitation projects and other restoration activities.This action builds on the existing Native Plant Materials Development Program,created by Congress in 2001,that directs the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S.Forest Service to help ensure a stable and eco- nomical supply of genetically-appropriate native plant materials.This program is aided by the USDA NRCS Plant Materials Program,which has a nationwide network of Plant Materials Centers(PMC)that evaluate pollinator-friendly plants and develop information for establishing and managing pollinator plants.The PMCs are working with the Xerces Society and native seed industry partners to increase the availability of important pollinator plant material. Creating a Reserve of Native Seed Mixes The Presidential Memorandum builds on these activities by identifying existing public and private resources,with the objective of providing regionally-appropriate native seed mix capacity sufficient to meet Federal land restoration and rehabilitation needs,and to potentially contribute to other state and local activities requiring native pollinator seed mixes.To these ends,the Department of the Interior led the multi-agency preparation of a draft National Seed Strategy for Rehabilitation and Restoration(2015) and An Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy(2015).The National Seed Strategy is directed toward providing land management agencies with the tools needed to facilitate ecological restoration across the United States,including acquisition,storage,and distribution of native seed and other plant materials.The Rangeland Fire Management Strategy includes a Seed Strategy section identifying a systematic pathway forward,including responsible organizations and delivery dates. Plant Material Development and Production • Identification of pollinator-attractive plants:A team of Federal agency staff, including representatives of the BLM,USFS,ARS,and NRCS,will lead regional native plant and pollinator partnership groups to identify plant species that are both attractive and nutritionally beneficial to pollinators.These include plant species that are currently in production and those species https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 54 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM that might need to be increased through established plant materials programs or through col- lection of seed and grow-out contracts with private industry.The team will also consider if the best way to increase these species is with seed,seedlings,or container stock. • Identifying existing pollinator plant production:Federal agencies will assess work that is ongoing for pollinator-friendly species at plant material centers, nurseries,seed extractories, germplasm storage centers,and other facilities,and outline current and needed capacity to maintain a steady supply of pollinator-attractive native plant species for all agencies to use in restoration,rehabilitation,and other projects requiring pollinator-friendly plant species. • Expanding private-sector species availability: Federal agencies with responsibilities for developing plant materials will assess the collaborative work that is underway with the private seed industry to increase the availability of a variety of pollinator-friendly native species for 44 1 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS use in wildlands and natural areas,as well as the collaborative work needed to maintain a seed supply of pollinator-friendly species for restoration and other uses. Seed Collection,Storage,and Use • Identifying additional plant collection and grow-out needs: Federal agencies will work with USDA-NRCS Plant Materials Centers,local native plant societies,the seed industry and other partners,agencies,and organizations to create or update Technical Notes that outline pollinator-friendly species by ecoregion.By 2017,all ecoregions in the United States will have pollinator-friendly plant lists.Federal agencies responsiblefor restoration activities will workwith agencies that have plant materials development responsibility to determine which pollinator- friendly native plant species are the highest priority for developing seed transfer and distribu- tion actions.Agencies will identify pollinator-attractive plant species appropriate for permitted wild land collection,areas where seed may be collected,and the amounts of seed that can be sustainably collected in average years on lands they manage,and will begin collecting seed according to species priority. • Confirming and augmenting seed storage capacity:Agencies with plant material storage facilities will assess the current status of agency supplies and storage of pollinator-friendly native plant materials,as well as how these native seeds are distributed to regions and projects. Agencies with responsibilities in the Eastern,Southern,and Midwest regions will work with the private seed industry to determine the storage reserve of pollinator-friendly native plant materials for use in those areas.Agencies with land management responsibility in the West will assess the need for distributed storage,as well as the quality of mobile units for that storage investment. • Empowering agency use of pollinator-friendly seedstock:Agencies will identify funding https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E15XNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 55 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS�*" "jGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11'40 AM sources for implementing the seed reserve actions in the Presidential Memorandum and Strategy.Agencies with land-management responsibility will review policies regarding resto- ration,rehabilitation,and reclamation for opportunities to use pollinator-friendly native plant species.All Federal agencies may utilize the Restoration Services Contract that contains bid items for seed as nursery stock production,outplanting,and other restoration-related activities. * 45 * NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Metrics for Implementing a Federal Native Seed Strategy and Reserve: Plant Material Development and Production: • BLK USFS,NRCS,and ARS will identify plant species that are most beneficial to pollinators to consider in regional development programs by August 2015. • Agencies that use native plants in restoration activities will determine which pollinator-attractive native plant species are the highest priority for developing seed transfer and distribution zones(September 2015). • Federal agencies with responsibilities for plant materials development will identify species beneficial to pollinators that are currently being produced by each of the Federal agencies,and will establish the availability of each species by December 2015. • By October 2015,Federal agencies will identify those pollinator-friendly plant species currently in grow- out programs that are expected to be harvested and made commercially available in the summer/fall of 2016. • Agencies will also identify by October 2015 those species they expect to begin evaluating and produc- ing,along with estimated targets for when adequate seed of such species will be available to transfer to commercial producers. Seed Collection,Storage,and Use: • DOI and the U.S.Forest Service will complete an outline of existing seed collection programs and deter- https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 56 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk " "'mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM mine priorities for additional seed collection efforts by October 2015. • Areas where seed may be collected in sustainable amounts will be identified by December 2015,and collection of seed will be initiated in spring of 2016. • Seed storage capacity and needs will be identified by April 2016. • Funding sources for implementing seed reserve actions will be identified by September 2015. • Agencies with land management responsibilities will complete review of policies regarding restoration, rehabilitation,and reclamation using pollinator-attractive plants by December 2016. • Agencies with land management responsibilities will evaluate their need to utilize Restoration Services Contracts by December 2015. 46 Protecting Pollinators From Exposure to Pesticides Pesticides play a critical role in agricultural production and the health of our society.Pesticides include, among their many and varied uses,the herbicides necessary for no-till agriculture and invasive species plant control,and the insecticides necessary to combat species that can decimate crops or transmit human disease. It is the misuse and overuse of these pesticides that leads to adverse ecological and human health consequences.Federal agencies,particularly EPA,are entrusted with balancing the risks and benefits of pesticide use.This challenge is made more complex for pollinator species,as most pol- linators—honey bees,wild bees,moths, beetles,flies—are insects and,as such,are susceptible to the designed toxicities of applied insecticides. Furthermore, plants that are deemed"weeds"and excised from farms and front gardens may have served as nurseries or food sources for honey bees and wild pollinators,including monarch butterflies.These complex considerations mandate care in all pesticide application,and underpin the need for Integrated Vegetation and Integrated Pest Management(IVM, IPM)as sustainable approaches to"managinq pests by combining biological,chemical,cultural,mechani- https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 57 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS^"'--"uGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11,40 AM cal and physical tools in a way that minimizes economic,health,and environmental risks.'' Mitigating the effects of pesticides on bees is a priority for the Federal government,as both bee pol- lination and insect control are essential to the success of agriculture. EPA is working to reduce bees' exposure to pesticides without losing the ability to control pests in agriculture.Certain pesticides are also important pest management tools for beekeepers.Through actions outlined in this Strategy,the Federal government seeks to create physical and temporal space between the use of pesticides and those areas and times when pollinators are present.The Presidential Memorandum specifically tasked EPA to assess the effect of pesticides,including neonicotinoid insecticides,on the health of bees and other pollinators,and to take appropriate actions to protect pollinators.The following summarizes the specific actions that EPA will take over the next 3-5 years to contribute to this effort(see Appendix A for details). Implement New Harmonized Guidance for Assessing Pesticide Risks to Pollinators In June 2014, EPA,working in collaboration with Health Canada and the California Department of Pesticide Regulation,released a harmonized guidance for assessing the risks posed by pesticides to bees (USEPA 2014).The guidance describes a tiered process beginning with a conservative screen (Tier 1) that uses laboratory-based acute and chronic toxicity studies of individual adult and larval honey bees. These laboratory results are compared to exposure estimates to ascertain if there are potential risks to the bees. Depending on the results, more refined estimates of exposure can be used to determine if risk estimates exceed levels of concern,at which time higher-tier studies may be required.The higher- tiered studies consist of semi-field tunnel or feeding studies with whole colonies undergoing relatively controlled exposures(Tier 2),to full-field studies of whole colonies with free-foraging bees and pesticide application conditions as close to actual use conditions as possible(Tier 3).Throughout this process, 10. 7 U.S.Code§136r-1 -Integrated Pest Management 47 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS risk assessors consider whether mitigation measures can be applied sufficient to reduce exposures to levels that are not of concern. • Issue new toxicity study guidelines to more fully protect honey bees:EPA is reviewing new exposure and effect study protocols to implement the harmonized pollinator risk assessment process(above).In past years, EPA has routinely required acute contact toxicity testing with individual adult bees(USEPA 2012a),toxicity of residues on foliage with individual adult bees (USEPA 2012b),and field pollinator studies with whole colonies(USEPA 2012c)as part of the suite of data used to characterize the potential exposure and effects of pesticides on non-target organisms.Recognizing heightened concerns for honey bees,in 2011 EPA issued interim study guidance for bee health(USEPA 2011).EPA has developed finalized guidance(USEPA 2014)on the conduct of exposure and effect studies used to characterize the potential risk of pesticides to bees,and on how these data will be required by the EPA.These advances reflect the under- https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 58 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrFC1111"nYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM standing that the honey bee colony represents a complex superorganism consisting of male and female bees at different stages of development,each with different functions within the colony and with differing routes of exposure to pesticides.Additional exposure study protocols include semi-and full-field studies to examine uptake and decline of residues in plants(particularly in nectar and pollen).Additional effects study protocols include some with existing guidelines developed by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD), includ- ing acute adult oral toxicity(OECD 1998a),acute larval toxicity(OECD 1998b),and semi-field testing with whole colonies(OECD 2007).New guidelines for chronic toxicity testing with adult bees and with bee larvae are under development by EPA,in conjunction with the OECD.OECD guidance documents are also under development for acute toxicity testing with bumble bees, and work is underway internationally to develop additional tests with solitary bees and other insect pollinators. • Re-evaluate the neonicotinoid family of pesticides:Honey bees exhibit complex social behaviors to identify pollen and nectar sources, return to the hive potentially miles away, communicate locational information to the colony,and participate in brood rearing and care. Concern for honey bee health has centered on published reports of chronic neurotoxicity to bees posed by the widespread use of the neonicotinoid family of pesticides.Neonicotinoid pesticides are absorbed by plants and distributed systemically to various plant tissues,with some of the pesticide residue being transferred to pollen and nectar,and then to honey,over potentially prolonged periods. Bees exhibit a wide range of sensitivities to the different neo- nicotinoid compounds.Under the harmonized risk assessment process,EPA has been working to ensure that there are sufficient data to characterize exposure to, and effects from,these compounds,both at the level of the individual bee and at the whole-colony level.In addition to laboratory-based studies on honey bee adults and larvae,EPA is reviewing multiple field-based studies at the whole-colony level.Consistent with the President's requirements,EPA has further expedited its broad re-evaluation of the nitroguanidine-substituted neonicotinoid subclass(i.e., imidacloprid,clothianidin,dinotefuran,thiamethoxam)under the 2015-2017 schedule laid out in Appendix A.As part of EPA's ongoing effort to protect pollinators,the EPA has sent letters to registrants of neonicotinoid pesticides with outdoor uses,informing them that EPA will likely not be in a position to approve most applications for new uses of these chemicals until new bee 48 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS data have been submitted and pollinator risk assessments are complete.The letters reiterate that the EPA has required new bee safety studies for its ongoing registration review process for the neonicotinoid pesticides,and that the EPA must complete its new pollinator risk assess- ments(which are based in part on the new data)before it will likely be able to make regulatory decisions on imidacloprid,clothianidin,thiamethoxam,and dinotefuran that would expand the current uses of these pesticides.This is an interim position,as the outstanding data identified in the re-evaluation program are scheduled to be submitted to EPA over the upcoming few years. Once the data and assessments for honey bees are available,EPA will be able to make stronger https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrtSIYOsRTJ94 Page 59 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS11111-vuGgrtS1YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11,:40AM and more scientifically-reliable regulatory decisions on their uses. • Analysis of neonicotinoid seed treatments:EPA conducted a draft economic analysis of the benefits of imidacloprid,clothianidin,and thiamethoxam seed treatments for insect control in United States soybean production.The assessment examines the use of neonicotinoid seed treatments in terms of the extent of use and the pests targeted.The assessment also estimates the biological and economic impacts of not allowing the use to continue on soybeans.The draft analysis was released for public comment between October 2014 and January 2015.EPA is reviewing the comments and analyzing additional information relevant to the assessment. EPA typically assesses the benefits of a chemical on a crop by crop basis.EPA's assessment of neonicotinoids'benefits on soybeans is the first completed for the neonicotinoids because some scientific publications claim that treating soybean seeds has little value.EPA will perform additional benefits assessments as part of the registration review process in which EPA will consider both risks and benefits for each of the neonicotinoids. • Assess other pesticides fortheir potential impacts on pollinators:Many pesticides can affect honey bees and other pollinators,especially when misapplied contrary to label requirements. Building upon the risk framework and study protocol enhancements described above,EPA will incorporate this new science into its regulatory decision-making process for all applications for new active ingredients,as well as periodic reviews of active ingredients under the registration review program,for which EPA will open public comment periods on proposed mitigation decisions.The 2015 release schedule for risk assessments for public comment is detailed in Appendix A. • Restrict the use of pesticides that are acutely toxic to bees:EPA has improved label language and restrictions for pesticides that are acutely toxic to bees.In 2013,EPA notified registrants of four neonicotinoid insecticides and several other insecticides of EPA's decision to reduce poten- tial acute exposure to these pesticides.EPA is considering additional restrictions on a broader range of pesticide products to further reduce the likelihood of acute exposure and mortality to bees from the foliar(leaf) application of acutely toxic compounds.Contracted pollination services pose a particular risk for bee mortality,where a large number of honey bee colonies are intentionally placed at an agricultural site.Application of a toxic pesticide in this scenario is near certain to result in adverse effects to pollinators.Although such outcomes are counter- productive for both beekeeper(loss of honey bee stock)and grower(diminished pollination services),consistent ways to avoid such outcomes have proven challenging.EPA believes that strong regulatory measures should be in place on the contracted service scenario to mitigate 49 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS these potential problems. EPA will propose to prohibit the foliar application of acutely toxic products during bloom for sites with bees on-site under contract,unless the application is made in accordance with a government-declared public health response.These measures would include advisory hazard statements 1e.a., pollinator protection boxes)as well as enforceable https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrf59WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 60 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk ""'mYuGgrt51Y0sRTJ94 6/23/1S, 11:40 AM language in the directions for use sections of labels. For colonies not contracted to provide pollination services,EPA believes that state/tribal-managed pollinator protection plans could provide effective means of mitigating potential acute exposures to foliar applied pesticides at bloom,as these plans serve as a means of accommodating both grower and beekeeper needs through cooperative agreements at the local level. • Work with states and tribes to issue pollinator protection plans: Localized and more- customized mitigation measures may best be achieved through states and tribes developing pollinator protection plans.These plans help address the need for improved communication between growers/applicators and beekeepers with respect to pesticide applications. Plans articulate means through which growers,applicators,and beekeepers can quickly and effec- tively communicate pesticide applications in close proximity to managed colonies.To establish the framework for these plans,EPA is working with state and tribal agencies through existing partnerships. Several states, including California, Colorado, Florida, Mississippi,and North Dakota, have already developed plans.These plans,developed in cooperation with a broad spectrum of agricultural interests including beekeepers, provide the foundation upon which EPA has been collaborating with its state and tribal regulatory partners to identify the necessary elements that the Agency will use to evaluate managed pollinator protection plans developed by states/tribes. • Reduce exposures during the planting of pesticide-treated seed:Modern agricultural prac- tices use precision pneumatic equipment to plant seeds.Bee kills have been reported from the drift of contaminated dust during the planting of pesticide-coated seed using these practices, predominantly from abrasion of the seed coating.Stakeholder engagement on this problem has led to their issuing guidance on seed treatment stewardship(ASTA 2013),along with efforts to develop lubricant agents that can reduce dust generation during the planting of treated seed. EPA has been working with the American Seed Trade Association,equipment manufacturers, and pesticide registrants to explore additional mitigation measures,including broader adoption of best management practices,to further reduce the emissions of these pesticide residues dur- ing the planting process.These efforts have included the development of alternative lubricants used in pneumatic planters to reduce the extent of dust generated through the abrasion of treated seed during planting(fugitive dust),as well as the development of more effective seed coatings to enhance the extent to which pesticides adhere to seeds. • Evaluate and mitigate pesticide impacts on monarch butterflies:EPA has determined that the protection of milkweed is consistent with its responsibilities under FIFRA and that it will take actions,as part of its regulatory decisions and voluntary programs,to establish practices and requirements to protect critical milkweed resources.EPA will issue for public comment a draft framework outlining an approach it intends to take to protect monarch butterflies.Specifically, EPA has identified the types of information that may be important to identify actions that bal- 50 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 61 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS^"'--"uGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11'40 AM ance monarch protection and weed management.The framework will support and complement the actions and objectives of the Canada/Mexico/United States Trilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation and Management.EPA is continuing to work with multiple Federal agencies(e.g.,USFS,FWS,USGS)to understand the habitat needs of the monarch butterfly rela- tive to its migratory pattems.The efforts to conserve milkweed species from effects of herbicides may encompass a number of pesticidal compounds.Therefore,in contrast to a typical quanti- tative single-chemical analysis approach,EPA will rely upon both qualitative and quantitative analyses to weigh risks and benefits and identify actions to conserve the milkweed plant where it is important to monarch butterflies.EPA anticipates that a number of actions could be taken to protect monarch butterflies,ranging from changes to pesticide label instructions,to spray drift buffers from critical milkweed resources,to best management practices.These management practices may mirror and be complementary to other conservation efforts aimed at creating, conserving,or restoring wildlife habitat.Collaboration between partners in different sectors will be important for success to adopt management practices in a coordinated manner,not only at the field level but at the landscape and area-wide levels,as well. • Issue guidance for bee incident report inspections: Bee mortality incidents are reported through tips or complaints to EPA(http://www2.epa.gov/pollinator-protection/report-bee- kills),state,or tribal pesticide programs.EPA considers this incident report data as a means to identify patterns of bee kills associated with the use of specific pesticides or active ingredients, and to thereby inform pesticide regulatory decisions.EPA has developed guidance to identify unique considerations that Federal,state,and tribal inspectors should take into account when they are conducting inspections as a result of the death of honey bees and other social bees (httpJ/www2.e pa.gov/s ites/production/files/201.3-09/documents%bee-i n spectign�%u ide.pdf). ---------- -- --------------- EPA has required states to report bee kill incidents as part of the Cooperative Grant Guidance through which states receive funding to support incident inspections. • Expedite review of new Varroa mite control products:Many researchers believe that honey bee health has been significantly compromised by hive pests. In particular,the Varroa mite (Varroodestructor)is seen as a significant parasite and challenge to maintaining healthy honey bee colonies. In 2014,EPA approved all of the requested emergency exemption applications it received from state agencies for a product that is designed to help manage the mite and to increase the available options for combating resistance development in mite populations.EPA recently registered a Varroa control product,oxalic acid,which is also registered in Canada. EPA is working with the regulated community,other Federal agencies,and the private sector to identify products that may be effective in-hive pest control measures.EPA is committed to expediting the evaluation for any new pesticide products that may be used to help manage colony pests.An increased variety of chemical control measures must,however,be integrated with other non-chemical control methods to ensure that these collective efforts reduce the extent to which Varroa resistance continues to develop. 51 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 62 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrl11"nYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Environmental Protection Agency Metrics for Protecting Pollinators from Exposure to Pesticides: • Tiered guidance for assessing the risk posed by pesticides to bees was completed in 2014(in collabora- tion with Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency(PMRA)and California Department of Pesticide Regulation(DPR)). • Document the number and percentage of registration and registration review chemicals required to submit testing data at each Tier of the above guidance. • Complete all honey bee exposure and effect protocols and implement the harmonized pollinator risk assessment process by the end of 2016. • Achieve conformance with the 2015-2017 re-evaluation schedule of the nitroguanidine-substituted neonicotinoid subclass to satisfy the standard for registration under FIFRA. • Finalize benefits assessments for imidacloprid and thiamethoxam soybean seed treatments by fall 2015. • Provide annual updates on the number of pesticides for which the new framework for assessing risks to bees has been incorporated.Document the number of labels that contain pollinator-specific mitigation measures. • Issue for public comment a proposed prohibition on foliar application during contracted pollinator services by December 2015. • Issue for public comment a draft framework outlining an approach to protect monarch butterflies that balances monarch protection and weed management by summer 2015. • Document the number of state/tribal pollinator protection plans addressing the need for improved communication between growers/applicators and beekeepers with respect to pesticide applications under development and the number of plans implemented. • Bee mortality incident guidance was issued May 9,2013;EPA will report annually on the number of reported mortality incidents,cumulative hive mortality,and results of inspections. • Document the time required to evaluate proposed new Varroa control products. • Document the number of Varroacide products available for use. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/Javascript/external/pdf-Js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 63 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfScIIA'—vuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11,.40AM 52 Conclusions The Task Force has developed this Strategy to promote the health of honey bees,monarch butterflies, and other pollinators.The overarching goals are to reduce overwintering honey bee colony mortality by 50%within ten years,increase the Eastern wintering population of the monarch butterfly to 225 million butterflies in five years,and restore/enhance 7 million acres of land for pollinators over the next 5 years through Federal actions and public/private partnerships.This Strategy,consisting of a Pollinator Research Action Plan,plans for outreach and education,habitat enhancement and increased acreage,and public-private partnerships,has been described in the preceding sections.The heads of the Executive Departments and Agencies have responded to the elements identified in the Presidential Memorandum on developing such a Strategy.As each component of the Strategy is implemented,the Task Force will modify and adjust the Strategy to reflect the evolving science on which it is founded,to ensure that Federal resources are used effectively to improve pollinator habitat and health.As directed by the President,the representatives from each of the departments and agencies responsible for various elements of the plan will regularly report to theTask Force.Given the importance of a collective response to pollinator declines and the number of sectors of agriculture,industry,and the environment potentially affected by these declines,each of the departments and agencies represented on the Task Force will continue to engage the public and private sectors to develop partnerships that can more effectively leverage the resources needed to effect change at both the national and global level. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrf59WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 64 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk " "'mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 53 References American Seed Treatment Association(ASTA)."The Guide to Seed Treatment Stewardship"(2013). Available at<http://seed-treatment-guide.com/>. Biesmeijer,J.C.,et al."Parallel Declines in Pollinators and Insect-Pollinated Plants in Britain and the Netherlands.'Science 313.5785(2006):351-354. Bond,J.,K.Plattner,and K.Hunt."Fruit and Tree Nuts Outlook:Economic Insight.U.S.Pollination- Services Market:'USDA Economic Research Service Situation and Outlook FTS-357SA(2014). Available at<httpJ/www.ers.usda.gov/media/1679173/special-article-september=pollinator- service-ma rket-4-.pdf>. Calderone,N.W."Insect Pollinated Crops,Insect Pollinators,and U.S.Agriculture:Trend Analysis of Aggregate Data for the Period 1992-2009."PLoS ONE 7.5(2012):e37235.doi:10.1371/journa I. pone.0037235 California Department of Food and Agriculture(CDFA)."Bee and Beehive Information"(2014). Available at<http.//www.cdfa.ca.gov/plant/PE/interiorexclusion/bees.html>. Cameron,S.A.,et al."Patterns of widespread decline in North American bumble bees"Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 108(2011):662-667. Carrol,M."Determining the Impacts of Pesticide and Nutrition-Induced Stress on Honey Bee Colony Growth and Survival:'Project Number 2022-21000-018-00.Tucson,AZ:U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service(2014).Available at <http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/plant/PE/interiorexclusion/bees.htmi>. Code of Federal Regulations(CFR)."Data Requirements for Pesticides"Part 158,subpart G(Ecological Effects),§158.630(2014).Available at<http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=21 a138f64536c 54b37b08461804e0780&tpl=/ecf rbrowse/Titl e40/40cfrl 58_m ai n_02.tpl>. Colla,S.R.,et al."Plight of the Bumble Bee:Pathogen Spillover from Commercial to Wild Populations" Biological Conservation 129(2006):461-467. Commission on Environmental Cooperation(CEC)."North American Monarch Conservation Plan' (2008).Available at<httpJ/www3.cec.oT/islandora_/en/item/2350-north-american-monarch- conservation-plan-en.pdf>. European Food Safety Authority(EFSA)."Guidance on the risk assessment of plant protection prod- ,-,__L.....,./A-:. 0......1.... CECA 1-... 1 11 7.7'1(1C/-ini 3\ 'lGL https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 65 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfya10yHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS11" 'uGgrt51YOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11`.40AM Ull3 VI Ufa)I ruuJ app.al lu avil Lai y LI Jn Juur I lal r Ia. .fL.7.J 14V 1 Jj.LVu pp.doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3295.Available at <http://www.efsa_europa.eu/en/efsajournaI/doc/3295.pdf>. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization(EPPO)."Efficacy Evaluation of Plant Protection Products:Side-effects on Honey bees"PP 1/170(4),OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 40(2012): 313-319. 54 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Fischer,D.,and T.Moriarty."Pesticide risk assessment for pollinators:summary of a SETAC Pellston Workshop"SETAC Press(2014).Available at <httpJ/www.setac-org/sites/defa ilt/fi les/exec utives ummarypcllinators_20sep2Ol l.pdf>. Forster,R."Bee poisoning caused by insecticidal seed treatment of maize in Germany in 2008"In:P.A. Oomen,and H.M.Thompson(eds).Hazards ofpesticides to bees- 10th International Symposium of the 1CP-BR Protection Group,pp.126-131.Julius-Kuhn Archv 437(2009).Available at <httpJ/pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JKA/article/viewFile/143/128>. Health Canada."Evaluation of Canadian Bee Mortalities in 2013 Related to Neonicotinoid Pesticides: Interim Report as of September 26,2013"(2013).Available at<httpJ/www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/ alt_.formats/pdf/pubs/pest/_fact-fiche/bee mortality-mortalite_abeille eng.pdf>. Kremen,C.,et al."Pollination and other ecosystem services produced by mobile organisms:a concep- tual framework for the effects of land-use change."Ecology Letters 10.4(2007):299-314. Kremen,C.,et al."The Area Requirements of an Ecosystem Service:Crop Pollination by Native Bee Communities in California"Ecology Letters 7.11 (2004):1109-1119. Krupke,C.H.,G.J.Hunt,G.D.Eitzer,G.Andino,and K.Given."Multiple Routes of Pesticide Exposure for Honey Bees Living Near Agricultural Fields"PLoS ONE 7.1 (2012):e29268.doi:10:1371/journal. pone.0029268. Lebuhn,G,et al."Detecting Insect Pollinator Declines on Regional and Global Scales,"Conservation Biology27.1 (2013):113-120.doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2012.01962.x. Le Conte,Y.,and M.Navajas."Climate Change:impact on honey bee populations and diseases."Revue ScientifrqueetTechnique(International Office of Epizootics)27.2(2008):499-510. McMahon,D.P.,M.A.Furst,J.Caspar,P.Theodorous,M.J.F.Brown,and R.J.Paxton."A sting in the spit: widespread cross-infection of multiple RNA viruses across wild and managed bees"Journal of Animal Ecology(2015).doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12345 Moisset,B.,and S.Buchmann."Bee Basics:An Introduction to Our Native Bees"A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication(2011).Available at <http://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCU MENTS/stel prdb5306468.pdf>. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xskrf59WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 66 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xski""ffuGgrt51Y0sRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40AM Moran,N.A.,etal."Distinctive Gut Microbiota of Honey Bees Assessed Using Deep Sampling from Individual Worker Bees."PLoS ONE 7.4(2012):e36393.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036393. Mullin,C.A.,et al."High Levels of Miticides and Agrochemicals in North American Apiaries: Implications for Honey Bee Health"PLoS ONE 5.3(2010):e9754.doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0009754 National Research Council(NRC).Status of Pollinators in North America.Committee on the Status of Pollinators in North America;Board on Life Sciences;Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources; Division on Earth and Life Studies.Washington,DC:National Academy Press(2007). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD).'Test No.237:Honey Bee(Apis Mellifera)Larval Toxicity Test,Single Exposure" 55 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2:Effects on Biotic Systems(2013).Available at<http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/ test-no-237-honey-bee-apis-mellifera-larval-toxicity-test-single-exposure_9789264203723-en>. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)."Test No.213:Honeybees, Acute Oral ToxicityTest."OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2:Effects on Biotic Systems(1998a).Available at<http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/ test-no-213-honeybees-acute-oral-toxicity-te st_9789264070165-en>. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)."Test No.214:Acute Contact Toxicity Test"OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Section 2:Effects on Biotic Systems (1998b).Available at<htt /www.oecd-ilibr�.org/environment/test-no-214-honeybees-acute- contact-toxicit_-test_9789264070189-een,jsessionid=43gvto47wnue9.delta>. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)."Series on Testing and Assessment Number 75.Guidance document on the honey bee(Apis mellifera L.)brood test under semi-field conditions."(2007).Available at<httpJ/www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/public displaydocumentpcit cote=env/jm/mono(2007)22&doclanQuage=en>. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)."OECD Draft Guidance Document.Honey Bee(Apis mellifera)Larval Toxicity Test,Repeated Exposure" Draft GD 25(2014). Available at<httpJ/www.pEcd.org/chemicalsafety/testing/Draft_GD_honeybee_larval_tox_ repeated_exposu re_25_Februa ry_2014.pdf>. Pettis,J.S.,and K.S.Delaplane."Coordinated Response to Honey Bee Decline in the USA."Apidologie4l (2010):256-263. Pistorius,J.,G.Bischoff,U.Heimbach,and M.Stahler."Bee poisoning incidents in Germany in spring 2008 caused by abrasion of active substance from treated seeds during sowing of maize."In:P.A. Oomen,and H.M.Thompson(eds).Hazards of pesticides to bees- 10th International Symposium of .L_- nn n__-- :_-r__.._ __ .+n .— I..0:.._ V:tL- w__L.. w,.1 _L I- _. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...ftbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt51YOsRTJ94 Page 67 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS— —"uGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11':40 AM Litt it.r-orl rruttLOW I VrL�UEJ,PP. 1 1 O-LLU.JUI I UY'nUlll I HILL IV-+Z.3 tLUu7J.nVdlld UW dl <http://www.jki.bund.de/fileadmin/dam-uploads/ veroeff/JKI_Archiv/JKI_Archiv_423.pdf>. Pollinator Research Action Plan(PRAP).(2015).Available at<httpJ/www.whitehouse.gov/sites/ default/files/microsites/ostp/pollinator research action-plan_2015.pdf>. Pollinator Partnership."Honey Bees and the Corn Dust Research Consortium"(2013)Available at <httpJ/www.pollinator.or /g CDRC.htm>. Potts,S.G.,et al."Global pollinator declines:trends,impacts and drivers"Trends in Ecologyand Evolution 25.6(2010):345-353. Rennich,K.,et al."2011-2012 National Honey Bee Pests and Diseases Survey Report"USDA Animal Plant and Health Inspection(2012)Available at<http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/ plant_pest info/honey bees/downloads/2011_National_Survey_Report.pdf>. Spivak,M.,et al."The Plight of the Bees."Environmental Science and Technology 45(2011):34-38. Steinhauer,NA.,et al."A National Survey of Managed Honey Bee 2012-2013 Annual Colony Losses in the USA:Results from The Bee Informed Partnership."Journal ofApicultural Research 53.1 (2013): 1-18. 56 NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS Steinhauer,N.A.,et al.Colony Loss 2014-2015:Preliminary Results(2015). Available at <httpJ/beeinformed.or9/2015/05/colony-loss-2014 2015-preliminary-results>. Stoner,K.A.,and B.D.Eitzer."Using a Hazard Quotient to Evaluate Pesticide Residues Detected in Pollen Trapped from Honey Bees(Apis mellifera)in Connecticut"PLoS ONE 8.1 (2013):e77550.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077550. Tapparo,A.,D.Marton,C.Giorio,A.Zanella,L.Solda,M.Marzo,L.Vivan,and V.Girolami."Assessment of the environmental exposure of honeybees to particulate matter containing neonicotinoid insecticides coming from corn coated seeds"Environmental Science and Technology46.5(2012): 2592-2595.doi:10.1021/es2035152. The Plant List."The Plant List:A working list of all plant species"(2013.)Available at <httpJ/www.theplantlist.orq/>. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA)."Honey."National Agriculture Statistics Service(2005).Available at<httpJ/usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/nass/Hone//2000s/2005/Hone-02-28-2005.pdf>. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA).Colony Collapse Disorder Action Plan.CCD Steering Committee (2007).Available at<httpJ/www.ars.usda.gov/is/br/ccd/ccd_actionplan.pdf>. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA)."Surveys:Bee and Honey"National Agriculture Statistics Service(2009).Available at <httpJ/nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Bee_and_Honey/index.asp>. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA).Report on the Notional5tokeholders Conference on Honey Bee Health.National Honev Bee Health Stakeholder Conference Steerina Committee. 15-17 Oct. https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E15XNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 68 of 70 tbbOtUf;do294n7EISXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3Xsk mYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 11:40 AM 2012.Alexandria,VA:Sheraton Suites Old Town Alexandria Hotel.National Honey Bee Health Stakeholder Conference Steering Committee(2012).Available at <www.usda.gov/documents/reporthoneybeehealth.pdf>. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA)."Honey."National Agriculture Statistics Service(2015). Available at<http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/current/Hone/Hone-03-20-2015.pdf>. U.S.Department of Agriculture(USDA)and U.S.Department of the Interior(DOI).Pollinator-Friendly Best Management Practices for Federal Lands.(2015).Available at <httpJ/www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/pollinators/BMPs/>. U.S.Department of the Interior(DOI).An Integrated Rangeland Fire Management Strategy.(2015;in preparation).To be available at<httpJ/forestsandrangelands.gov/rangeland/index.shtml>. U.S.Department of the Interior(DOI).Draft National Seed Strategy for Rehabilitation and Restoration. (2015).Available at<http://www.bim.gov/ut/st/en/prop /more/CPNPP/0/seedstrategy.html>. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)."Interim Guidance on Honey Bee Data Requirements' (2011).Available at<http Nww.epa.gov/pesticides/science/efed/policy—guidance/team_ authors/terrestrial_biology_tech_tea Whoneybee_data_i nterim_99ida nce_pdf>. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)."OCSPP 850.3020:Honey Bee Acute Contact Toxicity Test."Ecological Effects Test Guidelines,EPA 712-C-019(2012a).Available at <httpJ/www.reg u lations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2009-0154-0016>. * 57 * NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF HONEY BEES AND OTHER POLLINATORS U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)."OCSPP 850.3030:Honey Bee Toxicity of Residues on Foliage"Ecological Effects Test Guidelines,EPA 712-C-018(2012b).Available at <http://www.regu lations.gov/#!docu mentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OP PT-2009-0154-0017>. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)."OCSPP 850.3040:Field Testing for Pollinators"Ecological Effects Test Guidelines,EPA 712-C-017(2012c).Available at <http://www.requlations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA lations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA HQ-OPPT-2009-0154-0018>. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)."Memorandum to Registrants of Neonicotinoid Products on Pollinator Protection Labeling for nitroguanidine neonicotinoid products."(2013)Available at <httpJ/www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013-11/documents/bee-label-info-Itr.pdf>. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency."Evaluation Guidelines for Ecological Toxicity Data in the Open Literature."(2014).Available at <httpJ/www.epa.gov/pest icides/science/efed/policy_gu idance/tea m_authors/endangered_ species_reregistration_workaroup/esa_evaluation_open_literature.htm>. U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA),and California Department of Pesticide Regulation(DPR)."White Paper in Support of the Proposed Risk Assessment Process for Bees."Submitted to the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel for Review and Comment(2012).Available at https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-is-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 69 of 70 tbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfSS iGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 6/23/15, 1':40AM <httpJ/www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0543-0004>. ' U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),Health Canada Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA),and California Department of Pesticide Regulation(DPR).Guidance for Assessing Pesticide Risks to Bees.(2014).Available at<httpJ/www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014- 06/documents/pol I i nator_risk_assessment_guidance_06_19_14.pdfi. vanEngelsdorp,D.,et al."Colony Collapse Disorder:A Descriptive Study.'PLoS ONE 4.2(2009):e6481. doi:10.1371/journa1.pone.0006481. The White House."Presidential Memorandum-Accelerating Technology Transfer and Commercialization of Federal Research in Support of High-Growth Businesses'"Office of the Press Secretary(2011).Available at<http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/10/28/ presidential-memorandum-accelerating-technology-transfer-and-commerciali>. The White House."Presidential Memorandum-Creating a Federal Strategy to Promote the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators"Office of the Press Secretary (2014).Available at<httpJ/www.whitehouse.gpv/the-press-office/2014/06/20/ presidential-memorandum-creating-federal-strati-promote-health-honey-b>. Winfree,R.,T.Griswold,and C.Kremen."Effect of Human Disturbance on Bee Communities in a Forested Ecosystem."Conservation Biology 21.1 (2007):213-223. Wojcik,V.,L.Adams,and K.Rourke.Securing Pollinator Health and Crop Protection:Communication and Adoption of Farm Management Techniques in Four Crops.Prepared by the Pollinator Partnership for USDA.Contract Number:AG-32SB-P-13-0301 (2014).Available at <httpJ/pollinator.org/PDFs/SecuringPollinatorHealthCropProtecti on,pdf>. * 58 https://www.dropboxstatic.com/static/javascript/external/pdf-js-e9...FtbbOtUfydo294n7E1SXNYnfyalOyHKDGmYe9tW3XskrfS9WmYuGgrt5lYOsRTJ94 Page 70 of 70