HomeMy WebLinkAboutRes 04-127 Energy Efficiency Loan from California Energy CommissionCITY OF PALM DESERT
COMMUNITY SERVICES
STAFF REPORT
REQUEST: APPROVAL OF APPLICATION FOR AN ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LOAN FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION TO
IMPLEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEAURES
SUBMITTED BY: Robert Kohn, Director of Special Programs
DATE: December 9, 2004
CONTENTS: 1. Resolution
2. Energy Efficiency Study Final Report
Recommendation
1. Waive Further Reading and Adopt Resolution No. 04-127
2. Authorize the Mayor to sign the California Energy Commission Loan
Application and Loan Agreement in the amount of $197,135.
Executive Summary
The City Council adopted Resolution No. 04-35 at the May 13, 2004 meeting
authorizing the application for the California Energy Commission's Assistance Program.
The program provides technical assistance and low interest loans for the
implementation of projects to reduce energy costs in local government facilities.
The Palm Desert study is based on a site survey performed in August 2004; a review of
historical utility data; information provided by City personnel; and engineering analysis
work.
The objective of the study was to identify feasible energy saving projects at the City Hall
facility. The study has been completed and several projects have been identified for
loan funding by the California Energy Commission (CEC).
Staff Report
December 9, 2004
Energy Efficiency Loan
Discussion
Resolution No. 04-127
The criteria for selected projects are that they must have a simple payback period of 10
years with debt service covered by the energy savings. The projects identified in the
analysis meet the criteria and include a 50 kW photovoltaic system, lighting retrofit, and
some additional HVAC Controls. The total project cost is $331,753 with rebates and
other incentives of $132,854. The proposed loan application is for $197,135. The
annual savings will be $19,210/yr. resulting in no additional costs to the City in making
the loan payments.
The Self Generation incentives and California Energy Commission Loan must be
applied for or reserved prior to January 1, 2005 in order to secure the funds and loan
interest rate of 3.95%. Staff has reserved the incentives through Southern California
Edison for the 50 kW photovoltaic system. Mr. Leonard Wolk of REASCO has reviewed
the CEC analysis and concurs with the findings.
Submitted by:
4��X�
ROBERT KOHN, Director Special Programs
Approval:
City Manager
Finance . it ctor +
ler
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALM
DESERT AUTHORIZING THE APPLICATION FOR AN ENERGY
EFFICIENCY LOAN FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
TO IMPLEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES
RESOLUTION NO. 04-127
WHEREAS, the California Energy Commission provides loans to
schools, hospitals, local governments, special districts, and public care
institutions to finance energy efficiency improvements;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council
authorizes the City of Palm Desert to apply for an energy efficiency loan
from the California Energy Commission to implement energy efficiency
measures.
BE IT ALSO RESOLVED, that the amount of the loan will be paid
in full, plus interest, under the terms and conditions of the loan agreement
of the California Energy Commission.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Mayor is hereby authorized
and empowered to execute in the name of the City of Palm Desert all
necessary documents to implement and carry out the purpose of this
resolution, and to undertake all actions necessary to undertake and
complete projects.
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the
City of Palm Desert at the regular meeting held this 9t" day of December,
2004 by the following vote:
AYES:
Councilmember:
NOES:
Councilmember:
ABSENT:
Councilmember:
ABSTAIN:
Councilmember:
ROBERTS. SPIEGEL, MAYOR
ATTEST:
RACHELLE KLASSEN, CITY CLERK
(�7
RESOLUTION NO. 04-35
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
PALM DESERT APPROVING THE "REQUEST FOR
ASSISTANCE" FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENERGY
COMMISSION FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENERGY
EFFICIENCY, COGENERATION PROJECT AT CITY HALL
WHEREAS, the California Energy Commission has developed the
Energy Partnership Program to provide technical assistance in identifying
energy efficiency improvements;
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Palm Desert authorizes
the City Manager, to apply for technical assistance from the California
Energy Commission; .
WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Palm Desert recognizes
that the California Energy Commission has limited funds for technical
assistance and that primary consideration will be given to those that are
committed to implementing the recommended projects identified through
the Energy Partnership Program;
WHEREAS, the City of Palm Desert intends to apply for assistance
from the California ,Energy Commission for development of an Energy
Efficiency and Cogeneration Project at City Hall;
WHEREAS, the City of Palm Desert will enter into agreements with
the California Energy Commission;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the City Council of the City of
Palm Desert, California, authorizes the following:
1. The submittal of an application to the California Energy Commission's
Energy Partnership Program.
2. The City Manager, or a designee, is hereby authorized and empowered to
execute in the name of the City of Palm Desert all necessary applications,
forms, contracts, payment requests, agreements, and amendments hereto
for the purpose of obtaining technical assistance and funding for energy
efficiency improvements to City Hall.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDY
For
CITY HALL
CITY OF PALM DESERT
PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA
FINAL REPORT
CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION
ENERGY PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM
Contract No. 400-00-079
Work Authorization No. 43
Prepared by
SERVIDYNE SYSTEMS, LLC
1945 The Exchange, Suite 325
Atlanta, GA 30339
(800) 241-8996
December 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVESUMMARY..............................................................................................................I
INTRODUCTION AND FACILITY BACKGROUND..................................................................3
CURRENTENERGY OVERVIEW...............................................................................................4
EnergyUse Profile...............................................................................................................4
LightingSystems..................................................................................................................8
HVACSystems....................................................................................................................9
Miscellaneous Energy Systems..........................................................................................11
RECOMMENDED ENERGY PROJECTS...................................................................................12
LightingProjects................................................................................................................12
HVACProjects..:...............................................................................................................16
SolarProjects.....................................................................................................................17
ADDITIONALISSUES.................................................................................................................19
APPENDIX A: HISTORICAL ENERGY USE......................................................................... A-1
APPENDIX B: ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS.................................................................B-1
APPENDIX C: MANUFACTURERS' PRODUCT LITERATURE..........................................C-1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The City of Palm Desert spent $85,402 for electricity and natural gas use at City Hall during the 12-
month period between October 2003 and September 2004. Annual energy expenditures can be
reduced by approximately $19,200, or 22% of utility bills, if the energy projects recommended in
this report are implemented. The net cost to implement these measures, after anticipated incentive
rebates, is just over $197,000, resulting in an average payback of 10.3 years. The table on the
following page summarizes the recommended measures, their annual energy savings, installation
costs, and simple payback periods.
The City Hall facility is currently operating fairly efficiently. The City has implemented a number
of significant energy measures over the past several years. These include installation of a solar PV
system, a cool roof retrofit, replacement of older rooftop HVAC units with high efficiency models,
installation of programmable thermostats, replacement of incandescent interior lighting with
compact fluorescent, conversion of mercury vapor exterior eave lighting to compact fluorescent,
and installation of LED exit sign retrofits. The building envelope is well insulated, and the glazing
is inset with deep overhangs for solar shading. In addition, the building expansion in 1990
incorporated skylights and a daylight dimming system for interior fluorescent lighting, as well as
occupancy sensor lighting controls.
Several of the recommendations in this report expand on measures already implemented by the
City. The most significant project involves installation of a larger solar PV system with a capacity
rating of 50 kWDC. The size selection of this system was based on available electrical infrastructure
on site as well as overall payback considerations. The financial viability of this project depends on
the availability of incentive rebate funding. The economic analysis in this report assumes that Self
Generation Incentive Program funds will be available from Southern California Edison at the time
of project implementation, at a reduced rate from the previous $4.50 per watt to the anticipated
$3.00 per watt for the 2005 program.
Three lighting projects are also recommended: replacement of remaining incandescent exterior
lighting with compact fluorescent, conversion of all T-12 interior fluorescent lighting to T-8 lamps
with electronic. ballasts, and replacement of remaining fluorescent exit signs with LED exit signs.
The T-8 lighting project analysis assumes that an SCE rebate will be available at the same rates that
were applicable in the 2004 Express Efficiency rebate program.
One HVAC measure included in the report calls for re -programming the thermostat schedules and
temperature settings for several of the rooftop units. While most of the programmable thermostats
in the facility were observed to be set up correctly, approximately 15 percent had incorrect time
and/or temperature settings that were causing excess energy use.
This report begins with an overview of the current energy use and energy -using systems at City
Hall. The report then describes the recommended energy saving projects. Each project description
includes a discussion of the implementation work scope and a summary of the economic analysis.
Additional issues that could not be addressed as recommended projects but may warrant further
action are discussed at the end of the report. Appendices provide historical energy usage and cost
data, detailed engineering calculations, and sample product literature.
1
RECOMMENDED ENERGY PROJECTS
Peak
Annual Annual
Annual
Project
Simple
Project
Demand
Elec Nat Gas
Cost
Cost
Payback
Description
Savings
Savings Savings
Savings
Estimate
(years)
(kW)
(kWh) (Therms)
Lighting Projects
1. Compact Fluorescent
0.0
5,256 0
$451
$202
0.4
Exterior Lamps
2. T-8 Lamps and
20.9
58,514 0
$8,325
$33,715'
4.0
Electronic Ballasts
3. LED Exit Signs
0.1
1,191 0
$123
$717
5.8
HVAC Projects
1. Thermostat
0.0
20,537 0
$1,764
---
Immediate
Programming
Solar Projects
1. Solar PV System
31.9
63,718 0
$8,547
$162,500'
19.0
Total
52.9 I
149,216 0
I $19,210
I $197,135
10.3
Notes: 1. Cost shown is net amount after applying SCE rebate of $5,354, based on 2004 program rates.
2. Cost shown in net amount after applying Self Generation Incentive Program funding of $127,500,
based on 2005 anticipated program rate of $3.00 per AC watt.
2
INTRODUCTION AND FACILITY BACKGROUND
This report is the result of an energy efficiency study performed under the Energy Partnership
Program of the California Energy Commission. The program provides technical assistance and
low interest loans for the implementation of projects to reduce energy costs in local government
facilities.
This study is based on a site survey performed in August 2004; a review of historical utility data;
information provided by City personnel; and engineering analysis work. We appreciate the
valuable assistance and support provided by Robert Kohn and David Flint of the City of.Palm
Desert, during the course of the study.
The objective of this study was to identify feasible energy saving projects at the City Hall facility.
The original building was constructed in 1983 and consisted of three sections: the, Council
Chambers, the Administrative Services wing, and the Environmental Services wing. The facility
was expanded in 1990 with the addition of the North wing and East wing. The building areas are
summarized in the table below.
Building Area
I Square Feet
I Year
Constructed
Council Chambers
6,127
1983
Admin Svcs
8,427
1983
Environ Svcs
10,274
1983
North Wing
9,920
1990
East Wing
10,485
1990
Total 1 45,233
In addition to the City Council meeting facility, the building houses offices for the City Manager,
the Mayor and various City service departments. The floor plans include open and private office
areas, conference rooms and break rooms. There are also two lobby areas with wall exhibits on
display.
The masonry building is well -insulated with R-30 roof insulation. Glazing is double pane tinted
insulating glass, inset with deep overhang shading. The North and East wings have skylights.
The offices are generally occupied from 8 AM to 5 PM, Monday through Friday, year-round.
Janitors clean the building during a six -hour period in the evenings. The Council Chambers are
used only intermittently - for City Council meetings, which are held every other Thursday, except
in August. The Council Chambers are also used for community meetings and hearings, which are
generally scheduled one to four nights per week.
3
CURRENT ENERGY OVERVIEW
Ener--v Use Profile
The City of Palm Desert spent $85,402 for energy consumed by City Hall in the 12-month period
between October 2003 and September 2004. Electricity accounted for 99 percent of the cost;
natural gas totaled only 1 percent. The annual energy use for City Hall is summarized below:
Electricity Natural Gas
Total Cost
Facility Usage I Cost Usage Cost ($)
(kWh) I M (Therms) M
City Hall I 613,525 j $84,502 1 822 I $900 I $85,402
Southern California Edison (SCE) supplies electricity through one meter serving City Hall.
Service is provided under SCE Rate GS-2 TOU. The current rates, which came into effect in
August 2004, are approximately 4 percent lower than those reflected in the historical data
presented above.
GS-2 TOU has both demand and time -of -use energy cost components. These components are
summarized in the table below. The On -Peak period runs from Noon to 6 PM on summer
weekdays except holidays. Summer Mid -Peak runs from 8 AM to Noon and 6 PM to 11 PM on
non -holiday weekdays. Winter Mid -Peak runs from 8 AM to 9 PM non -holiday weekdays. Off -
Peak hours are all the remaining night, weekend and holiday time periods.
Rate GS-2 TOU
Component Summer Winter
(Jun —Sep) (Oct -May) t
Demand
$15.12 $6.21
(per kW per Month)
On -Peak Energy
$0.1298 ---
(per kWh)
Mid -Peak Energy
$0.0934 $0.0986
(per kWh)
Off -Peak Energy
$0.0830 $0.0830
(per kWh)
Note: kWh rates include all applicable surcharges and are based
on the recent historical average of 28 percent DWR supplied electricity.
There are several alternative GS-2 rates available from SCE on an optional basis. These include
TOU-GS-2A and TOU-GS-2H. We analyzed these rates for the City Hall load profile and
determined that the current GS-2 TOU rate is the most favorable. The City is not eligible for the
non -time -of -use GS-2 rate, because the facility's maximum demand exceeds 200 kW. If
implementation of energy projects reduces the maximum demand to below 200 kW, after 12
n
months the City would be able to switch to rate GS-2, which would reduce the annual electric
rate by approximately 3 percent.
Southern California Gas supplies the City with natural gas service under Rate GN-10. This rate
includes a customer charge, a fixed transmission charge and a monthly fluctuating procurement
charge. The total cost per therm over the past year has averaged $1.09.
The graphs below illustrate the monthly electric usage and demand, as well as natural gas usage
for the building. The electricity graphs show an expected high electric usage and demand in the
summer months when air conditioning loads are greatest. The natural gas graph shows highest
usage in winter months due to heating load.
70,000
50,000
50,000
L 40,000
Y 30,000
20,000
10,000
0
300
250
200
Y
Y 150
m
a�
d
100 E
50
0�
City Hall
BASELINE ELECTRICAL ENERGY USAGE
■ 2003 p 2004
City Hall
BASELINE ELECTRICAL DEMAND
■ 2003 a 2004
5
Aug Sep Ocf Nov Dec
City Hall
BASELINE NATURAL GAS USAGE
350 -
300
250
M 200
E
L
d
H 150
100
50
0
City Hall has a total annual energy cost of $1.89 per square foot, which is very reasonable for a
facility of this type. The total energy use is 48,100 Btu/sq.ft./year, which breaks down into
46,000 Btu/sq.ft./year for electrical usage and 2,000 Btu/sq.ft/year for natural gas usage.
An approximate breakdown of electric consumption by end -use category is shown below. The air
conditioning units utilize the largest proportion of electricity, followed by interior lighting,
exterior lighting, and office equipment.
ELECTRIC ENERGY USE
Office and Misc
Equip Interior Lighting
7% 27%
Air Condition'n
46% Exterior Lighting
20%
n
An approximate breakdown of natural gas consumption by end -use category is shown below. The
largest proportion goes toward space heating.
NATURAL GAS ENERGY USE
Hot Water
22%
Space Heating
78%
The most recent 12 months of electricity and natural gas utility data is presented in the table
below. Detailed energy usage and cost histories are provided in Appendix A.
Electricity
Natural Gas
Month
Max Demand
Usage
Cost
Usage
Cost
(kW)
(kWh)_
(Therms)
Oct 2003
211
58,768
$7,773
28
$35
Nov 2003
140
40,849
$5,052
38
$44
Dec 2003
130
41,759
$5,040
159
$150
Jan 2004
130
38,914
$4,835
317
$305
Feb 2004
130
37,406
$4,560
145
$154
j Mar 2004
164
44,457
$5,490
50
$58
Apr 2004
174
44,652
$5,495
12
$25
May 2004
211
54,176
$6,701
13
$25
Jun 2004
207
58,495
$8,998
13
$25
Jul 2004
240
69,193
$10,948
16
$27
Aug 2004
213
65,620
$10,000
15
$25
Sep 2004
229
59,236 _
$9,610
16
$27
12 Months
613,525
$84,502
822
$ 900
7
Li,ahtin2 Svstems
Lighting in the office areas throughout the facility is predominantly fluorescent. The main fixture
types are 3-lamp and 4-lamp, 4-foot recessed fixtures with clear prismatic lenses. Some 4-foot
fixtures are equipped with open parabolic louvers. There are a limited number of 2' x 2' fixtures
containing U-tube lamps, and several 3-foot fixtures as well.
In the Administrative and Environmental Services original sections of the building, the fixtures
contain T-12 lamps and magnetic ballasts. The 3-lamp fixtures are typically tandem -wired with
2-lamp ballasts. Most lamps are 34-watt models, although the City has been installing 40-watt
enhanced color lamps on a replacement basis to improve lighting quality in some areas. It was
reported that T-10 lamps had been used in the, past, but all T-10 lamps were subsequently
replaced with T-12 models.
Light levels in the office areas measured 45 to 50 footcandles, which is within the recommended
range for office applications.
The North and East additions were designed with a daylight dimming system in the interior
spaces. Features of the system include skylights, ceiling -mounted photocells, and automatic
dimming controls. The lighting fixtures in these areas are 3-lamp, 4-foot fixtures with T-12
lamps and tandem, 2-lamp dimming magnetic ballasts. The dimming control panels were
manufactured by Lutron. The North wing was designed with five control zones, while the East
wing has four. Fluorescent fixtures in the perimeter offices in the North and East wings contain
T-12 lamps and non -dimming magnetic ballasts. These offices are equipped with occupancy
sensor lighting controls.
A number of problems have been reported with the daylight dimming system. Occupants
working directly under skylights have complained of excessive brightness. To address this
complaint, the City has installed mesh covers on the exteriors of some of the skylights. Operating
problems have been reported with the dimming controls. The dimming system has been
overridden, with lights operating at full power.
Light levels in the North and East wings measured 40 to 50 footcandles in areas under the
skylights with covers, and up to 190 footcandles under uncovered skylights.
The Council Chambers lighting consists of incandescent and specialty lamps with dimming
capability. Downlights throughout City Hall, other than in the Council Chambers, contain
compact fluorescent lamps. The lobbies and hallway exhibit areas have accent lighting using
MR-16 halogen lamps.
Exit signs in the Administrative and Environmental Service offices were originally incandescent.
They have been converted with LED retrofit kits. Exit signs in the North and East wings are
fluorescent, containing two 8-watt lamps each.
0
Building exterior lighting consists of recessed downlights in walkway eaves. The original areas
contained 75-watt mercury vapor lamps, while the additions were designed with 100-watt high
pressure sodium fixtures. The mercury vapor fixtures have been converted to accept incandescent
and compact fluorescent lamps. There is a mixture of incandescents and compact fluorescents
currently installed in these fixtures.
Exterior lighting includes pole -mounted HID fixtures in the open parking lots, and T-5
fluorescent fixtures mounted under the carport roofs.
Exterior lighting is controlled by both photocells and time clocks.
HVAC Svstems
Packaged rooftop air conditioning units provide comfort cooling and heating throughout the
facility. A total of 41 units are located on the roof, with cooling capacities ranging from 2 to 12.5
tons. The 21 units serving the original sections of the building are equipped with natural gas
heating. The 20 units on the North and East wings are heat pumps. Ten of the units have been
replaced over the last several years with high efficiency models. The inventory of rooftop units is
detailed in the table on the following page.
In addition to these rooftop units, there are two small split -system air conditioners serving
computer equipment and electrical rooms, one each in the North and East wings.
Most of the rooftop units with gas heat have minimum outside are intakes; most of the heat
pumps are equipped with outside air economizers for utilization of full fresh air during cool
weather periods. Two of the newer heat pumps were installed with no provision for outside air.
Programmable setback thermostats control the majority of the rooftop units. There are a total of
33 programmable thermostats, manufactured by Honeywell, Robertshaw and Aprilaire. Most of
the thermostats were programmed correctly at the time of our site survey, with daytime cooling
temperature setpoints ranging from 75 to 78 degrees, and night setpoints of 85 degrees. The
typical operating schedule was set for 6:30 AM to 5:30 PM, Monday through Friday. We also
noted, though, that approximately 20 percent of the thermostats had incorrect time or temperature
settings, resulting in operation during building unoccupied periods.
The rooftop units without programmable thermostats are the ones serving areas with intermittent
occupancy. They are equipped with either twist timers or occupancy sensors to limit operation to
occupied periods. Two units serving conference rooms are controlled with occupancy sensors.
Six units have manual twist timers: two serving break rooms, one in a boardroom, and three in
the Council Chambers area.
E
Building Area
` Unit
t
Manufacturer I
Model No.
I System Type
Nominal oling
Capacity(Tons)
1
Carrier
48GS024040
RTU w/Gas Htg
2
2
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5 j
3
Carrier
N/A
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
Administrative
( 4
Carrier
N/A
RTU w/Gas Htg
7.5
Services
5
Carrier
48GSO48090
RTU w/Gas Htg
4
(9 Units)
6
Carrier
48GSO48090
RTU w/Gas Htg
4
7
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5 1
8
Carrier
48LH009
RTU w/Gas Htg
8.5 1
9
Carrier
48HJD008
RTU w/Gas Htg
7.5 1
1
Carrier
48HJDOOS
RTU w/Gas Htg
7.5
Council
I 2
Carrier
48HJD014
RTU w/Gas Htg
12.5
Chambers
I 3
Carrier
48HJD014
RTU w/Gas Htg
12.5 1
(4 Units)
4
Carrier
48HJD006
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
�1
BDP
580CPU060074
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
2
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5 1
3
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
Environmental
4
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
Services
5
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
(8 Units)
6
Carrier
48GS060090
RTU w/Gas Htg
5
7
Carrier
48HJD005
RTU w/Gas Htg
4
8
Carrier
4.8GSO48090
RTU w/Gas Htg
4
1
Carrier _
50QJ004
Heat Pump
3 i
2
Carrier
50QJ006
Heat Pump
5
4
Ca rrier
50 J004
Q
Heat Pum P
3
5
Carrier
50QJ005
Heat Pump
4
North Wing
6 (E)
BDP
548CEX036
Heat Pump
3
(10 Units)
7 (F)
BDP
548CEX060
Heat Pump
5
9
Carrier
50QJ005
Heat Pump
4
10
Carrier
I 50QJ005
Heat Pump
4
11
Carrier
50QJ005
Heat Pump
4 I
12
Carrier
50QJ005
Heat Pump
4
-
13
___---------
Carrier
..... . .... . .. ..
50HJQ005
Heat Pump
4
14
Carrier
50HJQ005
Heat Pump
4
16
Carrier
50QJ006
Heat Pump
5
17
Carrier
SOHJQ004
Heat Pump
3
East Wing
18
Carrier
50NQ024
Heat Pump
2
(10 Units)
( 19
Carrier
50NQ024
Heat Pump
,
2
20
Carrier
50NQ024
Heat Pump
2
21
Carrier
50QJ004
Heat Pump
3
j 22
Carrier
50HJQ004
Heat Pump
3
23
Carrier
50QJ004
Heat Pump
l 3
Total (41 Units)
_
—
i
I—� J 194
L�1,
Miscellaneous EnerQv Svstems
Several years ago, the City installed a solar photovoltaic system on a carport roof in the parking lot
adjacent to the building. The system consists of 192 Siemens SM50 panels, with a nameplate
capacity of 50 watts each, and a 15 kW inverter. The actual output averages only 4.7 kW, however,
due to shading from trees located throughout the carport area.
Another carport, located on the North end of the site, was built with a future solar installation in
mind. The structure was designed to handle solar panels, and conduit was installed from the carport
to the electrical yard as well. This carport is free from shading, since there are no trees in the area.
Other miscellaneous energy systems at City Hall include several gas -fired water healers providing
domestic hot water to the facility; general office equipment; and some kitchen equipment and
vending machines in several break rooms.
11
Lighting Project #1: Compact Fluorescent Exterior Lamps
Proiect Description
The recessed downlights in exterior walkway eaves that were converted from the original mercury
vapor fixtures contain a mixture of incandescent and compact fluorescent lamps. The incandescent
lamps used are typically 90-watt PAR38 floodlamps or A -line lamps, and there are a variety of
compact fluorescent models. It was reported that some of the compact fluorescents had burned out
prematurely and were subsequently replaced with the incandescents. We recommend that the
incandescent lamps be replaced with high quality 26-watt compact fluorescent lamps that will
provide the longevity expected of these lamps.
The compact fluorescent retrofit will reduce electric consumption, and it will reduce maintenance
costs because the fluorescent lamps will have a much longer life than the incandescent lamps they
replace.
Implementation Scope of Work
1. Replace existing incandescent lamps in exterior eave fixtures with 26-watt compact
fluorescent lamps (approximately 20 lamps total).
Analvsis Summary
Peak
Annual
Annual
Demand Savings
Electrical
Natural Gas
(kW)
Savings
Savings
(kWh)
(Gallons)
0
5,256
0
Annual Installation Simple
Cost Savings Cost Payback
(years)
S451 I $202 I 0.4
Note: Installation cost is based on work performed by City personnel.
12
Lighting Project #2: T-8 Lamps and Electronic Ballasts
Proi ect Description
The existing T-12 lamps and magnetic ballasts can be replaced with the latest generation T-8 lamps
and electronic ballasts to greatly reduce fixture wattage while maintaining light levels and
improving the quality of the lighting system. The combination of 28-watt T-8 lamps and high
efficiency, low output electronic ballasts will draw 44 watts per 2-lamp ballast. Currently, the
fixtures with 34-watt T-12 lamps and magnetic ballasts draw 72 watts per 2-lamp ballast; the ones
with 40-watt T-12 lamps draw 86 watts; and the dimmable fixtures with 34-watt lamps require 84
watts per 2-lamp ballast at full power.
This project includes retrofitting the dimming fixtures in the North and East wings with T-8 lamps
and non -dimming electronic ballasts, which will eliminate the daylight dimming system. An
alternative approach would be to install dimming electronic ballasts in these fixtures to maintain the
capability for daylight dimming control. However, the Lutron control panels would need to be
replaced as well, since the existing components in these panels are not compatible with electronic
ballasts. Due to the much higher cost of this approach, the operating problems reported with the
skylights and the existing dimming system, and the dramatic wattage reduction achievable with
non -dimming ballasts, we recommend abandoning the daylight dimming system, as presented in
this project. Some rewiring of the former dimming fixtures will be necessary to provide local bi-
level switching control.
ImDlementation Scope of Work
Remove T-12 lamps and standard magnetic ballasts from existing 4-foot fluorescent
fixtures. Wipe clean fixture interiors. Install 28-watt T-8 lamps and high efficiency, low
output electronic ballasts in existing fixtures (approximately 925 4-foot lamps, 3 1-lamp
ballasts, 458 2-lamp ballasts, 2 3-lamp ballasts total).
2. Remove T-12 lamps and dimming magnetic ballasts from existing 4-foot fluorescent
fixtures. Wipe clean fixture interiors. Install 28-watt T-8 lamps and high efficiency, low
output electronic ballasts in existing fixtures (approximately 276 4-foot lamps, 138 2-lamp
ballasts total).
3. Rewire circuits on the former dimming fixtures to provide local bi-level switching control.
This will require additional conduit and wiring, circuit breakers and wall switches.
4. Remove T-12 U-tube lamps and magnetic ballasts from existing 2' x 2' fixtures. Convert
fixtures to accept straight 2-foot T-8 lamps with new white reflectors. Install two 2-foot T-8
lamps and an electronic ballast in each fixture (approximately 46 2-foot lamps, 23 2-lamp
ballasts total).
5. Remove T-12 lamps and magnetic ballasts from existing 3-foot fluorescent fixtures. Wipe
clean fixture interiors. Install 3-foot T-8 lamps and electronic ballasts in existing fixtures
(approximately 21 3-foot lamps, 9 2-lamp ballasts, 3 1-lamp ballasts total).
13
6. Properly dispose of removed fluorescent lamps and ballasts.
Existing Fixture Type
Approximate Fixture
Retrofit Measure
Qty
-
4-ft, 4-lamp
65
Replace lamps and ballasts with 24amp
electronic ballasts
4-ft, 3-lamp tandem
184
Replace lamps and ballasts with 24amp
electronic ballasts
4-ft, 3-lamp tandem
92
Replace lamps and ballasts with 2-lamp
dimming
electronic ballasts; rewire circuits
4-ft, 3-lamp non -tandem
2
Replace lamps and ballasts with 3-lamp
electronic ballasts
4-ft, 2-lamp
52
Replace lamps and ballasts with 2-lamp
electronic ballasts
4-ft, 1-lamp
3
Replace lamps and ballasts with 1-lamp
electronic ballasts
34, 2-lamp
9
Replace lamps and ballasts with 2-lamp
electronic ballasts
3-ft, 1-lamp
3
Replace lamps and ballasts with 1-lamp
electronic ballasts
2' x 2' U-tube
23
Convert to 2-ft T-8 lamps, install 2-lamp
electronic ballasts and white reflectors
Total Fixtures 433
Analvsis Summary
Peak
Annual
Annual
Demand Savings
Electrical
Natural Gas
Annual
Installation
Simple
(kW)
Savings
Savings
Cost Savings
Cost
Payback
(kWh)
(Gallons)
(years)
20.9 '
58,514
I 0
I $8,325 I
$39,070 I
4.7
With SCE Express Efficiency Rebate
I $8,325
$33,715 I
4.0
Notes: 1. Installation cost is based on work performed by a lighting contractor.
2. Express Efficiency Rebate of $5,354 based on 2004 program rates.
14
Lighting Project #3: LED Exit Signs
Proiect Description
The exit signs in the North and East wings are each lit by two 8-watt fluorescent lamps, with a total
power draw, including ballasts, of 21 watts per fixture. Replacing the existing exit signs with LED
exit signs, which consume less than 4 watts each, will reduce both peak electric demand and
consumption. Maintenance effort and costs will also be reduced because the LED's should last at
least 10 years before requiring replacement.
Implementation Scope of Work
1. Remove the existing fluorescent exit signs and install new LED exit signs in their place.
The new exit signs should be equipped with emergency battery backup, similar to the
existing signs (8 exit signs total).
Analvsis Summary
Peak
Annual
Annual
Demand Savings
Electrical
Natural Gas Annual
(kW)
Savings
Savings Cost Savings
(kWh)
(Gallons)
0.1 I
1,191
I 0 ( $123
Installation Simple
Cost Payback
(years)
$717 I 5.8
Note: Installation cost is based on work performed by a lighting contractor.
15
HVAC Project #1: Thermostat Programming
Proiect Description
City Hall rooftop units are controlled with 33 programmable thermostats. During the site survey, we
noted that approximately 20 percent of the thermostats were not programmed correctly. Problems
included the following:
• Wrong day or time setting
• Incorrect unoccupied temperature setpoints
• Operation on weekends
This situation is causing energy waste, since some of the rooftop units are operating when the
building is unoccupied. The thermostats should be reprogrammed with proper time and day
settings, schedules that match occupancy periods, and a cooling setback temperature of 85 degrees.
Building occupants can use the temporary override feature to change temperature settings but
should not alter the basic programming. All thermostats should be checked routinely to ensure that
the proper programs are maintained on an on -going basis.
The savings calculation for this project is based on reprogramming six thermostats that were
observed with significant program deviations.
Implementation Scope of Work
1. Review programming instructions for the Honeywell, Robertshaw and Aprilaire
thermostats.
2. Program all thermostats with proper day and time, occupancy schedules for weekdays and
weekends, and setback temperatures of 55 degrees for heating and 85 degrees for cooling.
3. Instruct occupants on the use of the override feature for adjusting temperature settings
without changing the basic programming.
4. Establish a routine for checking the thermostats on a monthly or quarterly basis.
Analvsis Summary
Peak
Annual
Annual
Demand Savings
Electrical
Natural Gas Annual Installation
Simple
(kW)
Savings
Savings Cost Savings Cost
Payback
(kWh)
(Therms)
(years)
0 I
20,537
I 0 I $1,764 I $0 I
Immediate
Note: There is no installation cost for this project, based on City personnel performing the work.
16
Solar Project #1: Solar PV System
Proiect Description
The North carport was built with structural capacity for future installation of.solar photovoltaic
panels. The necessary electrical infrastructure was also installed. There is no potential shading in
the area. The existing electric yard has space for additional inverter capacity and transformers.
The existing carport PV system also has space to accommodate additional panels, and the City has
an inventory of panels that have already been purchased.
A 40 kWnc solar PV system can be installed on the North carport to provide solar power in addition
to the existing PV system at City Hall. This system sizing will provide approximately 27.2 kWAc
actual power to the facility. In addition, the existing PV system can be expanded with the
installation of 10 kWDc of solar panels that the City already owns. This addition is estimated to
provide 4.7 kWAc actual power, based on the performance of the existing panels. The combined 50
kWDc size of the new system was selected based on existing infrastructure and overall payback
considerations.
The savings calculation for this project was developed using the PVWatts v.2 software provided by
the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, using Palm Desert solar data.
Implementation Scope of Work
1. Design and specify a new 40 kWDc solar PV system for the North carport. Install the new
PV panels on the North carport roof.
2. Reconfigure the existing PV system and carport racks to accommodate an additional 10
kWDc of panels from the City inventory. Install these panels on the carport roof.
3. Install wiring in existing conduit to the electrical yard.
4. Install inverters and transformers in the electrical yard.
5. Commission the PV system to ensure proper operation and maximum power production.
17
Analvsis Summary
Peak Annual Annual
Demand Savings Electrical Natural Gas Annual Installation Simple
(kW) Savings Savings Cost Savings Cost Payback
(kWh) (Therms) (years)
31.9 I 63,718 ( 0 I $8,547 I $290,000 I 33.9
With Self Generation Incentive I $8,547 I $162,500 I 19.0
Notes: 1. Installation cost is based on turnkey contractor pricing at $6.50 per nameplate watt for the
new system, and $3.00 per nameplate watt for the addition to the existing system.
2. Self Generation Incentive of $127,500 based on 2005 expected rate of $3.00 per AC watt.
In
ADDITIONAL ISSUES
The following items cover additional issues that were investigated in the course of this study. These
items may warrant further action immediately or in the future.
Rooftop Unit Minimum Outside Air
Rooftop heat pump units 13 and 14 on the East wing roof were installed with no outside air. These
units should be equipped with minimum outside air intakes to provide ventilation air and ensure
adequate indoor air quality in the spaces they serve.
Older Rooftop Unit Replacement
The City has already replaced ten of the rooftop units with high efficiency models over the past
several years. While wholesale replacement of the remaining older units cannot be justified on the
basis of energy savings alone, the City should continue to replace the units as funds become
available.
Enemy Management System
We investigated the feasibility of installing a central energy management system to control the
rooftop HVAC units, in lieu of the existing programmable thermostats, twist rimers and occupancy
sensors. A central energy management system could provide demand shedding of the units to
reduce peak demand, central scheduling control, and temperature reset to allow space temperatures
to drift upward on peak days. The incremental savings beyond the capability of the existing controls
was not significant enough to justify the cost of a central system. Review of historical interval
electric data indicated that the potential for demand shedding through cycling of the units was
limited. The potential for upward drift of space temperatures is also very limited, because current
setpoints are already 77 to 78 degrees in many areas.
Exterior Liahtina Control
Exterior lighting represents a significant electrical load at the facility. During our site survey, it
appeared that the photocell and time clock controls were functioning properly. These controls
should continue to be checked on a regular basis to prevent unnecessary operation of the exterior
lighting fixtures when ambient lighting is available.
Occunancv Sensors
The facility has occupancy sensor lighting controls in perimeter office areas in the North and East
wings. There did not appear to be significant spaces elsewhere in the facility that would be good
candidates for further application of occupancy sensor controls.
Irrigation Pumv
As part of this study, we were asked to investigate the potential for retrofit of the irrigation pump
located adjacent to the City Hall site. During the survey, it was determined that the irrigation pump
was not powered from City Hall's electric service, but rather was under the Parks Department
electric account. We therefore did not pursue an evaluation of pump retrofit opportunities.
Rol
APPENDIX A
HISTORICAL ENERGY USE
A-1
APPENDIX B
ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS
MANUFACTURERS' PRODUCT LITERATURE
Sample product literature applicable to the recommended projects is provided in this Appendix.
The literature is included here for illustrative purposes only. Neither the California Energy
Commission nor Servidyne endorse any particular manufacturers or products.
C-1