HomeMy WebLinkAboutUpdate - Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Ambulance Medic Unit Pilot ProgramCITY OF PALM DESERT
CITY MANAGER'S OFFICE
STAFF REPORT
REQUEST: CNG AMBULANCE MEDIC UNIT PILOT PROGRAM UPDATE
SUBMITTED BY: Stephen Y. Aryan, Assistant to the City Manager
DATE: March 24, 2011
CONTENTS: 1. Fire Department Memorandum (March 14, 2010)
2. Fire Department Memorandum (October 18, 2010)
3. Medic 71 Mileage Evaluation (2010)
4. Medic 71 Mileage Evaluation (February 2011)
Recommendation
By Minute Motion, that the City Council:
AUTHORIZE staff to negotiate a buyback of the existing CNG
ambulance's chassis and fuel tanks with BAF Technologies and return
to the City Council with a cost to re -modify the patient box and remount
it on a new Clean Energy Diesel chassis. If such an option is
unavailable, authorize staff to explore the cost to either a) reconvert the
existing CNG Medic Unit back to a gasoline powered engine, or 2)
remount it on an a new diesel chassis and return to the City Council
with a cost estimate for both options.
Executive Summary
In May 2009, the Palm Desert City Council authorized staff to move forward with the
construction of a compressed natural gas (CNG) medic unit, the first in the nation, and
initiated a pilot program to gauge its operational effectiveness. This vehicle was placed
into service in early 2010. The Fire Department has concluded it's testing of this CNG
vehicle and expressed concerns over the range of the vehicle. The recommended
Federal and Riverside County standard range for ambulances is to be able to travel 250
miles without refueling. The CNG unit is currently representing a range of 82 miles,
based on the data collected by the Fire Department. The engine conversion
manufacturer suggested increasing the tank capacity (at a cost of $15,000) to
potentially achieve this range requirement, but cannot guarantee it would do so. Staff
recommends remounting this vehicle on a clean diesel chassis, if applicable, or
reconverting the unit to its original gasoline powered engine.
Discussion
On February 12, 2009, the Palm Desert City Council directed staff to explore the options
of purchasing a CNG ambulance medic unit. This unit was anticipated to replace the
existing unit serving Fire Station No. 71 (located at Portola Avenue and Country Club
Drive). In May 2009, the City Council authorized staff to move forward with the
construction of this CNG vehicle, the first in the nation, and initiated a pilot program to
gauge its operational effectiveness.
CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update
March 24, 2011
Page 2 of 6
Frazer was selected as the vendor to build this new unit. Their ambulances are
manufactured so that the existing patient compartment can be reused. The Fire
Department schedules replacement of these removable patient modules every five
years. However, storage of the CNG fuel tanks and increased vehicular weight required
that the CNG unit's chassis be larger than current medic units. The CNG ambulance
was configured so that the patient compartment (including the CNG fuel tanks) could be
remounted onto a new chassis, as is currently done with existing diesel units.
The pilot program began during the first quarter of 2010, when the unit was completed
and put into service at Station No. 71. During the program's term, staff expected to
identify and correct any potential issues before purchasing additional units for the
remaining two stations. Fire Station No. 71 was selected as the home base for this unit
because it has a very active call volume. As the work requires specific equipment and
procedures, Frazer was selected as the sole source vendor for this project. They
teamed with BAF Technologies (for CNG engine conversion).
Vehicle Type
A committee comprised of staff, industry experts, the City's consultant, and Fire officials
met to discuss various options. The group came to a consensus that the City would be
best served by purchasing a Frazer Type III 14' Generator Powered Module mounted
on a 2009 Ford E450 6.81- gasoline chassis. The Ford engine was replaced with a BAF
CalComp CNG engine system. CNG fuel tanks were mounted inside a compartment on
the detachable patient compartment supplied by Frazer. The fuel capacity is 30 gasoline
gallon equivalent (gge). Refueling protocols were discussed at length. Given that the
Fire Department has a policy of refueling medic units at 3/4 capacity (no lower than 1/2),
and hospitals and refueling infrastructure are located nearby (24 hours a day), range
was not viewed as a deterrent at the time.
Fueling Options
The CNG vehicle is primarily fast filled at the Burrtec CNG station at 41575 Eclectic
Street. Additional fast fill public stations are currently located in Palm Springs,
Cathedral City, Thousand Palms and Indio.
Vehicle Cost
ITEM COST
Frazer Type III 14' GPM
$ 84,500.00
2009 Ford E-450 6.81- gas chassis w/ air suspension system
$ 30,500.00
CNG Conversion
$ 40,000.00
Required Optional Items
$ 31,175.00
VEHICLE COST
$186,175.00
At the time of purchase, a number of grant possibilities were presented by the City's
consultant for both vehicle and infrastructure costs. However, these funds could not be
retroactively applied. If the City decided to pursue such grant funding, it would have
delayed the purchase by up to a year. Staff did apply for ARRA funds and another
grant, for potential future CNG ambulance purchases, but was unsuccessful in this
endeavor.
G:\CityMgr\Stephen AryanlAgenda Reports\CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update.doc
CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update
March 24, 2011
Page 3 of 6
Fire Department's Findings
Upon field testing the CNG ambulance, the Fire Department indicated concerns
regarding the fuel range of the vehicle. Their specific issues are for the apparent low
fuel economy of the vehicle and the limited ranged based on the current fuel capacity.
This capacity is further reduced by the hot summer weather, as the increased
temperature reduces the net fuel capacity. The Fire Department, via Riverside County
Ordinance, is required to meet the minimum specification as prescribed by the Federal
GSA Ambulance specification KKK-A-1822F, which specifies that ambulance shall be
capable of being driven for at least 250 miles without refueling.
This range is recommended because there is a strong possibility that the unit will be
running continuous calls, without time between each incident for refueling. The second
reason the Fire Department states is that they are legally required to transport patients
to the closest, most appropriate facility based on their needs. This requirement could
mean that they are transporting patients to the closest Trauma Center in Palm Springs,
or Burn Unit in Colton.
Fire Department personnel assigned to Medic 71 have kept detailed records of the
mileage range of the CNG unit between refueling. They indicate that the vehicle is
demonstrating an operational range as low as 82 miles. Compounding this problem is
that the unit is out of service for approximately 30 minutes during each refueling
session, which is approximately over four hours per week. The Department
subsequently requested that the City contact the vendor for repair, modification, or
reconversion to obtain the minimum 250 mile range.
BAF did inspect the unit and found nothing to be out of place. They have proposed
some solutions to increase the vehicle's range. One suggestion was to replace the
existing tanks with larger capacity tanks, increasing the capacity from 30 to 50 gge. If
the unit is fueled to 3600 PSI, then the range may increase to between 235 to 255
miles, bringing the unit closer to range requirements during optimal weather conditions.
Again, this range is dependent on a full fuel pressure of 3600 PSI. There currently are
no fuel stations in the City that provide this capacity, with the closest station providing
3600 PSI located at the Sunline Transit facility in Thousand Palms.
The Fire Department indicated they have reservations with such a proposal. First, they
have an issue with taking the unit out of service and out of the City when refueling. Their
data indicates that the unit takes an average of thirty-two (32) minutes to refuel each trip
based on the current 30 gallon tank configuration. Theoretically, if the tank size is
increased to 50 gge, the unit could be out of service for a greater amount of time,
reducing its availability to respond to emergency calls each day. They are equally
concerned with side impact protection, with the increased tanks taking more room and
being closer to the compartment doors. The Fire Department is also concerned with the
availability of CNG fuel during a post earthquake disaster. While Fire Officials are
supportive of any "Green" fuel technologies, they are currently hesitant to have
emergency services rely on them until a highly reliable and available refueling source is
in place and range is not limited.
G:\CityMgr\Stephen Aryan\Agenda Reports\CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update.doc
CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update
March 24, 2011
Page 4 of 6
Medic 71 Options
Option No. 1
Negotiate a buyback of the existing CNG ambulance's chassis and fuel tanks with BAF
Technologies and return to the City Council with a cost to re -modify the patient box and
remount it on a new Clean Energy Diesel chassis. If such an option is unavailable, it is
recommended that staff explore the cost to either a) reconvert the existing CNG Medic
Unit back to a gasoline powered engine, or 2) remount it on an a new diesel chassis
and return to the City Council with a cost estimate. Staff will negotiate with the vendor to
ascertain if they will perform the reconversion option at their cost. (Staff and Fire
Department Recommended Option).
Staff researched the issue of clean diesel fuel and found it to be a viable option in
reducing overall emissions compared to previous diesel equipment. Advances in diesel
engine technologies and ultra -low sulfur diesel availability meet EPA emissions
standards. Coupled with newer emission systems and filters, smog causing NOx and
particulate matters are shown to be reduced by approximately 90% from previous diesel
technology. Also, for the use of this medic unit, a diesel engine is proven to provide
more power and reliability. Diesel engines can also take both ULSD and Biodiesel fuels
without any modifications. Both types of fuels are available options for a diesel medic
unit.
U.S. Emission Standards for Heavy -Duty Engines
0.6
0.5
OC
J3 0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Model Year
6.0
5.0 �..,
4.0
3_O
2.O
1.0 z
0
A recent study conducted by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) on certai
fleet vehicles indicates that while CNG fuel provides good emission reductions,
diesel and biodiesel are also viable options in obtaining similar benefits as the
illustrates on the following page.
n bus
clean
table
G:\CityMgr\Stephen Aryan\Agenda Reports\CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update.doc
CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update
March 24, 2011
Page 5 of 6
Table E. 3 Impact of increasing alternative fuels and technologies to 15% of the transit bus fleet
CO
tons
NMHC
tons
CH4
tons
NO.
tons
PM
tons
CO2
tons
Fuel Consumed
Thousands of
Gallons
Incremental
Change Relative to Anticipated 2009 Fleet Levels
Clean Diesel
1,723
377
-
3,291
201
T 35,251
T 2,664
CNG
� 689
341
T 422
4,239
.L 205
220,758
T 2,154
Diesel Hybrid
1,776
.L 366
-
y 4,418
202
491,352
50,658
Gasoline Hybrid
6,178
211
-
.L 5,963
199
74,114
T 2,833
Biodiesel (1320) la,�
384
166
-
T 369
38
T 25,087
T 3,876
Implemented in the older diesel buses of the fleet
Option No. 2
a. Increase the CNG tank capacity from 30 gge to 50 gge at an estimated cost of
$15,000, which includes transportation costs to and from Texas. However, the
vendor cannot guarantee that the increased tank size would meet the required
250 mile range requirement, as there are many variables to consider (e.g.
temperature, how the vehicle is driven, fueling station pressurization, etc).
b. Coupled with the increased tank capacity, the City would need to ensure a
reliable 3600 PSI fueling station is available to the Fire Department. This
condition could be met by either providing a fast -fill unit at the fire station
(estimated to be approximately $200,000) or by modifying the Burrtec fueling
facility (estimated to be approximately $25,000). However, with the Burrtec
option, the Fire Department could not expect 3600 PSI after 4:00 PM, as this is
the time the sanitation trucks are fueled. Therefore, the Burrtec option is not
realistic given the Fire Department's twenty-four hour operational requirements.
Staff respectfully recommends that the City Council approve Option No. 1. The pilot
program conducted indicated that given the current infrastructure limitations and Fire
Department operational requirements, the use of a CNG fueled ambulance is not
currently a viable solution. However, staff understands that Palm Desert has been
lauded by the clean energy community for initiating this program and leading the way for
future improvements and efficiencies. Staff will continue to monitor alternate fuel trends
and will inform the Council if advances in CNG technology would permit us to potentially
reevaluate this program's benefit at a future date.
Fiscal Impact
If the City Council selects Option No. 1, they are not currently committing the City to any
costs. Staff will research the costs of this proposal and return at a later City Council
meeting, before the end of the fiscal year, with a recommendation and cost. If the City
Council selects Option No. 2, there would be a cost of $15,000 to increase tank capacity
and potential infrastructure costs of approximately $200,000. Staff would explore
available grant options for such an infrastructure improvement, but this would be an
unfunded capital improvement project.
G:\CityMgr\Stephen Aryan\Agenda Reports\CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update.doc
CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update
March 24, 2011
Page 6 of 6
Submitted by:
CITYCOUNCiiVnON
APPROVED DENIED
RECEIVED OTHER
EET G D. - oll
Step en Y. Aryan
AYES:bDfL41r
Assistant to the Cit Manager
NOES:
ABSENT:
Reviewed by:
ABSTAIN:
VERIFIED BY: 1)
Original on File with CityJerk's Office
* By Minute Motion: 1) Authorize staff to
purchase a new chassis, refurbish the existing
PaulS. Gibson
patient box and remount it on a new Clean
Director of Finance/City Treasurer
Energy Diesel chassis in the amount of
$78,000, which includes transportation costs;
2) appropriate $78,000 from the Capital
�.
Replacement Fund; 3) authorize staff to
negotiate a buyback of the existing CNG
Division Chief Dorian Coolo
ambulance chassis and fuel tanks with
BAF Technologies. 5-0
Palm Desert Fire Departmdnt (Cal -Fire)
Approved by:
i M. Wohlmuth
Manager
G:\CityMgr\Stephen Aryan4Agenda Reports\CNG Medic Unit Pilot Program Update.doc
I'AI=1�,LOI 7,1`IIIIPil
Riverside County Fire Department
flgp John R. Hawkins
°PANUM County Fire Chief
DATE: March 14, 2010
TO: Stephen Aryan
FROM: Dorian J. Cooley, Division Chief
RE: CNG Ambulance Disposition
As previously discussed, the CNG Ambulance is not currently meeting our specifications for
range. Both the consultant and engine converter (BAF Technologies) claim that they were not
aware of a specfficfuel range requirement, however both admitted in our meeting to being
asked and assuring us prior to construction that the vehicle would maintain the same range as
the pre -converted format. Pre -converted, that chassis was equipped with a 55 gallon fuel tank
and had a range conservatively of over 300 miles.
BAF has have proposed a couple of solutions. Originally — they suggested adding a fourth tank
to provide 40 Gas Gallon Equivalent (GGE) capacity. Unfortunately, at the realized fuel economy
of around between 4.7 and 5.09 MPG, this only provides a 190 - 200 mile range — assuming that
it is filled to 3600 PSI.
At our most recent meeting they proposed reconfiguring the compartment, and replacing the 3
tanks with larger ones, configured to a capacity of 50 GGE. If the unit is fueled to 3600 PSI —
than we should see a range of between 235 and 255. This appears to bring the unit close to, or
at the minimum required range during optimal weather periods. Again, please note that this is
assuming a full fuel pressure of 3600 PSI. As discussed, there are no fueling stations in the City
which provide this capacity. The closest Is at the Sunline facility in Thousand Palms.
We have a couple concerns with this plan. The first is the stated problem of having to take the
unit out of service, and out of the City for every refueling. Our testing indicates that the unit
with its current capacity takes an average of 32 minutes each trip. The enhanced capacity will
theoretically increase this to 45 minutes. This reduces the availability of the unit for emergency
calls each day.
The second issue is that of safety. Our concerns for this installation lie primarily with side
Impact protection. With the current configuration, there are 3 tanks mounted horizontally
behind the cab in a rack. This puts the bottom tank at less than T from the ground and in an
impact zone for side crashes. While worrisome, it was hoped that the rack system and
accompanying setback (14'1 from the sides would be sufficient in the event of a side Impact.
Unfortunately, the new tanks they are proposing are 18 inches longer and when installed will
only be 4 or 5 inches from the compartment door. Any side impact with intrusion could
potentially displace these tanks with the possibility of penetration, breaking off a valve, or
severing a fuel line. If a rupture and a pressurized fuel fire were to occur, there would be little
opportunity to escape for occupants — especially one strapped to a gurney. This thought is very
troubling.
While we applaud the City for its "Green" energy efforts, we are concerned that this is an idea
before its time specifically for an emergency vehicle. The lack of adequate supporting
infrastructure within the City limits the use and capability of the vehicle. We also have concerns
about the availability of CNG during a post earthquake disaster. While we support the use of
alternate "Green" fuels, we are hesitant to have emergency services rely on them before a
highly reliable, widespread source of refueling is in place.
We are here to serve the City, and gladly will operate the equipment provided for our use.
However, based on our experiences with this vehicle, we feel that at this point the City should
consider moving away from CNG use for emergency vehicles for now. Options are:
1. Convert the Unit back to gasoline. It may be possible to have the CNG Engine vendor
modify the unit back to gasoline at their expense as the unit did not deliver the range
they originally advised. Otherwise, there are other vendors that could accomplish this
task.
2. Negotiate a buy back of the ambulance with the engine conversion vender. Potentially
they could purchase back the chassis and tanks for their own reuse/resale, and we could
have the Ambulance Manufacturer modify the box and remount it on a new Clean Energy
Diesel chassis. This would potentially be the best option on the Public Relations side for
all.
Thank you for the opportunity to provide input on this vehicle. If you have any questions,
please do not hesitate to contact me.
4a� r1
Dorian J Cooley, Division Chief
West Desert Division
Riverside County Fire Department
2
MEMORANDUM
Riverside County Fire Department
John R. Hawkins
County Fire Chief
DATE: October 18, 2010
TO: Stephen Aryan, City of Palm Desert
FROM: Dorian J. Cooley, Division Chief
RE: CNG Performance issues
As we advised at our meeting in May, the Fire Department has some concerns regarding the full -fuel
range of the new CNG fueled ambulance. Our concerns cover both the apparent low fuel economy
of the vehicle and the associated limited range based on the current fuel capacity. We have
discovered that this fuel capacity is further reduced during hot weather, as the increased
temperature reduces the net fuel capacity of the tanks.
The minimum specifications generally accepted for ambulances is the Federal GSA Ambulance
specification KKK-A-1822F. Within this document is the following:
3.4.8 FUEL RANGE.
The ambulance shall be capable of being driven for of least 250 miles without refueling.
The County EMS Agency under Ordinance 756 requires ambulances to meet these KKK-A-1822
specifications. Our ambulances are permitted by the County EMSA.
There are several reasons why this range is important. First is the possibility of running back to
back calls —without time between incidents for fueling. The second and equally important reason is
that we are required by law to transport to the closest, most appropriate facility based on the
patient's needs. Whether it is to Palm Springs for the closest Trauma Center or Colton for the
closest Bum Unit — we must maintain the capability to respond, treat and transport. Thus the
minimum acceptable range for ambulances has been established as 250 miles.
As you can see by the attached documents, as currently configured and operating, the CNG
ambulance is demonstrating well less than a third of that capacity. During the past summer months,
operational range on this vehicle has dropped to as low as 82 miles. Based on this, even doubling
the fuel capacity would still leave the unit deficient and below specification.
After review of this issue, I am requesting that the City contact the conversion vendorfor evaluation,
repair and/or modification as appropriate to bring this vehicle up to minimum specifications. If this
can not be accomplished, than other options such as reconfiguration back to gasoline fuel may need
to be considered.
MEDIC 71 CNG AMBULANCE
AUGUST 1, 2010 THRU SEPTEMBER 15, 2010
PREPARED BY JOHN PEPPLER FAE/PM
N. PALM DESERT 71 STATION PALM DESERT
DAYS OF SERVICE
48
TOTAL GALLONS USED
526
AVERAGE FUEL USE
9.85 GALLONS PER DAY
TOTAL MILES DRIVEN
2678
FUEL STOPS
1.2 PER DAY
CNG COST
$2.49 PER GALLON
FUEL COST
$27.00/DAY
AVERAGE MILES PER FILL
50.15 MILES @ 0.39 TANK OR 1311 PSI REMAINING
AVERAGE MPG
5.09 MPG
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE
98 DEGREES Fahrenheit when fueling
TANK PSI LOW AVERAGE
1311
TANK PSI HIGH AVERAGE
3228
O/S FOR FUEL
20 TIMES AT % TANK @ 30 MINUTES =10 HOURS.
RANGE EQUIVENLENTS
X TANK = 20.49 MILES / 807 PSI
1/3 TANK = 27.32 MILES/1076 PSI
FULL TANK RANGE 81.96 MILES
NOTE: AS THE TEMPERATURES HAVE RISEN THE FILL PERCENTAGE HAS FALLEN
TO 74.5% OF FILL CAPACITY
PAGE 1 OF 1
MEDIC 71 CNG AMBULANCE
EVALUATION
1ANUARY 22, 2010 THRU MAY 9, 2010
PREPARED BY 10HN PEPPLER FAE/PM
N. PALM DESERT STATION PALM DESERT
DAYS IN SERVICE
79
TOTAL GALLONS USED
1308
AVERAGE FUEL USE
16 GALLONS PER DAY
TOTAL MILES DRIVEN
5750
FUEL STOPS
1.4 PER DAY
CNG COST
$2.49 PER GALLON
FUEL COST
$39.00/DAY
AVERAGE MILES PER FILL
52 MILES 034 TANK OR 1500 PSI REMAINING
AVERAGE MPG
4.7 MPG
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE
74 DEGREES Fahrenheit
TANK PSI LOW AVERAGE
1500
TANK PSI HIGH AVERAGE
3200
O/S FOR FUEL
10 HOURS UNIT OR 20 MAN HOURS (estimate)
RANGE EQUIVENLENTS
% TANK = 26 MILES / 800 PSI = 26 MILES @ 100% FILL
NOTE., AS THE TEMPERATURES HAVE RISEN THE RANGE IS DECREASING, A FULL
FILL IS 718 TANK OR 2600 PSI. THE TOTAL GALLONS PUMPED FOR A FULL TANK
AVERAGED 11 GALLONS AT 1500 PSI OR 3200 PSI, NOW A FULL FILL FROM 1S00
PSI AVERAGES 6 GALLONS OR 2600 PSI.
MEDIC 233 2005 FORD F350 DEISEL
AMBULANCE
SCE
FUEL DATA COLLECTION/COMPARISON
SEPTEMBER 22 THRU OCTOBER 17 2010
PREPARED BY JOHN PEPPLER FAE/PM
N. PALM DESERT STATION 71 PALM DESERT
DAYS EVALUATED
24
TOTAL GALLONS USED
157
AVERAGE FUEL USE
6.7 GALLONS PER DAY
AVE. MILES PER DAY
60
TOTAL MILES DRIVEN
1440
FUEL STOPS
0.33 PER DAY OR ONCE FOR 3 DAY SHIFT
DIESEL COST
$3.29 PER GALLON
FUEL COST
$21.15 DAY
AVERAGE MILES PER FILL
174 MILES OR M TANK
AVERAGE MPG
9.17 MILES PER GALLON
AVERAGE TEMPERATURE
101 DEGREES Fahrenheit
TANK PSI LOW AVERAGE
N/A
TANK PSI HIGH AVERAGE
N/A
O/S FOR FUEL
NONE
FUEL TANK
38 GALLONS
RANGE EQUIVENLENTS
FULL TANK = 348 MILES
PAGE 1 OF 1
M71 CNG AMBULANCE MILEAGE EVALUATION
FEBRUARY 1 ST THRU FEBUARY 7TH 2O11
DAYS IN SERVICE
TOTAL GALLONS
TOTAL MILES
AVE MILES PER FILL
AVE PRESSURE BEFORE
AVE PRESSURE AFTER
FULL GAGE BEFORE
% OF FILL
FILLS PER DAY
AVE TEMPERATURE
MPG
FULL TANK RANGE
7
102.9
551
68.8
1400
3800
0.5 (HALF TANK)
100%
1.2
69 DEGREES
5.35 MPG
136 MILES @ 100%
AT 3600 PSI FILL STATION
OUT OF SERVICE TIME 258 MINUTES/ 4.3 HOURS
9 TOTAL FILLS/32 MIN PER
There were some improvements with the 3600 PSI fill. The range improved
almost 50 miles however the percentage of fill was 100% due to cooler
outside temperatures. Also 10 of these miles were driving to and from the
fill station. The MPG improved only V2 gallon per mile from the January
2010 evaluation.